DevOps Tutorials | Kubernetes cluster backup and restore with Velero - Kubernetes cluster backup
Summary
TLDRThis video discusses Valero, a backup and restore tool for Kubernetes clusters. It emphasizes the importance of backups for disaster recovery and data preservation, regardless of a cluster's resilience. The presenter introduces Valero, which utilizes cloud providers' block storage snapshot features to snapshot persistent volumes and restore cluster objects. The video covers backup strategies, including full backups and namespace-specific backups, and demonstrates how to install Valero, take backups, and restore from backups. It also shows a practical scenario where a namespace is deleted and then recovered using Valero.
Takeaways
- 😀 Kubernetes backup is crucial for disaster recovery and maintaining data integrity.
- 🛠 Valero is a backup tool for Kubernetes clusters that leverages cloud providers' block storage snapshot features.
- 📈 Valero supports full backups, namespace-specific backups, and resource type backups, offering flexibility in backup strategies.
- ⏰ Backups can be scheduled to run periodically, ensuring ongoing data protection.
- 🔍 Valero is useful for recovering from disasters, such as accidental namespace deletions or failed Kubernetes API upgrades.
- 🔄 It facilitates environment replication and major updates, such as moving from development to production.
- 💾 Backups include both Kubernetes state (etcd) and application data on persistent volumes.
- 📋 Prerequisites for using Valero include a running Kubernetes cluster and the installation of the Valero tool.
- 🔧 The Valero client and server must be installed, and the server should be running to perform backup and restore operations.
- 🔄 The process of restoring a deleted namespace demonstrates Valero's ability to recover from data loss scenarios.
Q & A
What is the importance of backup in Kubernetes?
-Backup in Kubernetes is crucial for disaster recovery and ensuring data integrity. It allows you to restore your cluster objects and persistent volumes to a previous state in case of failures, data loss, or accidental deletions.
Why is it essential to have a backup and disaster recovery plan for Kubernetes clusters?
-A backup and disaster recovery plan are essential to recover from catastrophic events, such as accidental deletions, cluster failures, or network issues, and to maintain the availability and resilience of your applications.
What is Valero and how does it relate to Kubernetes backup?
-Valero is a backup tool for Kubernetes clusters that takes snapshots of your clusters' persistent volumes using cloud providers' block storage snapshot features. It allows you to perform full backups or backups of specific namespaces or resource types.
Can Valero be used for periodic backups in Kubernetes?
-Yes, Valero can be used to schedule backups to be executed periodically, providing a flexible approach to backup strategies depending on the needs of the environment.
What are some scenarios where backup and recovery in Kubernetes are necessary?
-Backup and recovery in Kubernetes are necessary in scenarios such as accidental namespace deletion, failed Kubernetes API upgrades, network outages, or when replicating environments from development to production.
What are the prerequisites for using Valero to backup a Kubernetes cluster?
-The prerequisites for using Valero include having a running Kubernetes cluster and installing the Valero tool in your environment.
How can one verify if a backup taken by Valero has been completed successfully?
-To verify if a Valero backup has been completed, you can use the command `velero backup describe <backup-name>` which will show the details including the completion status, start time, and expiry date of the backup.
What happens if a namespace is accidentally deleted in a Kubernetes cluster?
-If a namespace is accidentally deleted, it can lead to loss of services and deployments within that namespace. However, with Valero, you can restore the deleted namespace and its resources from a previously taken backup.
How does Valero help in recovering from a disaster in a Kubernetes cluster?
-Valero helps in disaster recovery by allowing you to restore your cluster to a previous state using the snapshots taken during the backup process. This can be done by issuing a restore command with the specific backup name.
What are the steps to restore a Kubernetes cluster using Valero after a disaster?
-To restore a Kubernetes cluster using Valero, you first ensure Valero is installed and running, then use the command `velero restore create --from-backup <backup-name>` to initiate the restore process, and finally verify the restoration by checking the restored resources.
