22 PERANCANGAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM

Summary

This script discusses the innovative curriculum design approach 'Understanding by Design' (UbD), which promotes a backward design philosophy in curriculum development. It emphasizes flexibility, critical thinking, and the need for educators to adapt to new methods to improve student learning. The content introduces the 'Merdeka' learning model, which advocates for student-centered, collaborative, and contextual learning. Through various stages of assessment and engagement, students are encouraged to analyze, explore, collaborate, and take action, ultimately fostering independence and holistic development in the educational process.

Takeaways

• 😀 Understanding by Design (UbD) is an innovative approach to curriculum development that involves thinking backward from desired learning outcomes.
• 😀 The core philosophy of UbD emphasizes that there is no perfect way to design a curriculum, and each method has its strengths and weaknesses.
• 😀 Resistance to new educational paradigms often comes from a reluctance to leave comfort zones rather than the actual quality of the new approach.
• 😀 UbD promotes a more flexible and realistic approach to curriculum development, making it easier to implement, manage, and evaluate.
• 😀 The curriculum structure in the course spans 16 meetings, with assessments including UTS (midterm) and UAS (final exam), each covering different topics related to curriculum design.
• 😀 The 'Merdeka' learning framework emphasizes student-centered learning, giving students the freedom to develop their thoughts based on their individual capacities.
• 😀 The 'Merdeka' approach includes specific components: starting with self-awareness, exploring concepts, collaborating in group work, demonstrating contextual knowledge, elaborating on understanding, and connecting learning materials.
• 😀 Each topic within the course involves a practical, hands-on approach to constructing knowledge through activities like group discussions, seminars, and real-world applications.
• 😀 Assessments in UbD focus on documenting student work at various stages: from analyzing contexts to constructing concepts and reflecting on understanding.
• 😀 The goal of UbD and the 'Merdeka' framework is to encourage students to take active, meaningful actions by disseminating their knowledge through various media, ensuring deep engagement with the material.

Q & A

What is 'Understanding by Design' and how does it impact curriculum development?

Understanding by Design is an innovative approach to curriculum development that focuses on backward planning. It encourages designers to think about the desired outcomes first and then develop the curriculum to achieve those goals, rather than following a rigid, procedural structure.

What is the main philosophy behind 'Understanding by Design'?

The main philosophy behind Understanding by Design is that there is no one perfect way to develop a curriculum, and it challenges traditional, rigid frameworks. It emphasizes creating more flexible, realistic, and impactful curricula that are aligned with the learning outcomes.

What challenges might educators face when implementing 'Understanding by Design'?

Educators may face resistance to change, as they might be reluctant to step outside of their comfort zones. This resistance is often not due to the quality of new knowledge, but because of the discomfort associated with change and adopting new methodologies.

How does the 'Merdeka' learning framework relate to 'Understanding by Design'?

'Merdeka' is a student-centered learning framework that encourages students to take ownership of their learning journey. It aligns with Understanding by Design by promoting independent thought, collaboration, and the application of concepts in real-world contexts, empowering students to explore, analyze, and create based on their individual needs and competencies.

What does the 'Merdeka' acronym stand for, and what does each part mean?

'Merdeka' stands for: M (starting from oneself), E (exploration of concepts), R (collaborative space), D (contextual demonstration), E (elaboration of understanding), K (connections between topics), and A (real-world actions). Each element encourages active learning, critical thinking, and collaboration in the educational process.

What are the key topics covered in the curriculum based on 'Understanding by Design'?

The key topics include: 1) Understanding the principles of curriculum development, 2) Exploring the framework for creating and managing a curriculum, 3) Analyzing learning outcomes, 4) Developing assessments to evaluate understanding, 5) Designing learning experiences, 6) Implementing learning using Understanding by Design, and 7) Evaluating and analyzing the implementation of the curriculum.

How are assessments integrated into the 'Merdeka' learning process?

Assessments are carried out per topic, with each stage focusing on different aspects of student work, such as context analysis, concept exploration, collaboration, demonstration, elaboration, connection, and real-world action. Each assessment is documented as part of the student's progress and understanding.

What is the role of 'Understanding by Design' in making curriculum development easier and more realistic?

Understanding by Design simplifies curriculum development by focusing on the end goals first and then working backward. This approach makes it easier to create a curriculum that is more adaptable and achievable while ensuring that the learning outcomes are clear and measurable.

How does 'Understanding by Design' encourage changes in the mindset of curriculum designers?

'Understanding by Design' requires a cognitive shift in the designers' mindset, encouraging them to embrace flexibility, collaboration, and student-centered methods. It also promotes an active and reflective approach to teaching and curriculum development.

How does the 'Merdeka' initiative encourage student independence in the learning process?

The 'Merdeka' initiative empowers students by allowing them to take control of their learning, encouraging self-directed exploration, collaboration, and the application of knowledge. This approach fosters deeper learning and the development of critical thinking skills, with students actively constructing knowledge based on their experiences and interests.