JASMERAH !! Gerakan Mahasiswa Indonesia dari Masa ke Masa

Summary

The video explores the evolution of the student movement in Indonesia, tracing its origins from the pre-independence era through to the present day. The speaker discusses how student activism has been a response to political and social crises, such as the fight for independence, the resistance against authoritarianism during the Old Order and New Order, and ongoing reform efforts. The movement, continuously adapting to changing political landscapes, has remained a crucial force in Indonesian society. The speaker emphasizes the need to preserve and support student activism, which plays a vital role in shaping the nation's democracy.

Takeaways

• 😀 The history of student movements in Indonesia is closely linked to national crises and has occurred throughout different eras.
• 😀 Student movements are a response to crises in the country, and as long as there are students, these movements will continue to evolve.
• 😀 The early student movement in Indonesia began during the pre-independence era with organizations like Budi Utomo, and many future leaders like Soekarno, Hatta, and Syahrir were involved in such groups.
• 😀 The student movement during the pre-independence era fought to free Indonesia from colonial powers using various methods such as diplomacy and guerrilla warfare.
• 😀 The student movement during the Old Order (Orde Lama) opposed the idea of Soekarno becoming a president for life, viewing it as authoritarian.
• 😀 Soehokgie, a famous activist from the Old Order period, is known for his contributions to the student movement in resisting authoritarianism.
• 😀 The New Order (Orde Baru) under President Soeharto saw significant student movements, particularly in 1998, but these movements were heavily suppressed by the government, which had a semi-democratic system.
• 😀 In the New Order era, students initially engaged in smaller discussions to unite their perspectives, which later culminated in major movements leading up to 1998.
• 😀 Prominent figures from the 1998 student movement, such as Budiman Sudjatmiko, Fahri Hamzah, and Fadli Zon, have gone on to become politicians, businesspeople, and public figures.
• 😀 The Reform era (after 1998) saw the rise of new student movements with democracy returning, and student activism continues under the leadership of figures like BJ Habibie and President Jokowi.
• 😀 Student movements in the Reform era remain active, such as those in 2019 against the KPK Law and the Criminal Code (KUHP), demonstrating that student activism is still a vital part of Indonesia's political landscape.

Q & A

What is the main theme of the student movements in Indonesia?

The main theme of student movements in Indonesia is their response to political and national crises. Throughout Indonesian history, student movements have been closely tied to periods of crisis, often emerging as a way to resist and challenge the political situation in the country.

How did the student movement begin in Indonesia?

The student movement in Indonesia began during the pre-independence era, with groups like Budi Utomo and the Perhimpunan Pelajar Indonesia playing key roles in the struggle for independence. Figures like Soekarno, Hatta, and Syahrir were also involved in these early student movements.

What were the main goals of the student movement during the pre-independence period?

During the pre-independence period, the main goal of student movements was to achieve independence from colonial powers such as the Dutch and the Japanese. The movement employed various methods including diplomacy, guerrilla warfare, and other forms of resistance.

How did the student movement respond to President Soekarno's idea of becoming president for life?

The student movement strongly opposed President Soekarno's idea of becoming president for life, viewing it as a form of authoritarianism. They believed it was reminiscent of colonial rule and opposed the lack of true democratic principles.

Who were some of the notable student activists during the Old Order period?

Notable student activists during the Old Order period include figures like Soe Hok Gie, who is famous for his writings and activism. His work and the movements of that time are well-documented and provide insight into the challenges faced by student activists.

What role did student movements play during the New Order era?

During the New Order era, student movements were vital in opposing the authoritarian rule of President Soeharto. These movements were largely suppressed, but students engaged in underground activities like discussions and small-scale protests. The most significant student-led action came in 1998, which ultimately led to Soeharto's resignation.

How did the student movement evolve during the Reformasi era?

In the Reformasi era, student movements became more open and active as democracy was restored in Indonesia. These movements were instrumental in demanding political reforms and held a crucial role in various protests, continuing to push for accountability and transparency in the government.

What were some of the key student protests in recent years?

Recent key student protests include those in 2019, where students strongly opposed the revision of the KPK Law and the Omnibus Law. These protests are part of a continued legacy of student activism in Indonesia, highlighting the ongoing role of students in the country’s political discourse.

Why does the speaker believe that student movements will never disappear in Indonesia?

The speaker believes that student movements will never disappear as long as there are students in Indonesia because the spirit of activism is intrinsic to the role of students in addressing political and social issues. While the form of the movement may change, its core purpose will persist.

What impact did the 1998 student movement have on Indonesian politics?

The 1998 student movement played a pivotal role in ending the rule of President Soeharto, leading to his resignation and the start of Indonesia's reform era. It marked a significant turning point in Indonesian politics, with students at the forefront of demanding democratic reforms.