Sejarah Awal Terbentuknya Pemerintahan Dan NKRI | Pelajaran Sejarah Kelas 11

Chika Fransisca

1 Feb 202106:18

Summary

TLDRThis video script discusses the formation of the Indonesian government post-independence in 1945. It highlights the establishment of the PPKI, which prepared the groundwork for the new nation, including the creation of the 1945 Constitution, the appointment of Sukarno as President, and Hatta as Vice President. The script also covers the formation of the KNIP, the inception of the PNI political party, and the BKR security force, which later became the TNI. Additionally, it touches on the support from regional sultanates and the challenges faced by the young republic, emphasizing the resilience and unity that helped shape modern Indonesia.

Takeaways

😀 Indonesia declared its independence on August 17, 1945, marking the beginning of its journey as a sovereign nation.
🏛️ The first significant step post-independence was the formation of the Indonesian government, highlighting the country's commitment to establishing a stable political structure.
📜 The establishment of the 'Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia' (PPKI) was crucial for preparing the groundwork for the new nation, including drafting the constitution and organizing government structures.
🏢 The first session of PPKI on August 18, 1945, resulted in the confirmation of the 'Undang-Undang Dasar 1945', Indonesia's foundational legal document, and the election of Soekarno as President and Mohammad Hatta as Vice President.
🔄 The second session of PPKI on August 19, 1945, led to the creation of 12 ministries and the division of Indonesia into eight provinces, demonstrating the early efforts to organize the country's administrative divisions.
🛡️ The third session of PPKI on August 22, 1945, focused on forming the 'Komite Nasional Indonesia Pusat' (KNIP) to assist the President and the establishment of the 'Partai Nasional Indonesia' (PNI) to foster a sovereign, prosperous, and just nation.
👮‍♂️ The formation of the 'Badan Keamanan Rakyat' (BKR), which later became the basis for the Indonesian National Army (TNI), emphasized the importance of maintaining security and order during the nation's formative years.
🌟 The 'Rapat Raksasa di Lapangan Ikada' on September 19, 1945, was a pivotal event where Soekarno's speech underscored the determination to uphold Indonesian independence and called for the people's support and discipline.
🤝 The support from regional rulers, such as the Sultanate of Yogyakarta and the Sultanate of Siak, was instrumental in bolstering the legitimacy and strength of the Republic of Indonesia's government.
🌐 Despite internal and external challenges, the early Indonesian government navigated through difficult times, laying the foundation for the country's enduring presence on the global stage.

Q & A

What was the main topic discussed in the video?
-The main topic discussed in the video is the formation of the Indonesian government and the establishment of the Republic of Indonesia.
What is PPKI and what was its role after Indonesia's independence?
-PPKI stands for Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia, or the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence. Its role after Indonesia's independence was to prepare various aspects related to the formation of the nation.
What was the first point discussed in the first PPKI meeting on August 18, 1945?
-The first point discussed in the first PPKI meeting was to establish and confirm the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, which later became known as the 1945 Constitution.
Who were elected as the President and Vice President of Indonesia during the first PPKI meeting?
-During the first PPKI meeting, Ir. Soekarno was elected as the President and Mohammad Hatta as the Vice President of Indonesia.
What was the purpose of forming the Komite Nasional (National Committee)?
-The Komite Nasional was formed to assist and advise the President of Indonesia.
What was the main point discussed in the second PPKI meeting on August 19, 1945?
-The main points discussed in the second PPKI meeting included determining the 12 ministries in the government and dividing the Republic of Indonesia into eight provinces.
What was the purpose of forming the Partai Nasional Indonesia (PNI)?
-The PNI, or National Party of Indonesia, was formed with the aim of realizing Indonesia as a sovereign, just, and prosperous nation based on the sovereignty of the people.
What was the role of Badan Keamanan Rakyat (BKR) and how did it relate to the TNI?
-Badan Keamanan Rakyat (BKR) was tasked with maintaining security and order in the regions. It became the foundation for the TNI, the Indonesian National Army.
What was the significance of the meeting held at the Ikada field in Jakarta on September 19, 1945?
-The meeting at the Ikada field was significant as it was a form of protest against the rejection of Indonesian independence by some countries, including Japan. It was an opportunity for Soekarno to deliver a speech emphasizing the nation's commitment to independence.
What was the main message conveyed by Soekarno in his speech at the Ikada field?
-Soekarno's speech emphasized the Indonesian nation's determination to defend its independence, called for the support and trust of the people in the Republic of Indonesia's government, and urged the people to disperse peacefully to avoid bloodshed.
How did regional leaders, such as the Sultanates, show their support for the Republic of Indonesia after its declaration of independence?
-Regional leaders, including the Sultanates that were still standing within the Republic of Indonesia, declared their support for the Indonesian government. The Sultanate of Yogyakarta was the first to support the Republic of Indonesia through a declaration on September 5, 1945.

Outlines

00:00

🇮🇩 Formation of Early Indonesian Government

The video script discusses the inception of the Indonesian government following the proclamation of independence on August 17, 1945. It highlights the establishment of the Indonesian administration and the formation of the country's foundational structures. The first meeting of the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence (PPKI) is mentioned, which was chaired by Soekarno and resulted in the establishment of the 1945 Constitution. The script also covers the selection of Soekarno as President and Mohammad Hatta as Vice President, thus adopting a presidential system. Further, it discusses the formation of the National Committee and the division of Indonesia into provinces. The script also touches on the creation of the People's Security Body (BKR), which later became the basis for the Indonesian National Army (TNI). The video emphasizes the importance of these early governmental structures in ensuring the nation's stability and sovereignty.

