APEMAN chemistry

Summary

The video script introduces the 'APEman' strategy for calculating subatomic particles in an atom, focusing on lithium as an example. APEman stands for Atomic Number, Protons, Electrons, Mass Number, Atomic Number, and Neutrons. It explains that for a neutral atom like lithium, the atomic number equals the number of protons and electrons. The mass number is the rounded atomic mass, which is the sum of protons and neutrons. The script demonstrates how to find the number of neutrons by subtracting the atomic number from the mass number, completing the APEman calculation.

Takeaways

• 🔬 The '8-man' strategy helps determine the number of subatomic particles in an atom.
• 🧪 Subatomic particles include protons, neutrons, and electrons, which are smaller than atoms.
• ⚛️ APE in '8-man' stands for Atomic number, Protons, and Electrons, and they all have the same number.
• 📊 The mass number is the atomic mass rounded to a whole number.
• 📉 The mass number is determined by adding the number of protons and neutrons together.
• 🔢 To find the number of neutrons, subtract the atomic number from the mass number.
• 🔋 In a neutral atom, the number of protons equals the number of electrons.
• 🧩 Protons define the element itself; for example, only lithium has 3 protons.
• 📏 The mass number is found at the bottom of the element's box on the periodic table and is often displayed as a decimal.
• 💡 Using the example of lithium: it has 3 protons, 3 electrons, a mass number of 7, and 4 neutrons.

Q & A

What is the APEMEN strategy used for?

APEMEN is a strategy used to determine the number of subatomic particles in an atom.

What are the three main subatomic particles found in an atom?

The three main subatomic particles found in an atom are protons, neutrons, and electrons.

What does APEMEN stand for in the context of atomic structure?

APEMEN stands for Atomic Number, Protons, Electrons, Mass Number, Atomic Number, and Neutrons.

Why are the atomic number (A), protons (P), and electrons (E) all the same number in a neutral atom?

In a neutral atom, the atomic number (A), protons (P), and electrons (E) are the same number because the positive charge of protons is balanced by the negative charge of electrons, resulting in no net charge.

How is the mass number (M) of an atom determined?

The mass number (M) of an atom is determined by rounding the atomic mass to the nearest whole number.

What is the significance of the atomic number in defining an element?

The atomic number is significant in defining an element because it represents the number of protons in the nucleus, which is unique to each element.

How do you find the number of neutrons (N) using the APEMEN strategy?

You find the number of neutrons (N) by subtracting the atomic number (A) from the mass number (M), since the mass number represents the sum of protons and neutrons.

Why is the atomic mass rounded to a whole number in the APEMEN strategy?

The atomic mass is rounded to a whole number in the APEMEN strategy to simplify calculations and because the mass number represents the sum of protons and neutrons, which are whole numbers.

Can you provide an example of how to use the APEMEN strategy with an element from the periodic table?

Yes, for lithium, the atomic number (A) is 3, which is also the number of protons (P) and electrons (E). The atomic mass is approximately 6.94, which rounds up to a mass number (M) of 7. Subtracting the atomic number from the mass number gives us 4 neutrons (N).

What is the role of the mass number in the APEMEN strategy?

In the APEMEN strategy, the mass number represents the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom and is used to calculate the number of neutrons.