Teori dalam Penelitian Kualitatif Pendidikan: Definisi dan Fungsi

Summary

In this enlightening session, the speaker explores the role of theory in qualitative research, distinguishing it from everyday usage of the term. They emphasize that, in academia, theory refers to the relationships between concepts, serving as a foundation for understanding social realities. The discussion highlights the differences between researchers and non-researchers in interpreting facts, with researchers relying on theoretical frameworks. The speaker also addresses the importance of contemporary references in research, urging participants to stay updated with recent studies to enhance their academic work. This session serves as a crucial guide for understanding and applying theory in research effectively.

Takeaways

• 😀 Theory in qualitative research is fundamentally different from the everyday use of the term, which often implies untested ideas.
• 📚 A theory is defined as the relationship between variables or concepts, explaining phenomena through these connections.
• 🔍 Researchers must use theoretical frameworks to interpret social facts, leading to theoretical conclusions rather than mere descriptions.
• ✍️ Non-researchers, such as journalists, tend to observe and describe social facts without employing theoretical perspectives.
• 📅 Theories in qualitative research are dynamic and can change as new findings emerge during the research process.
• 💡 Updated references are crucial in academic writing, with at least 80% of sources recommended to be from studies published within the last five years.
• 🔗 Each academic discipline has its specific theories, and understanding these is vital for proper research methodology.
• 📝 The distinction between concepts (definitions and descriptions) and theories (relationships between concepts) is critical in research.
• 🚀 Emphasizing the importance of consulting recent journals and articles, researchers should stay informed of the latest developments in their fields.
• 🤝 The lecture encourages students to use multiple sources to enrich their understanding and expand their research perspectives.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the discussion in the session?

The main topic is the theory in qualitative research, including its definition, position, and functions.

How does everyday use of the term 'theory' differ from its academic meaning?

In everyday conversation, 'theory' often implies a statement that may not be put into practice, whereas in academic research, it refers to the relationship between variables or concepts.

What is a simple definition of theory in the context of academic research?

In academic research, theory is defined as the relationship between variables or concepts that provides explanations for phenomena.

What is the significance of distinguishing between concepts and theories?

Distinguishing between concepts and theories is crucial because concepts are definitions or descriptions, while theories explain the relationships between those concepts.

Can you provide an example of a theory and its related concepts?

An example would be the relationship between 'students' (concept) and 'learning' (concept). Theories like cognitive theory or behaviorism explain how students learn.

What is the difference between the perspectives of researchers and non-researchers when observing social facts?

Researchers view social facts through the lens of established theories, leading to theoretical conclusions, while non-researchers typically observe facts as they are without theoretical frameworks.

How does qualitative research differ from quantitative research in terms of theory?

Qualitative research treats theories as temporary and flexible, often adapting them based on findings in the field, while quantitative research typically starts with a fixed theoretical framework.

What is the role of literature review in the context of theory in research?

A literature review is important as it provides up-to-date findings and critiques of existing theories, ensuring that researchers incorporate the latest developments in their work.

What is the recommended approach for referencing theories in academic writing?

It is recommended to use at least 80% of references from articles published within the last five years to ensure that the theories discussed are current and relevant.

Why is it essential for researchers to continually engage with new research and findings?

Continuous engagement with new research is essential because knowledge, particularly in social sciences, evolves rapidly, and outdated theories can lead to less effective research outcomes.