Outlines
🔒 Importance of Backup in Kubernetes
The speaker introduces the topic of backup and restore tools in Kubernetes, emphasizing the necessity of backing up data before going to production. They highlight the importance of having a solid backup and disaster recovery plan, regardless of the cluster's resilience. The tool 'Velero' is introduced as a solution for backing up Kubernetes clusters, which takes snapshots of persistent volumes using cloud providers' block storage snapshot features. The speaker also discusses the different types of backups one can perform with Velero, such as full backups or backups of specific namespaces or resource types, and the flexibility to schedule backups.
🛠 Setting Up and Using Velero
The speaker provides a step-by-step guide on how to set up and use Velero. They begin by pulling down the Velero GitHub repository and installing the Velero client. The process involves downloading the Velero server, dealing with errors that arise during installation, and ensuring that the prerequisites for backup are met, such as having a running cluster and Velero installed. The speaker also mentions the documentation available on the Velero website for further guidance on installation and backup procedures.
🚀 Deploying an Application and Taking a Backup
After successfully installing Velero, the speaker proceeds to deploy an Nginx application within the Kubernetes cluster. They demonstrate how to check the deployment status and ensure that Velero and the Nginx application are both deployed correctly. The speaker then walks through the process of taking a backup using the 'velero backup create' command, explaining how to verify the completion and details of the backup.
🔄 Simulating Disaster and Restoring from Backup
The speaker simulates a disaster scenario by deleting a namespace that contains the Nginx application. They demonstrate how to delete the namespace using 'kubectl delete namespace' and verify that the services and deployments are gone. After the deletion, the speaker shows how to restore the deleted namespace and its resources using Velero's 'restore create' command. They verify the restoration by checking the namespace and services, confirming that the cluster has been successfully restored from the backup.
🏁 Conclusion
The final paragraph is a brief conclusion or a placeholder indicating the end of the discussion. It does not contain any content, but it signifies the completion of the video script.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Valero
💡Kubernetes
💡Backup
💡Disaster Recovery
💡Persistent Volume
💡Namespace
💡Snapshot
💡Cluster Migration
💡Deployment
💡Data Integrity
Highlights
Valero is a backup and restore tool used in Kubernetes environments.
Backup is crucial for data and cluster security in production environments.
Regardless of cluster resilience, a solid backup and disaster recovery plan are essential.
Valero takes snapshots of Kubernetes clusters' persistent volumes using cloud provider features.
Valero supports full backups, namespace-specific backups, and scheduled backups.
Backups are necessary for disaster recovery, accidental deletions, and API upgrade failures.
Backups are also important for environment replication and major updates.
Backups should include Kubernetes state, persistent volumes, and application data.
Prerequisites for backup include an up-and-running cluster and the installation of Valero.
Valero's GitHub repository provides installation instructions and use cases.
The video demonstrates how to download, install, and verify Valero.
The process of deploying an Nginx application in Kubernetes is shown.
A step-by-step guide on how to take a backup of Kubernetes resources using Valero.
Demonstration of deleting a namespace to simulate a disaster scenario.
Restoring a deleted namespace using Valero to showcase the recovery process.
Verification of successful restoration by checking the restored namespace and services.
