ANSIEDADE: Reflexões filosóficas - Lúcia Helena Galvão de Nova Acrópole

NOVA ACRÓPOLE BRASIL
26 Jul 201852:21

Summary

TLDRThis philosophical discussion delves into the nature of anxiety, exploring its etymological roots and its impact on human life. It emphasizes the importance of living in the present, valuing intrinsic goals, and understanding that life's journey is more important than the destination. The speaker encourages embracing fear, managing expectations, and developing a strong will to overcome anxiety and live a fulfilling life.

Takeaways

  • 🌟 Anxiety is a universal human experience, often stemming from a fear of the future and a feeling of unpreparedness.
  • 📚 The etymology of 'anxiety' suggests a sense of being squeezed or suffocated, highlighting its connection to distress and a narrow, painful passage.
  • 🛡 Fear can be a motivator rather than a hindrance, pushing us forward rather than holding us back, if we learn to position it correctly in our lives.
  • 🔮 The fear of fear itself, or panic, is often more paralyzing than the fear we experience, indicating a need to manage our psychological responses to fear.
  • 🌱 The relationship between anxiety and expectation is critical, as constant focus on future goals can devalue the present moment and lead to frustration.
  • 🏆 The societal pressure to always strive for more can lead to anxiety, especially when success is tied to external achievements rather than intrinsic values.
  • 🌅 The poem 'Ithaca' by Konstantinos Kaváfis emphasizes the importance of the journey over the destination, suggesting that the process of living is more valuable than the end goal.
  • 🌻 Hope, as opposed to expectation, is a more constructive approach to life, requiring creativity, will, and a focus on the present rather than fantasizing about the future.
  • 🌳 Recognizing and accepting the natural rhythm of life can help combat anxiety by reducing the pressure to constantly achieve and instead embracing each moment.
  • 🌈 The importance of inner life and personal growth is underscored as a means to find happiness and fulfillment, rather than seeking external validation.

Q & A

  • What is the main topic of the discussion in the script?

    -The main topic of the discussion is anxiety, specifically examined from a philosophical perspective.

  • What does the term 'anxiety' etymologically derive from and what does it signify?

    -Anxiety comes from the Latin 'angere', which means to squeeze or to suffocate, signifying a feeling of being constricted or distressed.

  • How does the speaker relate fear to anxiety?

    -The speaker suggests that fear is a natural part of the human experience and should not be seen as something to be eliminated. Instead, it can act as a motivator, pushing us forward, rather than holding us back.

  • What is the speaker's view on the role of expectation in generating anxiety?

    -The speaker views expectation as a significant factor in anxiety, particularly when it is focused on future outcomes rather than the present moment. This can lead to a loss of appreciation for the current experience.

  • How does the speaker describe the relationship between knowledge and intrinsic value?

    -The speaker argues that knowledge, when seen as a means to an end rather than an end in itself, can become a hindrance. He emphasizes the importance of valuing knowledge for its intrinsic value, as it humanizes us and allows us to respond effectively to life.

  • What is the 'intrinsic goal' as discussed in the script?

    -The 'intrinsic goal' refers to the value that something has in itself, not because of what it can lead to. It is about appreciating and engaging with life's moments for their own sake, rather than for what they might bring in the future.

  • How does the speaker connect the poem by Konstantinos Kaváfis to the concept of anxiety?

    -The speaker uses the poem about the journey to Ithaca to illustrate that the value lies in the journey itself, not just the destination. This perspective can help alleviate anxiety by encouraging individuals to savor each moment of their life's journey.

  • What is the difference between 'expectation' and 'hope' as described in the script?

    -Expectation is described as being filled with fantasy and causing anguish, often leading to a state of instability and fear. In contrast, hope is associated with creativity, willpower, and a proactive approach to life, focusing on the present rather than fantasizing about the future.

  • How does the speaker suggest dealing with the fear of failure?

    -The speaker suggests accepting failure as a natural part of life and learning from it. He emphasizes that the value lies in the journey and the lessons learned along the way, rather than solely in the achievement of a goal.

  • What is the speaker's advice on how to live in the present moment and combat anxiety?

    -The speaker advises savoring each moment of life, focusing on the present, and developing an intrinsic interest in activities. He also encourages embracing the natural rhythm of life and maintaining a steady, inexorable pace towards one's goals.

Outlines

00:00

🤔 Philosophical Reflections on Anxiety

The speaker introduces the topic of anxiety from a philosophical perspective, emphasizing its universality and the suffering it causes. They highlight the importance of understanding anxiety not just as a psychological issue, but as a multidisciplinary subject. The speaker also underscores the role of philosophy in providing practical insights and principles for reflection, rather than mere speculation. The etymology of 'anxiety' is explored, linking it to feelings of suffocation and distress, and the speaker suggests that anxiety is a natural part of the human experience that can be managed and transformed.

