Rheumatoid Arthritis Animation

Summary

This video explains the role of bones and joints in supporting the body's structure and movement, focusing on synovial joints, cartilage, and the impact of arthritis, particularly rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis is described as an autoimmune disorder that damages joints and can affect other organs. The video outlines how this condition causes inflammation, joint destruction, and potential ankylosis. Treatment options, including medications like NSAIDs, steroids, and biologics, as well as physical therapy and surgical procedures such as joint replacement, are discussed to manage symptoms and slow disease progression.

Takeaways

• 🦴 Bones provide support for the body and aid in movement.
• 🤝 Joints connect two or more bones and can be immovable, slightly movable, or freely movable.
• 💧 Movable joints are surrounded by a synovial membrane that produces synovial fluid to lubricate and nourish joint tissues.
• 🛡️ Articular cartilage covers the ends of bones, allowing smooth movement in joints.
• 💪 Joints provide flexibility, precision, and help support body weight.
• 🔥 Arthritis is a disorder that affects joints, causing pain and inflammation.
• 🧬 Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder where the body mistakenly attacks joint and organ tissues.
• 🦠 In rheumatoid arthritis, white blood cells attack the synovial membrane, causing inflammation and destruction of cartilage and bone.
• ⚠️ Ankylosis, the fusion of bones in a joint, can result from untreated rheumatoid arthritis, leading to loss of movement.
• 💊 Treatment for rheumatoid arthritis includes NSAIDs, steroids, DMARDs, biologics, and in severe cases, surgical procedures like joint replacement or fusion.

Q & A

What is the function of bones in the body?

Bones provide support for the body and aid in its movement.

What is a joint, and how is it classified?

A joint is the place where two or more bones meet. Joints can be classified as immovable, slightly movable, or freely movable.

What is the role of synovial fluid in movable joints?

Synovial fluid lubricates and nourishes joint tissues, such as cartilage, allowing for smooth movement.

What is the function of articular cartilage in joints?

Articular cartilage is a tough, slippery covering on the ends of bones that allows smooth joint movement.

What is arthritis, and how does it affect joints?

Arthritis is any disorder that affects joints, causing pain and inflammation.

What is rheumatoid arthritis, and which parts of the body does it commonly affect?

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks joint and organ tissues. It commonly affects the wrists, hands, knees, ankles, and feet.

How does rheumatoid arthritis impact the body beyond the joints?

Rheumatoid arthritis can affect other organs, including the eyes, skin, heart, lungs, kidneys, nervous system, and digestive tract.

What is the process by which rheumatoid arthritis damages joints?

In rheumatoid arthritis, white blood cells release chemicals called cytokines that attack the cells of the synovial membrane, causing inflammation, tissue destruction, and eventual joint damage.

What treatment options are available for rheumatoid arthritis?

Treatment options include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), steroids, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), biologics, physical and occupational therapy, low-impact exercises, and in severe cases, surgical procedures like joint replacement or fusion.

What is ankylosis, and how is it related to rheumatoid arthritis?

Ankylosis is the fusion or growing together of bones in a joint, which can result from untreated rheumatoid arthritis and leads to the loss of joint mobility.

Outlines

00:00

🦴 Understanding Joints and Arthritis

Bones provide essential support and aid in body movement. Joints, where two or more bones meet, can be immovable, slightly movable, or freely movable. Movable joints are surrounded by a synovial membrane, which contains synovial fluid that lubricates and nourishes joint tissues like cartilage. Articular cartilage covers the ends of bones, ensuring smooth joint movement. Joints provide flexibility and support the body’s weight. Arthritis, a disorder affecting joints, can cause pain and inflammation. Rheumatoid arthritis is a common autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks joint and organ tissues. This condition typically affects joints on both sides of the body, like wrists, hands, knees, and feet, but can also impact organs such as the eyes, heart, lungs, and kidneys. In rheumatoid arthritis, white blood cells release chemicals that damage the synovial membrane, causing inflammation, swelling, and joint damage. Over time, untreated arthritis can lead to the fusion of bones (ankylosis), resulting in loss of joint mobility.

05:03

💊 Managing Rheumatoid Arthritis

There is no cure for rheumatoid arthritis, but treatments can help manage inflammation, pain, and slow joint damage. Medications such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), steroids, and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are often prescribed. If standard DMARDs are ineffective, biologic DMARDs may be used. Physical and occupational therapy, along with low-impact exercise, can strengthen muscles and improve joint flexibility. In severe cases, surgical procedures like joint replacement (arthroplasty) or joint fusion (arthrodesis) may be recommended. Synovectomy, which involves removing the synovial membrane, may also be performed. In extreme cases, artificial joints can be used. Consulting a healthcare provider for personalized advice is essential.

Keywords

💡Bones

Bones are the structural framework of the body, providing support and aiding in movement. In the context of the video, bones are essential for the overall functionality of joints, as they connect at joints to allow for flexible motion.

💡Joint

A joint is where two or more bones meet, allowing for movement and flexibility in the body. The video mentions various types of joints, such as immovable, slightly movable, and freely movable, highlighting the role of joints in enabling precise movement and bearing the body's weight.

💡Synovial membrane

The synovial membrane is a soft tissue surrounding movable joints, responsible for secreting synovial fluid. The video explains that this fluid lubricates the joint, facilitating smooth movement and nourishing joint tissues like cartilage.