Transcripts
in this video I'm going to talk about
the Valero one of the backup
and restore tools which we are using in
kubernetes so um uh we know
um whenever you work in any environments
we always talk about the backup right we
always take to whether we have taken the
backup of our data or not so
so uh whenever you go to the Productions
we always take the backup of your data
or the cluster so here you know in this
kubernetes backup are also important
okay so it's very important to take the
back up before going to the Productions
or any any other environments data is
very important so uh it's not uh it's no
matter how highly available or resilient
your kubernetes cluster is it is
important to have a solid backup and you
store plan and just Disaster Recovery
plan okay so uh that's why I uh going to
talk about here one of the tool okay
that's called uh
Bolero for backup in the store for our
applications okay so uh we are going to
uh The Tool uh let's uh talk about what
about the tool is doing okay so Valero
has become one of the backup tools for
kubernetes cluster nowadays because uh
this is one of for the cnca project and
uh it's a takes the snapshot of your
clusters
persistent volume uh using one of your
uh Cloud providers block storage
snapshot features and uh later you can
restore your cluster objects and
persistent volumes to a previous state
basically and so so uh you can use
Valero to perform full backups full
backups or you can backups of some of
the name space age or resource types or
can be scheduled backup to execute them
periodically so it depends how means or
what kind of backup you want to take
whether the name space or you want to
critically take so it's all depends on
up to you okay but why we want to take
that back up the Clusters Okay so
backup you know right so where why you
need a backup and Recovery mechanism
cluster let's suppose something goes
wrong so to recover from the disaster or
someone accidentally uh let's suppose
delete it the name space or your
kubernetes API upgrade failed and you
have to revert back your network went
down now your cluster is not reachable
um
or any Mutual disasters happen right so
that's why to recover from the that
states the backup is important okay
also when you replicate the environments
uh from development to staging or
um whenever you doing the major update
upgrade from um tape to acceptance or
Productions you take the backup position
or when you are doing the migration of
kubernetes clusters from one environment
to another environments Okay so what are
the things you take the backup here
okay so when you talk about the backup
basically uh
so when you talk about the backup two
things you need to backup kubernetes
stores uh in a state in its City so uh
basically it just stores the master its
City and relevant certificate which we
should be backed up okay and then the
application data okay it's a
also
yeah
yeah it's also uh take the backup of
your application data persistent volume
uh because in let's suppose you will be
having the any application running your
clusters and uh uh if your cluster goes
down or it's not reachable it's very
important to have the backup people
applications right so
um yeah so
what is the prerequisites uh to have the
backup your cluster should be up and
running okay and uh you have to install
uh the Valero in your environment so so
uh you can go to the Valero site here
okay Valero dot IO and you can see the
use cases here Disaster Recovery cluster
migrations backup reference so these are
the use cases this have also explained
about how you can do the installations
how you can took the backup everything
is has been um explained here in this
page so you can go and uh
uh read about this document so uh this
uh web page uh let's go uh to the demo
uh how we can take the backup how you
restores we will also see one scenario
wherever I will uh I will uh delete some
namespace or cluster and how I will
recover that so so uh let's uh start
yeah so uh I'm going to start the lab
here so first what I will do I will uh
uh pull down the Valero GitHub repo okay
um to start so I have also prepared uh
the document here uh how to take backup
migrate our uh
kubernetes clusters I have prepared here
okay so I will basically follow the
steps I have written down the all the
commands here
I have also written here so let's uh
first uh
clone the
apto Valero
okay so what we'll do uh it will pull
down the value of GitHub repo okay uh
yeah once it is done
um you what you have to do you have to
download and install the uh your client
here okay so
you can
download and install the Valero client
from here
okay
so uh once it's done uh we will check
the version of our value which
installed in this
cluster okay so let's uh
first download it
once it is downloaded
then
we will extract this top file here
meanwhile I will go and copy this
command
yeah now it will take some time because
it's a very big file
uh you can
go and refer this is the uh
Valero GitHub project okay so uh you saw
right I I
downloaded or pulled this GitHub project
github.com here
so this is the project which I uh
downloaded uh in my local in my cluster
basically okay so
um it is downloaded okay so now you
extract it okay
so once it is done I will add Valor
directory to uh the path okay
so let's wait for some time and
let's go back
and
copy this
yeah so it is done
extracted
Okay so
you can see we are getting some error
here okay uh because why I'm getting
this error uh because uh this Valero is
not started yet okay
um so we will start that we will create
the Valerio specific credential file
here first
okay so let's do it here
it's done then we will start the server
here
we will uh get all the steps on the
Valero web page okay
and
let's see again I'm getting the error
