Chapter 1.3A Introduction to Personality - Theories of Personality - Psychoanalytic Perspective

Summary

This educational video delves into the psychoanalytic perspective of personality, highlighting the influence of childhood and the unconscious mind. It features renowned psychologists Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud, exploring Jung's archetypes like the persona, shadow, anima/animus, and the self. Freud's emphasis on the unconscious and his psychosexual stages of development are also discussed. The video concludes with an introduction to psychological defense mechanisms, such as denial, projection, and sublimation, which protect us from anxiety. The next installment will cover the humanistic perspective.

Takeaways

• 📚 The class is continuing the discussion on 'Introduction to Personality' from Chapter One.
• 🔍 The focus of the video is on the 'Psychoanalytic Perspective' as the first of four personality theories.
• 👶 The psychoanalytic perspective emphasizes the impact of childhood experiences and the unconscious mind on personality development.
• 🧐 Carl Jung is highlighted for his work on archetypes, which are universal models of behavior that influence human actions.
• 🎭 Jung identified five major archetypes of personality: Persona, Shadow, Anima/Animus, Self, and also seven additional archetypes.
• 🤔 Jung's concept suggests that what we find irritating in others can lead to self-understanding.
• 🧐 Sigmund Freud's theories are also discussed, with an emphasis on the unconscious mind and its role in shaping personality.
• ⛰ Freud's model of personality includes three structures: the Id, Ego, and Superego, developed during different psychosexual stages.
• 🛡️ Psychological defense mechanisms are strategies to protect ourselves from anxiety, including denial, rationalization, projection, and more.
• 🔑 The video concludes with an introduction to ten psychological defense mechanisms, crucial for understanding how the mind copes with stress and anxiety.
• 🌟 The next video will cover the 'Humanistic Perspective', the second theory of personality.

Q & A

What is the focus of the video script?

The video script focuses on discussing the psychoanalytic perspective as part of the third lesson on the introduction to personality in psychology.

What are the four main theories of personality mentioned in the script?

The four main theories of personality mentioned are the psychoanalytic perspective, humanistic perspective, social cognitive perspective, and trait perspective.

Who are the two psychologists primarily discussed in the psychoanalytic perspective section of the script?

The two psychologists primarily discussed are Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud.

What is the significance of archetypes in Carl Jung's theory of personality?

In Carl Jung's theory, archetypes are universal, inborn models of behavior or personalities that influence human behavior and are central to understanding personality.

How many major personality archetypes did Carl Jung identify?

Carl Jung identified five major personality archetypes: Persona, Shadow, Anima/Animus, and the Self.

What does the term 'Persona' represent in Jung's theory?

In Jung's theory, the 'Persona' represents the public personality or the different social masks that we wear in various groups and situations.

What is the 'Shadow' archetype according to Carl Jung?

The 'Shadow' archetype in Jung's theory is the dark side of our personality, containing the aspects of ourselves that we dislike or consider negative.

What are the three structures of personality identified by Sigmund Freud?

Sigmund Freud identified three structures of personality: the Id, the Ego, and the Superego.

What is the concept of 'Psychosexual stages' in Freud's theory?

In Freud's theory, 'Psychosexual stages' refer to the five stages of development (oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital) that are linked to the importance of the unconscious and the development of personality.

What are 'Psychological defense mechanisms' as discussed in the script?

Psychological defense mechanisms are strategies that we use unconsciously to protect ourselves from anxiety arising from unacceptable thoughts or feelings.

Can you name any of the ten psychological defense mechanisms mentioned in the script?

Some of the psychological defense mechanisms mentioned in the script include denial, rationalization, projection, reaction formation, displacement, regression, identification, compensation, and sublimation.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to Personality Theories

This paragraph introduces the topic of personality theories, specifically focusing on the psychoanalytic perspective. It mentions the importance of childhood experiences and the unconscious mind in shaping personality. The paragraph highlights two renowned psychologists, Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud, and their contributions to the field. Carl Jung's concept of archetypes, including the persona, shadow, anima/animus, and self, is discussed, illustrating how these universal models influence human behavior. Additionally, Jung's identification of twelve more archetypes is briefly noted.