💡Articular cartilage

Articular cartilage is the tough, slippery covering on the ends of bones at joints. This cartilage allows for smooth movement between bones, reducing friction and wear. In the video, it is emphasized as essential for the smooth function of movable joints.

💡Rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's tissues, particularly the joints. The video highlights that this condition commonly affects joints like the wrists, hands, and knees, and can even damage organs such as the heart and lungs.

💡Autoimmune disorder

An autoimmune disorder occurs when the body's immune system attacks its own cells by mistake. In the context of rheumatoid arthritis, the immune system targets joint and organ tissues, causing inflammation and damage. The video focuses on how this process leads to joint destruction and other systemic effects.

💡Synovial fluid

Synovial fluid is a lubricating fluid secreted by the synovial membrane, which allows for smooth and painless movement of joints. The video underscores its role in nourishing joint tissues and preventing friction between bones, maintaining joint health.

💡Cytokines

Cytokines are chemicals released by white blood cells in the immune system that signal inflammation and tissue destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. In the video, cytokines are described as being involved in the destruction of synovial membranes, leading to further joint damage.

💡Pannus

Pannus refers to the thickened tissue that forms in the joints affected by rheumatoid arthritis. It grows over time and invades cartilage and bone, eventually leading to joint destruction. The video highlights its role in the disease’s progression and how it contributes to loss of joint function.

💡Ankylosis

Ankylosis is the fusion or growing together of bones in a joint, resulting in the loss of movement. The video explains that this occurs as a late-stage complication of untreated rheumatoid arthritis, where joint space narrows and mobility is lost.

Highlights

Bones provide support for the body and aid in its movement.

Joints are the places where two or more bones meet and may be immovable, slightly movable, or freely movable.

A synovial membrane surrounds movable joints, and synovial fluid lubricates and nourishes joint tissue.

Articular cartilage is a tough, slippery covering on the ends of bones that allows smooth joint movement.

Joints give the body flexibility, precision of movement, and help in supporting the body's weight.

Arthritis is a disorder affecting joints, causing pain and inflammation.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks joint and organ tissues.

In rheumatoid arthritis, white blood cells release chemicals that attack the synovial membrane, leading to joint damage.

Inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis causes fluid buildup, swelling, and can eventually lead to ankylosis (fusion of bones in the joint).

There is no cure for rheumatoid arthritis, but treatments like NSAIDs, steroids, and disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) can help manage symptoms.

Biologic DMARDs are newer treatments for rheumatoid arthritis when standard DMARDs are ineffective.

Physical and occupational therapy, along with low-impact exercises, can help increase muscle strength and keep joints flexible.

Surgical procedures, like joint replacement or joint fusion, may be recommended for severe rheumatoid arthritis.

Joint replacement (arthroplasty) is recommended for joints that are difficult to replace.

A synovectomy is a procedure where the synovial membrane is removed in cases of severe rheumatoid arthritis.

Transcripts

[Music]

bones Provide support for the body and

Aid in its

movement the pl where two or more bones

meet is called a

joint joints may be immovable slightly

movable or freely

movable a sovial membrane surrounds

movable

joints inside the membrane synovial

fluid lubricates and nourishes Joint

tissue such as

cartilage articular cartilage is a tough

slippery covering on the ends of the

bones which allows smooth joint movement

movement joints give the body

flexibility Precision of movement and

help in supporting the body's

weight arthritis is any disorder that

affects joints it can cause pain and

inflammation rheumatoid arthritis is the

second most common type of

arthritis the joints most commonly

affected are in the wrists hands

knees

ankles and

feet it typically occurs at the same

joint on both sides of the

body it can also affect other organs in

the body such as the

eyes

skin

heart

lungs kidney

nervous

system and digestive

tract rheumatoid arthritis is an

autoimmune

disorder this means the body attacks

Itself by

mistake in rheumatoid arthritis the

immune system attacks joint and organ

tissues here's how it

happens the white blood cells of the

immune system system move into the

joint they release chemicals called cyto

which attack the cells of the synovial

membrane these chemicals cause synovial

cells to release other destructive

substances they also cause the synovial

membrane to grow new blood vessels and

form a thickened area called a

panis over time as the panis grows grows

it invades and destroys areas of

cartilage and bone inside the

joint inflammation causes fluid buildup

in the joint making the joint

swell eventually without treatment the

joint space Narrows and ankylosis can

occur ankylosis is Fusion or growing

together of bones in the

joint this results in the loss of the

ability to move the joint

there is no cure for rheumatoid

arthritis however doctors commonly

prescribe various combinations of the

following medications that when taken

together can reduce inflammation and

pain and slow down joint

damage these include non-steroidal

anti-inflammatory drugs or

Neds

steroids and standard disease modifying

anti-rheumatic drugs or

deards if standard deards aren't working

doctors May prescribe newer drugs called

biologics also known as biologic

deards physical and occupational therapy

along with low impact exercise can

increase muscle strength and help keep

joints

limber for severe rheumatoid arthritis

that has not been helped by other

treatments a doctor May recommend a

surgical

procedure for example a joint

replacement procedure also known as an

arthroplasty may be

recommended for joints that are

difficult to replace joint Fusion also

known as arthodesis may be

recommended during this procedure the

joint is removed and the bones are fused

together with bone

graft another surgical procedure for

severe rheumatoid arthritis is a

ccty during this procedure the synovial

membrane surrounding the joint is

removed in some cases an arthritic joint

may need to be replaced with an

artificial

joint for more information talk to a

healthc care

provider