05:02

🔮 The Role of Expectation in Anxiety

This paragraph delves into the relationship between anxiety and expectation, critiquing the societal emphasis on future-oriented goals as a source of stress. The speaker argues that constant striving for future achievements can devalue the present moment, leading to a sense of emptiness and frustration. They advocate for a focus on intrinsic goals and the value of the present, suggesting that happiness and productivity stem from being fully engaged in the current moment. The speaker also discusses the detrimental effects of nurturing expectations from a young age, which can lead to unnecessary stress and a distorted view of success.

10:04

🌟 Embracing the Journey, Not Just the Destination

The speaker uses the metaphor of Odysseus' journey to Ithaca from Greek mythology to illustrate the importance of valuing the journey over the destination. They emphasize that the richness of life comes from the experiences and lessons gained along the way, rather than the end goal itself. The speaker encourages embracing the process and enjoying each step, suggesting that this approach can alleviate anxiety by focusing on the present and the inherent value of each moment. The poem by Konstantinos Kaváfis about Ithaca is highlighted as a perfect example of this philosophy.

15:05

🌱 The Difference Between Expectation and Hope

In this paragraph, the speaker distinguishes between expectation and hope, critiquing the fantasized nature of expectation that can lead to anxiety and a lack of creativity. They argue that expectation often leads to a state of constant fear and instability, which is detrimental to clear thinking and effective planning. In contrast, hope is portrayed as a more constructive emotion that requires willpower and creativity. The speaker emphasizes the importance of being present and engaged in the current moment, rather than being preoccupied with future outcomes.

20:07

🚫 The Limiting Effects of Anxiety

The speaker discusses how anxiety can limit our perception and ability to engage with the world effectively. They use the example of a person projecting negative expectations onto a situation, leading to self-fulfilling prophecies of failure. The speaker also touches on the societal tendency to equate efficiency with stress, suggesting that this is a misconception that can exacerbate anxiety. They advocate for a more balanced approach to life, where success is not solely defined by external achievements but also by personal growth and learning.

25:08

🏁 Accepting Failure as Part of the Journey

This paragraph focuses on the relationship between anxiety and the fear of failure. The speaker encourages embracing failure as a natural part of the learning process, rather than as a catastrophic outcome. They argue that the anticipation of success and the inability to handle failure can lead to missed opportunities for growth. The speaker shares personal anecdotes to illustrate how being prepared for life's challenges and accepting the possibility of failure can reduce anxiety and lead to a more fulfilling life.

30:08

🌐 The Impact of Society's Anxiety Culture

The speaker explores how societal norms and expectations can contribute to a culture of anxiety. They discuss the pressure to constantly keep up with the latest trends and technologies, which can lead to feelings of inadequacy and stress. The speaker also addresses the media's role in focusing on negative events, which can create a sense of constant crisis and anxiety. They advocate for a more balanced perspective that acknowledges both the challenges and the positive aspects of life.

35:14

🏃‍♂️ Finding Rhythm and Balance in Life

In this paragraph, the speaker emphasizes the importance of finding one's natural rhythm in life to combat anxiety. They discuss the concept of discipline as a means to maintain a high level of consciousness and to act in a way that aligns with one's values and goals. The speaker suggests that by accepting the natural pace of life and focusing on the present moment, individuals can reduce stress and live more fulfilling lives. They also highlight the importance of willpower and the need to train it like a muscle to overcome anxiety.

40:16

🎻 Appreciating the Beauty in Everyday Life

The speaker uses the example of a famous violinist playing in a subway to illustrate how anxiety can cause us to miss the beauty and richness of everyday life. They argue that by being fully present and attentive to the moment, we can appreciate the small wonders that surround us. The speaker encourages embracing the present and developing an inner life that is connected to the needs and opportunities around us, which can lead to a deeper understanding of life and a reduction in anxiety.

45:19

🌱 Embracing Life's Continuous Learning Opportunities

In the final paragraph, the speaker discusses the concept that life is a continuous learning process and that every moment has something to teach us. They argue that anxiety can rob us of the ability to learn and grow from our experiences. The speaker encourages embracing life's challenges and viewing them as opportunities for growth, rather than as obstacles. They also touch on the idea of life as an infinite spiral, suggesting that there is no ultimate destination, and that the focus should be on fully experiencing and appreciating each moment.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Anxiety

Anxiety is a feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease, typically about an imminent event or something with an uncertain outcome. In the video, anxiety is explored from a philosophical perspective, highlighting its pervasive nature and its impact on human life. The script discusses how anxiety can reach pathological levels, causing significant suffering, and emphasizes the importance of understanding and managing it.