let's see how can I uh
solve this one okay it's something I
have missed okay so I have not installed
the fellow A8 so let's install it now
I got I have just installed the client
now I am installing the server
so uh once it is done you can see this
uh deployment Valero created Valero is
installed so when you now run the Valero
version
it should now keep
the W details about your version So
currently we are getting version one one
zero so uh uh now you will not get any
error because your Valero is installed
you can see here showing this Valero is
installed
okay so what next to what I'm going to
do uh once uh this Valero is installed
um say our main purpose uh okay again
I'm getting some error why waiting for
server status request to process
wait
uh sometimes it takes time yeah so I
think it will show it should work
uh time weight okay so what I will do I
will uh again install this uh sometimes
uh
um we Face ratio
so let's see
yes so you see uh now I got the client
and server detail so don't worry uh when
you get uh this type of error uh again
you install uh the Bell Arrow okay so
we'll
um because I I faced this issue before
so I know um how to solve this so you
can do the similar things here now what
I'm going to do here now I'm going to
uh deploy here one nginx application uh
in my cluster
yeah so if you go and see uh Cube CTL
get
deployments you see there is no resource
so what I am going to do I am going to
deploy one um
application nginx applications
why it's not
Okay so
deployments
why it's not showing
keeps it will get the comments
where is it installed in space okay so
basically it's uh deployed in nginx
hyphen
um example name space so what I will do
I will go to
and in x
okay so you see uh
there is even application named nginx
iPhone deployment is deployed here you
can also uh see what are the namespace
is available here so Cube CTL get NS so
this is the one which uh uh and the next
application is deployed in this name
space and this is the Valero or name
space so where your Valero is installed
okay so what I'm going to do next uh we
already checked that your Valero and
nginx is deployed okay
um you can
also check using this command here
so
you see value is deployed also okay what
I am going to next uh we also checked
our nginx is deployed
um
here we already checked this now we will
uh take the uh backup okay so uh once uh
Valero and nginx deployment is
successfully created what I'm going to
backup our resources okay so to take the
backup of our resources this is a
command where a row backup create nginx
iPhone backup so let's go
okay so what you see here it's saying
there's Valero request nginx backup
submitted successfully and uh you can
describe this command uh to see more
about uh uh what
is backed up here okay so you can see
yeah yeah with this command you can
verify if the backup has been completed
or not so you can see it's showing that
it's it's completed so your backup is
completed uh it will show you the date
and time or what time it will um started
what are the expiration day expiry date
so all these things uh you can see here
okay so what I will do now
um we have taken the backup everything
now we will delete the namespace okay so
that's our purpose right we want to
check whether we are able to uh recover
our
like uh
cluster or not right so what one in this
example I am going to uh do some
disasters like I'm going to uh delete
one name space so you know right we have
um namespace
uh called nginx hyphen example where our
nginx application is deployed right so
what I'm going to do so we will going to
delete now this so the command is Cube
CTL
um delete command here
you can also type
um if you are so fast Cube CTL
uh Delete
namespace
and then your name is this name
so what's our name space name name space
name is nginx hyphen example let's do
copy and paste here
Okay so
it will get deleted in some time
uh okay so once it is deleted we will uh
check that and the next service and
deployment are gone right so
okay
so how will you check that so it's very
simple again Cube CTL get deployment and
this name space right
so let's verify that
it's saying that sorry it's so my
mistake I have in the wrong command here
okay so no this was found because uh why
because I have already deleted right so
what I will do now I have to recover I
have already taken the backup of this so
I I can um easily um restore this right
so you will also give verify the
services so everything is deleted you
you go up obviously we have deleted the
uh name space so we'll not find anything
in this particular name space so what
I'm going to do I will uh restore
uh the
cluster okay so how will you do this uh
uh command first we also check this view
uh verify everything
yes nothing is there
okay so nothing is there
so this is the command to restore so I'm
going to uh uh restore here
so how will you restore the command is
Valero restore create hyphen iPhone from
backup and the backup name this is the
name of the backup right so what you see
here uh restore request submitted
successfully uh run Valero restore
describe all these things so let's do uh
we will see
verify that it's a restore or not first
okay
so it's saying completed so now next uh
run the command
restore get
okay
okay so you can see it's uh restored
completed zero warning zero errors and
now we restore so we can go and check
whether our name space is back or not
okay so uh I will quickly go and then
qctl
get NS
so you see name nginx example is back
here okay
yes so this is the service okay this
service is available here
now
Cube CTL get already we got this name
space yeah so we verify that we restored
our cluster here okay uh we just wrote
the name space here so it's it's very
simple ah
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