Cut and fill mining method - Epiroc
Summary
TLDRCut and fill mining is a versatile method for extracting steeply dipping and irregular ore bodies, offering selective mining and adaptability. It involves mining in horizontal slices, with backfilling using waste materials like tailings or waste rock. This method allows for high selectivity and ore recovery with minimal dilution, though it is considered low productivity. The process includes drilling, blasting, mucking out ore, and reinforcing the rock as needed, with mining continuing until the entire ore body is extracted.
Takeaways
- ⛏️ Cut and fill mining is a preferred method for steeply dipping and irregular ore bodies.
- 🔄 It offers adaptability to variations in the rock mass and selective mining capabilities.
- 🏗️ This method is considered small-scale and is carried out in horizontal slices along the ore body.
- 🔄 The bottom slice is mined first, followed by backfilling and then mining upwards.
- 🚧 Backfill material can be reused waste such as tailings, sand, or waste rock.
- 🔩 Backslashing is used for access to upper slices within the stope.
- 🚧 After a stope is completed, a new access drift is created to continue mining in the upper stope.
- 💥 The mining process involves drilling, blasting, ventilation, mucking out, and rock reinforcement.
- 🔄 Cut and fill mining allows for the mining to be tailored to the shape of the ore body, reducing dilution.
- 🔄 It is a low productivity method but offers high selectivity, good ore recovery, and low dilution.
Q & A
What is cut and fill mining?
-Cut and fill mining is a small-scale mining method favored for steeply dipping and irregular ore bodies. It is preferred by mines that require selective mining and adaptability to variations in the rock mass.
How is mining carried out in cut and fill mining?
-Mining is carried out in horizontal slices along the ore body, starting with the bottom slice. The excavated area is backfilled, and production continues upwards, with each level being mined by drifting until the entire slice is mined.
What is the purpose of backfilling in cut and fill mining?
-Backfilling serves to provide a working platform for mining the next level and also allows for the reuse of waste materials such as tailings sand or waste rock from development.
How does access to upper slices within the stope occur in cut and fill mining?
-Access to upper slices is provided by back slashing, which is done for providing access to the upper slices within the stope. Once a stope is completed, a new access drift from the ramp is created to continue production.
What are the advantages of using cut and fill mining?
-Cut and fill mining offers the advantage of reusing waste for backfill material, high selectivity with good ore recovery, and low dilution, allowing for the minimization of waste rock dilution.
What are the steps involved in mining one of the slices?
-The steps include drilling blast holes, charging and blasting the ore, ventilating toxic blast fumes, mucking out the ore into an ore pass or onto a truck, and then continuing with the next round.
How is the rock reinforced in cut and fill mining?
-The method of rock reinforcement is decided by the mine for each individual situation, ensuring stability and safety as the mining progresses.
Why is cut and fill mining considered a low productivity method?
-Cut and fill mining is considered low productivity due to the sequential nature of mining and backfilling, which can be time-consuming and labor-intensive compared to other methods.
How does the shape of the ore body influence cut and fill mining?
-The shape of the ore body allows cut and fill mining to be tailored to suit its contours, which can help minimize dilution and maximize ore recovery.
What equipment is typically used for cut and fill mining?
-The equipment used for mining the ore is usually the same as what is used for development, indicating a versatility in the tools needed for this method.
How does the increase in rock stresses affect cut and fill mining?
-As the ore body is mined, the rock stresses increase in the pillars above the mined area, which may require additional support or changes in mining strategy to ensure safety and stability.
Outlines
🔨 Cut and Fill Mining Method
Cut and fill mining is a preferred method for steep and irregular ore bodies, offering selective mining and adaptability. It is a small-scale approach where mining is conducted in horizontal slices, starting from the bottom. After each slice is mined, it is backfilled to provide a platform for the next level. This method allows for the reuse of waste materials like tailings sand or waste rock for backfill. The process involves drilling, blasting, ventilation, mucking out the ore, and reinforcing the rock. Cut and fill mining is characterized by high selectivity, good ore recovery, and low dilution, albeit with low productivity. It can be customized to the ore body's shape and can include additional entrances for more production points.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Cut and Fill Mining
💡Selective Mining
💡Backfill
💡Drifting
💡Mucking Out
💡Ore Pass
💡Reinforcement
💡Dilution
💡Stolp
💡Ramp
💡Productivity
Highlights
Cut and fill mining is a preferred method for steeply dipping and irregular ore bodies.
It offers the capability of selective mining and adaptability to variations in the rock mass.
This method is suitable for small-scale mining operations.
Mining is conducted in horizontal slices along the ore body, starting from the bottom slice.
Excavated areas are backfilled to provide a working platform for the next level.
Backslashing is used for access to upper slices within the stope.
Waste materials such as tailings sand or waste rock can be reused for backfill.
Drilling, blasting, and ventilation are part of the ore extraction process.
Ore is mucked out and transported via ore pass or truck.
Rock reinforcement is necessary and is determined by the mining situation.
The mining method can be tailored to the shape of the ore body to minimize waste rock dilution.
A second entrance can be opened for more production points.
Equipment used for mining is often the same as that used for development.
As mining progresses, rock stresses increase in the pillars above the mined area.
Cut and fill mining is considered a low productivity method but offers high selectivity and good ore recovery.
The method allows for low dilution and efficient use of waste materials.
Transcripts
cut and film mining is a favorite choice
for steeply dipping and sometimes
irregular or bodies and preferred by
mines that require the capability of
selective mining and adaptability to
variations in the rock mass it is
generally referred to as a small-scale
mining method mining is carried out in
horizontal slices along the ore body
where the bottom slice is mine first the
excavated area is then backfilled and
production continues upwards each
production level is accomplished by
drifting until the entire slice has been
mined the slice is then backfilled and
the fill becomes the working platform
from which the next level is mind back
slashing is done for providing access to
the upper slices within the Stolp when a
stope is completed a new access drift
from the ramp is created to continue the
production within the upper stope one of
the advantages with cut and fill mining
is the possibility to reuse waste for
backfill material such as tailings sand
from the processing plant or waste rock
from development to mine the ore in one
of the slices we first need to drill
blast holes the next steps are charging
and blasting the ore and then ventilate
the toxic blast fumes the ore is then
mucked out and dumped into an ore pass
or on to a truck
before continuing with the next round
the rock needs to be reinforced how this
is done is decided by the mind for each
individual situation the mining
continues until the entire slice of the
ore has been mined since the mining can
be tailored to suit the shape of the ore
body it is possible to minimize dilution
of waistb rock to get access to more
production points a second entrance can
be opened at another level in the ore
body and excavated in parallel the
equipment used for mining the ore is
usually the same as what is used for
development as the ore body is mined
The Rock stresses increase in the pillar
above the mined area cut and film mining
is regarded as a low productivity mining
method but the advantage is high
selectivity with good ore recovery and
low dilution
you
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