💡Etymology

Etymology is the study of the origin of words and the way in which their meanings have changed throughout history. The video begins by examining the etymology of 'anxiety,' tracing it back to the Latin 'angere,' meaning to squeeze or suffocate, and the Proto-Indo-European 'ang,' suggesting a narrow or painful passage. This etymological analysis helps to illustrate the constriction and distress associated with anxiety.

💡Fear

Fear is an emotional response to perceived threats or danger. The script discusses fear in the context of anxiety, suggesting that fear itself is not necessarily negative but can be a signal or a wake-up call. It is the societal positioning of fear and the inability to handle it that often exacerbates anxiety. The video contrasts fear with panic, emphasizing that panic is a more destructive form of fear that paralyzes rather than motivates.

💡Expectation

Expectation refers to a belief or anticipation about what will happen or what someone will do. In the video, expectation is identified as a significant factor contributing to anxiety. The script critiques the focus on future outcomes, arguing that it empties the present moment and generates frustration. It suggests that a more balanced approach to expectation can help alleviate anxiety by fostering a greater appreciation for the present.

💡Intrinsic Goal

An intrinsic goal is a motivation that comes from within an individual, driven by personal values or interests rather than external rewards. The video emphasizes the importance of intrinsic goals in combating anxiety. It argues that valuing the process and the inherent worth of activities, rather than focusing solely on outcomes, can lead to a more fulfilling and less anxiety-ridden life.

💡Categorical Imperative

The categorical imperative is a philosophical concept introduced by Immanuel Kant, which refers to a moral obligation that is unconditional and universally binding. In the context of the video, the categorical imperative is used to illustrate the idea of doing things not for what they can bring but because they are inherently right or necessary. This approach can help in reducing anxiety by focusing on the value of actions in themselves.

💡Hope

Hope is a feeling of expectation and desire for a particular thing to happen. The video distinguishes hope from expectation, suggesting that hope is more constructive and less anxiety-inducing. Hope is portrayed as requiring creativity and willpower, whereas expectation can lead to anxiety by focusing on potential outcomes rather than the process.

💡Ithaca

Ithaca is used metaphorically in the video, referencing the journey of Odysseus in Homer's Odyssey. The script uses the poem by Konstantinos Kaváfis about Ithaca to illustrate the idea that the value lies in the journey, not merely the destination. This perspective encourages a focus on the experiences and lessons gained along the way, rather than just the end goal, which can help mitigate anxiety.

💡Will

Will, in the context of the video, refers to the determination and intention to achieve a goal. The script discusses the importance of developing a strong will as a means to combat anxiety. It suggests that training the 'muscles of will' involves learning to delay gratification, focus on the present, and approach life with a sense of purpose and determination.

💡Natural Rhythm

Natural rhythm refers to the inherent patterns or cycles in nature, such as the changing of seasons or the daily rising and setting of the sun. The video uses the concept of natural rhythm to encourage a balanced and steady approach to life, suggesting that aligning with these rhythms can help reduce anxiety by fostering a sense of harmony and order.

💡Dharma

Dharma, a term originating from Eastern philosophies, generally refers to the moral order of the universe or the proper way of living. In the video, trust in Dharma is presented as a way to alleviate anxiety by providing a sense of purpose and meaning in life. It implies that there is an underlying order and reason to life's events, which can be comforting and reduce feelings of uncertainty and anxiety.

Highlights

Anxiety is a universal human experience that can escalate to a pathological level, causing significant suffering.

The philosophical approach to teaching aims to integrate principles into daily life, rather than merely accumulating information.

The etymology of 'anxiety' reveals its roots in feelings of constriction and distress, akin to suffocation.

Fear is a natural human response, even among great warriors, and should be seen as a signal for caution rather than a stop sign.

Panic, or the fear of fear, often paralyzes us more than the original fear, highlighting the need to manage our psychological responses.

Anxiety is closely linked to pathological fear and the inability to cope with the sensation of fear.

The relationship between anxiety and expectation is explored, noting how constant striving for future goals can deplete the present moment.

The intrinsic goal emphasizes the value of engaging in activities for their own sake, rather than for external rewards.

The poem 'Ithaca' by Konstantinos Kaváfis is highlighted as a metaphor for the journey of life, where the process is more important than the destination.