05:02

🧠 Freud's Psychoanalytic Structures and Stages

This paragraph delves into Sigmund Freud's theories, emphasizing the unconscious mind's role and comparing it to an iceberg, with the majority of it hidden beneath the surface. Freud's structural model of the mind, consisting of the id, ego, and superego, is introduced, explaining how these structures develop during different stages of life. The paragraph also outlines Freud's psychosexual stages of development, including the oral, anal, phallic, latent, and genital stages, and discusses the significance of these stages in personality formation.

10:22

🛡️ Psychological Defense Mechanisms

The third paragraph explores psychological defense mechanisms, strategies the mind uses unconsciously to protect itself from anxiety caused by unacceptable thoughts or feelings. The discussion begins with denial, repression, and rationalization as the first three mechanisms. It continues with projection, reaction formation, displacement, regression, and then concludes with identification, compensation, and sublimation. Each mechanism is briefly explained with examples or descriptions of how they function to cope with stress or anxiety.

15:38

🌟 Recap and Preview of Upcoming Content

The final paragraph serves as a recap of the discussed content and a preview of what will be covered in the next video. It summarizes the key points about personality theories, specifically the psychoanalytic perspective, and the various psychological defense mechanisms. The teacher also invites students to ask questions through comments or private messages and announces that the humanistic perspective will be the focus of the next lesson.

Keywords

💡Personality

Personality refers to the unique set of characteristics that form an individual's behavior and thoughts. In the video, it is the central theme, with the script discussing various theories that attempt to explain and understand the nature and development of personality. The theories mentioned, such as psychoanalytic and humanistic perspectives, offer different insights into how personality is shaped.

💡Psychoanalytic Perspective

The psychoanalytic perspective is a psychological theory that emphasizes the influence of unconscious mental processes on behavior. In the script, it is the first theory discussed, highlighting the importance of childhood experiences and the unconscious mind in shaping personality. Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung are mentioned as key figures in this perspective.

💡Carl Jung

Carl Jung was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who contributed significantly to the field of analytical psychology. The script discusses Jung's concept of archetypes, which are universal, inborn models of behavior or personalities that influence human actions. Jung's work is integral to understanding the video's exploration of personality archetypes.

💡Archetypes

Archetypes in Jungian psychology are innate, universal symbols or images that are believed to shape human behavior and personality. The script outlines several archetypes such as the persona, shadow, anima/animus, and self, which are used to explain different aspects of an individual's personality.

💡Persona

The persona is described in the script as the public face that individuals present to the world, encompassing the various social masks that people wear in different situations. It is an archetype that represents how individuals adapt their behavior to fit social norms and expectations.

💡Shadow

The shadow, as mentioned in the script, represents the darker, unconscious aspects of an individual's personality that they may not be aware of or choose to suppress. It includes undesirable traits and instincts that are often hidden from the conscious mind.

💡Anima/Animus

Anima and animus are gender-specific archetypes in Jungian psychology. The anima is the feminine image in the male psyche, while the animus is the male image in the female psyche. The script explains that these archetypes represent the true self, as opposed to the persona that is presented to the outside world.

💡Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud is one of the most well-known psychologists and the founder of psychoanalysis. The script discusses Freud's focus on the importance of the unconscious mind, his theory of psychosexual stages, and the structures of personality, such as the id, ego, and superego.

💡Psychosexual Stages

Freud's psychosexual stages are developmental phases that individuals go through, each associated with a different erogenous zone and psychological challenges. The script mentions stages such as the oral, phallic, and latency stages, which are crucial for understanding Freud's view on personality development.

💡Defense Mechanisms

Psychological defense mechanisms are strategies that individuals unconsciously use to protect themselves from anxiety caused by unacceptable thoughts or feelings. The script lists and explains ten defense mechanisms, such as denial, projection, and regression, which are key to understanding how the mind copes with internal conflicts.

💡Humanistic Perspective

The humanistic perspective is a psychological approach that emphasizes the individual's personal experiences and potential for self-actualization. Although not detailed in the script, it is mentioned as the next theory to be discussed in the series, suggesting a focus on positive growth and self-improvement in personality development.

