Part 1

Summary

In this experiment, you'll use a clean and dry test tube, a test tube holder, a plastic pipette, a saturated sodium chloride solution, and a concentrated hydrochloric acid solution. The procedure involves transferring 2-3 milliliters of the sodium chloride solution into the test tube while avoiding solid residues. Afterward, add 2-3 drops of hydrochloric acid and mix. Observe for any precipitate formation, noting the clarity and color of the solution. The experiment demonstrates the chemical reaction between sodium chloride and hydrochloric acid, highlighting the formation of a white solid precipitate.

Takeaways

• 🧪 Ensure you have all necessary materials: clean test tube, test tube holder, plastic pipette, saturated sodium chloride solution, and concentrated hydrochloric acid.
• 🦺 Always wear lab goggles and take precautions when handling concentrated hydrochloric acid (12 M HCl) to avoid skin contact.
• 💧 Use a pipette with markings to accurately measure between 2 to 3 milliliters of saturated sodium chloride solution.
• 🔍 Observe the saturated sodium chloride solution for solid sodium chloride at the bottom, indicating saturation.
• 🚰 Be careful to transfer only the liquid from the saturated solution, avoiding any solids.
• ✨ Note that the transferred sodium chloride solution should be clear and colorless, with no visible solids.
• 💧 Add between 2 to 3 drops of 12 M hydrochloric acid to the saturated sodium chloride solution.
• 🔄 Swirl the mixture gently after adding hydrochloric acid to facilitate interaction.
• 👀 Observe closely for any formation of precipitate or solids after mixing the solutions.
• ⏳ Allow some time for observation to see if any solids settle at the bottom of the test tube.

Q & A

What materials are required for the experiment?

You will need a clean and dry test tube, a test tube holder, a plastic pipette, a saturated sodium chloride solution, and a 12 molar hydrochloric acid solution.

What safety precautions should be taken during the experiment?

Always wear lab goggles and wash any skin contact immediately if you come into contact with hydrochloric acid, as it is a highly concentrated and corrosive substance.

How should the saturated sodium chloride solution be measured?

Using the pipette, transfer between 2-3 milliliters of the saturated sodium chloride solution into the test tube, filling the pipette to the 1 milliliter mark three times.

Why is it important to avoid transferring solids from the sodium chloride solution?

The presence of solid sodium chloride at the bottom indicates that the solution is saturated, and transferring solids would compromise the experiment's accuracy.

What should the appearance of the saturated sodium chloride solution be?

The solution should be clear and colorless, with no visible solids.

How should the hydrochloric acid be added to the solution?

Add between 2-3 drops of the 12 molar hydrochloric acid directly from the bottle or using a separate clean pipette.

What should you observe after adding hydrochloric acid to the sodium chloride solution?

Look closely for any precipitate or solids forming after mixing, and observe if any solids settle at the bottom of the solution.

What is indicated by the formation of a white solid precipitate?

The formation of a white solid precipitate indicates that a chemical reaction has occurred between the hydrochloric acid and the sodium chloride solution.

What does the term 'saturated' refer to in the context of the sodium chloride solution?

A saturated solution refers to a solution in which no more solute (sodium chloride) can dissolve in the solvent (water) at a given temperature, leading to undissolved solids at the bottom.

Why is it important to note the clarity and color of the solutions during the experiment?

Observing the clarity and color helps to verify that the solutions are properly prepared and that no unwanted solids or impurities are present before conducting the experiment.