The distinction between expectation and hope is made, with expectation being a source of anxiety and hope being a driving force.

Anxiety often limits our perception, causing us to see only what we project onto reality, rather than what is truly there.

The societal culture of anxiety is critiqued for its focus on stress and the misconception that stress equates to efficiency.

The importance of learning from mistakes and failures is emphasized, as it enriches our journey and prepares us for future challenges.

The concept of the 'categorical imperative' is introduced, suggesting that actions should be taken because they are inherently right, not for external rewards.

The natural rhythm of life is discussed as a means to combat anxiety, encouraging a balanced and steady approach to living.

The idea that every moment in life is pedagogical and has something to teach us is presented, urging us to embrace learning in every aspect of life.

The final message encourages embracing the present moment and trusting in life's journey, suggesting that the true destination is not a place, but a state of being.

Transcripts

play00:17

Hello, welcome to my home once again, it's an honor to have you.

play00:24

Today our little chat is on a very practical and topical subject: anxiety.

play00:31

Let's look at it from a philosophical perspective.

play00:33

I know that this is a subject on which there is a multidisciplinary team

play00:37

dedicated to studying it, all over the world.

play00:40

Because of the level of suffering it brings to a large part of humanity.

play00:44

I'd even say all of humanity, at some point.

play00:48

We all suffer from anxiety.

play00:50

And sometimes it can reach a pathological level.

play00:53

And then it becomes a factor of great suffering.

play00:57

Now you see, those of you who already follow me know that.

play01:01

I'm a philosophy teacher in the classic way.

play01:04

The idea is that we pass on principles for reflection and experience.

play01:08

To make it practical.

play01:10

It's not just speculation on this subject.

play01:14

Because at the end of the day, we don't live by what we eat,

play01:17

but by what we assimilate.

play01:20

And so it is with teaching.

play01:22

It doesn't add to us when it's simply an accumulation of information.

play01:26

But when it is brought and absorbed into our lives.

play01:29

I hope our chat today brings you something,

play01:33

that's useful, that generates insights.

play01:35

So let's go.

play01:37

Reflections on anxiety,

play01:39

from the point of view of philosophy.

play01:42

I like etymology,

play01:44

anyone who knows me knows that I always start with etymology,

play01:46

I really find this very useful.

play01:48

Knowing what the words mean.

play01:50

Well, anxiety comes from the Latin angere,

play01:53

which means to squeeze, to suffocate.

play01:55

It has a lot to do with breathing, doesn't it?

play01:57

It suffocates us, it distresses us.

play02:00

And before that, it comes from the Proto-Indo-European ang

play02:05

which means narrow or painful.

play02:06

In other words, a narrow and painful passage

play02:09

to something that lies in the future, in the other, in ourselves, in life.

play02:15

Often projected with the idea of the future.

play02:17

Something we will have to confront.

play02:20

And we don't feel prepared for it.

play02:22

And all the pain that comes from that.

play02:24

All the fear that is generated in this process.

play02:27

Good...

play02:29

One of the things we talk about a lot,

play02:31

I've talked about this in a few other lectures.

play02:34

Sometimes fear is given an excessively sinful role.

play02:40

As if we should get rid of it, or it were possible.

play02:46

I've had the opportunity to read it in the past, in my research,

play02:49

books such as Caesar's Commentaries: On The Gallic War by Julius Caesar.

play02:53

The Art of War by Sun Tzu,

play02:55

and I've never heard of any human being, even great warriors,

play03:00

who weren't afraid.

play03:03

The problem is the way we position fear,

play03:06

in our society.

play03:07

Fear doesn't need to be placed in front of us, holding us back.

play03:11

It can be placed behind us, pushing us forward.

play03:14

It simply signals,

play03:16

that you're going to go through something new.

play03:19

So keep your eyes peeled.

play03:21

It's a wake-up call.

play03:23

It's not a stop sign.

play03:25

It's a drive carefully sign.

play03:28

So what is there today that really paralyzes us, indeed,

play03:33

is the fear of being afraid.

play03:35

Which is what we call panic.

play03:37

We don't know how to deal psychologically with the sensation of fear.

play03:40

Then we go crazy, we lose our lucidity.

play03:43

Because we're not comfortable, we don't know how to

play03:46

deal with this warning that fear gives us.

play03:49

Many people instead of running from what scared them,

play03:53

consciously walked towards it.

play03:55

Hence they achieved great overcomes,

play03:58

achieved great things.

play03:59

So fear is not supposed to stop us.

play04:02

This fear that follows anxiety is more like panic,

play04:05

than actual fear.

play04:07

It's not having psychological support,

play04:09

to live with the feeling of fear.