Highlights

Introduction to the psychoanalytic perspective on personality, focusing on childhood experiences and the unconscious.

Emphasis on the works of Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud in shaping the psychoanalytic perspective.

Jung's concept of the self as the central archetype of personality.

Explanation of archetypes as universal, inborn models influencing human behavior.

Identification of five major personality archetypes by Carl Jung.

Description of the persona archetype representing social masks we wear.

The shadow archetype as the dark side of our personality.

Anima and animus as the feminine and masculine archetypes in the psyche.

The self archetype symbolizing the wholeness of personality.

Additional personality archetypes identified by Jung, including the father, mother, and child.

Sigmund Freud's focus on the importance of the unconscious mind.

Freud's iceberg analogy for the conscious and unconscious mind.

Freud's identification of three structures of personality: id, ego, and superego.

Overview of Freud's psychosexual stages of development.

Discussion of psychological defense mechanisms and their role in protecting against anxiety.

List of ten psychological defense mechanisms, including denial, rationalization, and projection.

Explanation of reaction formation as a defense mechanism.

Description of displacement, regression, and other defense mechanisms.

Final thoughts on identification, compensation, and sublimation as defense mechanisms.

Anticipation of the next video discussing the humanistic perspective on personality.

Transcripts

hello students and welcome back to our

class

in this video we will continue our

discussion on chapter one

introduction to personality in our last

video we discussed

lesson one definition and basics of

personality

and lesson 2 nature of personality

in this video we will discuss part 1 of

lesson 3

furious of personality we have four

theories of personality

first we have psychoanalytic perspective

second we have humanistic perspective

third a social cognitive perspective and

lastly we have

trait perspective in this video we will

focus on our

first theory of personality which is

psychoanalytic perspective

and psychoanalytic perspective young

psychoanalytic perspective

focuses on our childhood experiences

and the unconscious

when we were a child affects our

behavior as well as our personality

in this perspective we will focus on two

psychologists

carl jung and sigmund freud our first

psychologist

is carl jung to be honest

for two years now i've always thought

it's read as carl jung

where it's carl jung apparently so carl

jung

then you know that everything that

irritates us about

others can lead us to an understanding

of ourselves

what about very profound humongo bagan

we find irritating can actually lead us

to understand ourselves

okay he believed that the self is the

central archetype of our personality

a new archetype archetypes are universal

inborn models of people

behavior or personalities that play a

role in influencing human behavior

at carl's room he was able to identify

five major archetype of personality

anoin obayong5 personality archetypes

nicaraguan

or now we have persona persona

public personality nothing

to the world

represents all the different social

masks that we wear

among various groups and situations

for example your most serious

so that's the mask you wear so in

different set of situations with

different set of people

we wear different set of masks the

second personality archetype

is the shadow the shadow is our dark

side or part of our self that we dislike

sex and other life instincts

those are the things we don't want and

we don't like about ourselves

the third one we have is anime anima

is the female archetype or basically the

feminine image

in the male psyche shampre

if we have feminine archetype metadata

male archetype

and this is what we call animus animus

this is our

male archetype or the male image in the

female psyche

according to carl jung anima and animals

represent the true self rather than the

image we present

to others

personal

[Music]