05:01

🏰 Support from Sultanates for Indonesian Republic

This paragraph of the script focuses on the support received by the Indonesian Republic from various sultanates following its declaration of independence. It specifically mentions the Sultanate of Yogyakarta, which was the first to support the Republic through a declaration on September 5, 1945. The script also acknowledges the ongoing internal and external challenges faced by the young Indonesian government, emphasizing the resilience and determination of the nation's leadership during this critical period. The video concludes by expressing gratitude to the viewers, encouraging them to subscribe, like, comment, and share the video, and ends with a traditional Islamic farewell.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Proclamation of Independence

The Proclamation of Independence refers to the formal declaration that a country is independent from its former ruler or government. In the context of the video, it is mentioned that Indonesia successfully declared its independence on August 17, 1945, marking the birth of the Indonesian nation. This event is central to the video's theme as it sets the stage for the subsequent formation of the Indonesian government.

💡PPKI

PPKI stands for 'Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia' or 'Preparation Committee for Indonesian Independence'. It was a body tasked with preparing for the establishment of the Indonesian state after the declaration of independence. The video mentions that despite Indonesia's independence, the PPKI continued its work, including setting up the country's foundational laws and choosing leaders, which is crucial to understanding the early stages of the Indonesian government.

💡Soekarno

Soekarno, referred to as 'Insinyur Soekarno' in the script, was a founding father of Indonesia and its first president. His role in leading the PPKI meetings and being elected as the president is highlighted in the video, illustrating his pivotal position in the formation of the Indonesian government and the country's struggle for independence.

💡Hatta

Mohammad Hatta was another key figure in Indonesia's independence, serving as the country's first vice president. His election, alongside Soekarno's as president, is mentioned in the script, emphasizing the leadership structure that was established to guide the newly independent nation.

💡Presidencial System

A presidencial system is a form of government where the president serves as both the head of state and government, with executive powers. The video explains that Indonesia adopted this system, with Soekarno as president and Hatta as vice president, indicating the structure of governance that was put in place post-independence.

💡Komite Nasional

Komite Nasional, or the National Committee, was formed to assist the president, as mentioned in the script. It served as an advisory body to the president, demonstrating the administrative support structure that was created to help govern the new nation.

💡Partai Nasional Indonesia

Partai Nasional Indonesia, or the Indonesian National Party, was established with the goal of realizing an independent, just, and prosperous Indonesia. Its formation is discussed in the video as part of the efforts to consolidate the nation's sovereignty and improve the welfare of its people.

💡Badan Keamanan Rakyat

Badan Keamanan Rakyat, or People's Security Body, was tasked with maintaining security and order in the regions, as highlighted in the script. It became the foundation of the TNI, the Indonesian National Army, showing the early efforts to secure the country's stability and safety.

💡Rapat Raksasa di Lapangan Ikanada

Rapat Raksasa di Lapangan Ikanada, or the Giant Meeting at Ikanada Field, was a significant event where Soekarno delivered a speech to rally support for the Indonesian government. The video mentions this event to illustrate the direct engagement of the government with the people, which was crucial for building trust and support for the new nation.

💡Kesultanan

Kesultanan refers to the traditional Indonesian sultanates that existed during the time of the Republic of Indonesia's formation. The video notes that some sultanates, like Yogyakarta and Siak, declared their support for the Indonesian government, indicating the unity and support from various regions and traditional authorities for the new republic.

💡TNI

TNI stands for Tentara Nasional Indonesia, or the Indonesian National Army. The video mentions that the Badan Keamanan Rakyat was the precursor to the TNI, highlighting the development of the country's military forces as part of the nation-building process.

Highlights

Introduction to the formation of the Indonesian government and its enduring principles.

The establishment of the Indonesian government post-proclamation of independence on 17-8-1945.

Formation of the PPKI (Preparation Committee for Indonesian Independence).

The role of PPKI in preparing the foundation of the Indonesian state.

First PPKI meeting on 18-08-1945, confirming the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.

Election of Soekarno as President and Mohammad Hatta as Vice President.

Introduction of the presidential system of government in Indonesia.

Formation of the National Committee to assist the President.

Second PPKI meeting on 19-08-1945, establishing 12 ministries and dividing Indonesia into eight provinces.

Third PPKI meeting on 22 August 1945, forming the Central Indonesian National Committee (KNIP).

Creation of the National Party of Indonesia (PNI) to realize a sovereign, prosperous, and just NKRI.

Establishment of the People's Security Body (BKR), precursor to the Indonesian National Army (TNI).

Rejection of Indonesian independence by some countries, including Japan, leading to the Ikada meeting.

Soekarno's speech at the Ikada meeting, emphasizing the determination to maintain independence.

Call for the people's support and trust in the Republic of Indonesia's government.

Demand for the people to disperse peacefully to avoid bloodshed.

Direct government interaction with the people to strengthen national unity.

Support from regional sultanates for the Republic of Indonesia's government.

Yogyakarta Sultanate's support for the Republic of Indonesia, marking a significant regional endorsement.

The ongoing struggle for Indonesia's independence despite internal and external challenges.

The resilience of the first Indonesian government in overcoming difficult times.

Closing remarks and call to action for viewers to engage with the video content.