since we are talking about self self is

actually the last of the five

personality archetype at youngself is

the central

archetype of personality it represents

the wholeness

of aside from the five

major personality archetype carl jung

also identified

identified seven more personality

archetypes

we have the father the mother the child

the wise old man the hero the maiden

and the trickster anonymous

figure powerful according to them

figure the mother and the mind on the

other hand is the nurturing or

comforting archetype the child

is longing for in a sense the wise old

man

is guidance knowledge and wisdom

hero is about champion defender rescuer

maiden is about innocence and the

trickster

is about deceiving the lighter and

the trouble maker to review marquette

and john's

image from different personality

archetype

so we have the persona you know

my lower right comes and

because this is our social personality

it impinates

the world and then we have the shadow

which is

our dark personality human being

about ourself our negative things about

ourselves

negative behavior then we have the anima

and animus which is feminine and male

archetypes respectively and of course we

have the self

which represents the wholeness her

second psychologist

is probably one of the most popular

psychologists

sigmund freud and established a focus on

work

is more of the importance of the

unconscious

the mind is like an iceberg it floats

with one seventh of its bulk above

water you mind nothing

unconscious is just around one seven

at most part nung my nathan is composed

of

the unconscious freud identified

three structures of personality

you can't have it it's not right it's

not the right thing to do in italian

another uh situational example

you have to be respectful of the people

you meet of the people

what to do and would

you guru look at the balance okay

there are five psychosexual stages

according to sigmund freud

okay and the third one we have phallic

sage three to six years old

about our body parts specifically with

our genitals okay

and then the fourth one is the uh latent

stage

sex to puberty inactive individual

we are focused on a lot of things okay

you know focus

usually we learn sports

again there are five ecosexual stages

the oral enal phallic latent and genetic

your ego they develop during the oral

stages

because this is composed of our needs

i want it

because the ego develops as frost

starting from birth

okay super ego develops during the

phallic stage

they say super ego is more of young

social expectations

in absorbing we have to learn those

expectations first

can i develop chad during the phallic

stage path

i it'll favorite koto ah shamanito galen

gay singh moon

in stages of foreign development i just

saw this

internet i i don't really recall assange

specifically but i just find it funny

and really

birth to two years old

three to eight years old

nine to eighteen years old patas and in

grades

19 to 25 years old pada mini high

26 to 35 years old

36 to 45

46 to 55

56 to 70 padam saket

and seventy above pabong living

okay so i just inserted this because

i find it funny now let's proceed with

the psychological defense mechanisms

these are strategies that we use

unconsciously

to protect ourselves from anxiety

arising from unacceptable thoughts

or feelings

our mind works amazing ways

different ways for us to avoid such

situations okay so

internet actually there are different

numbers of psychological defense

mechanism

vincent 12 15 20 but in our class we

will only

focus on the 10 psychological defense

mechanism

so now we have is the nail denial

refusal to recognize a threatening

situation

is pushing threatening situations out of

conscious memory

an example of this would be uh people in

the rain

especially at the young at a young age

all right

the rapist at the young age that boys

when they grow old they don't have a

recollection

[Music]

that your mind actually repressed

that experience of your conscious memory

unconscious part of your mind

okay and the third one we have is

rationalisation

we make up except acceptable excuses for

unacceptable behavior

is

acceptable

rationalization as our first three

psychological defense mechanism

the next two defense a psychological

defense mechanism that we will discuss

our projection

and reaction firmly showing focus

munitaio with projection a new

projection new projection placing one's

own unacceptable thoughts onto others

another example would be if you are

cheating i'm healing is a cheating

example no if you're cheating

[Music]

but in reality you're the one cheating

people

so that's projection on the other hand

we have reaction formation and then when

you reaction for me showing

reaction for me show and condemn

something that has an unconscious appeal

so something more hindi

grabbing again

you form a reaction into something that

feeling momma's acceptable for other

people

okay guidelines reaction or young

opinion

next we have displacement and in this

placement you transfer

emotions or behavior to a lot to another

less threatening

another example

more they are less threatening than your

boy ah than your

boss okay next we have regression

falling back on size like patterns as a

way of coping with stressful situations

your most common example non-regression

baby or they are threatened by the new

babies

family the last three that we have

are identification compensation

and subdivision identification and

omaron

you try to become someone like someone

else to deal with one's anxiety usually

with high school students you want to

belong i almost exclude

so you try to be someone else

to belong to the group okay you try to

identify

with the group next we have compensation

okay trying to make up for areas in

which a lack is perceived by becoming

superior

in some area chambering

academically marines and sports

performing arts so compensation for

example you're not good academically

you will try to focus and exceed consent

which is for example sports so your new

compensation

try to compensate the feeling by

focusing on another in the magalinga

lastly we have sublimation

sublimation is probably something

interesting for me

turning socially unacceptable urges into

socially acceptable behavior

acceptable

so those are five or five or ten

psychological defense mechanism that's

the end of our discussion

in our next video we will discuss our

second

theory of personality which is the

humanistic

perspective thank you for your time

for listening again if you have

questions you may

comment or you can send me private

message

in our group chat or through facebook

thank you and bye class