play04:11

Which in a way will always accompany us.

play04:14

Where is there no fear in nature?

play04:16

Where there is a being with some degree of consciousness, there is fear.

play04:19

And we're not going to get rid of it.

play04:21

We have to learn to live with it in a healthy way.

play04:24

So anxiety is also very much related to this pathological fear.

play04:28

That panic.

play04:29

Not knowing how to deal with the feeling of fear.

play04:32

Another important thing to look at,

play04:34

is the relationship between anxiety and expectation.

play04:37

Our historic moment,

play04:39

puts the expectation of something as the only motivation to make man walk.

play04:44

As if it were that drawing of the donkey with

play04:46

the stick and the carrot ahead.

play04:48

I mean, you always have to be looking for something that isn't here.

play04:51

It's further on.

play04:53

It makes us have present moments that are totally absent.

play04:57

And a focus on the future,

play04:59

which, if not achieved, is highly frustrating.

play05:02

So it's an element that empties the present moment,

play05:05

which is the only thing we really have.

play05:07

And it generates an expectation totally focused on the future moment.

play05:11

Stimulation through expectation.

play05:13

Is it really a good form of motivation?

play05:17

Can it really make people happy?

play05:21

Because happy people are actually productive.

play05:24

They produce the best they can produce.

play05:27

Which is themselves. They build complete men.

play05:30

And by example they build people

play05:33

who are moving more and more towards fulfillment and completion.

play05:37

So that's an element I'd like you to keep there.

play05:40

Nurtured expectation, as a serious anxiety factor.

play05:45

Nowadays, children sometimes expect,

play05:47

since childhood, they're already expecting the entrance exam.

play05:50

a public competition,

play05:52

being selected for a particular job,

play05:54

or a certain university.

play05:56

I mean, anxiety is being pushed further and further towards childhood.

play05:59

Sometimes it's a concatenation of schools that already have a system,

play06:02

that looks like an entrance exam.

play06:04

I mean, an anxiety that's always projected

play06:06

onto the achievement of something that isn't here right now.

play06:09

It will be in the future.

play06:11

And it makes these little robots tremendously stressed.

play06:15

One thing I always talk about,

play06:17

especially in my study technique course. I really like this subject,

play06:21

which is the story of the intrinsic goal.

play06:24

What is the intrinsic goal?

play06:26

When a young person picks up a book to study thinking:

play06:30

This subject is terrible, very boring!

play06:33

But what I'm going to achieve is really good.

play06:35

Which is going to university, getting a good job.

play06:39

Do you realize that knowledge becomes a hindrance?

play06:43

Knowledge is one of the things that most qualifies human beings,

play06:47

becomes an obstacle, which if it could be overcome,

play06:50

if it could be circumvented, would be better.

play06:53

So if someone offered him this course at university,

play06:56

or that job, without needing that knowledge,

play06:59

so much the better, why would I want that?

play07:01

But imagine what kind of human being regards knowledge as a hindrance?

play07:06

That's one of the things that most characterizes us as human beings, knowledge,

play07:10

which becomes wisdom.

play07:13

It becomes the possibility of an effective response to life, it humanizes us.

play07:18

Realize that everything in life that has value,

play07:22

has intrinsic value, and not because of what you can achieve.

play07:25

I like to play that game in my classes.

play07:28

Imagine you're talking to someone,

play07:30

and they tell you: - I'm so in love!

play07:32

Ah... but why are you in love?

play07:34

What's special about the one?

play07:35

Did you see how well he earns?

play07:37

Have you looked at his paycheck?

play07:39

How wonderful!

play07:40

What kind of love is that? What would you say?

play07:42

That's not love.

play07:43

That's an... investment.

play07:45

That's an emotional stock exchange.

play07:48

Or I'm very fair! Why is that?

play07:50

Because that person will benefit me later.

play07:52

That's personal marketing, that's not justice.

play07:54

Love has value in itself,

play07:56

justice has value in itself, kindness has value in itself,

play07:59

because otherwise it's hypocrisy.

play08:01

The things that are most valuable in life are worthwhile in themselves,

play08:04

and not by what you're going to get out of it.

play08:06

So that's the story of the intrinsic goal,

play08:10

is one of the elements that takes up the value of the present moment.

play08:13

Even though there's nothing afterwards.

play08:15

But it's good to learn that.

play08:17

Even if there's nothing afterwards,

play08:19

it's good to love things and beings the right way.

play08:22

The way they deserve to be loved.

play08:23

The way I deserve to love.

play08:25

The after is a natural consequence of the present.

play08:29

It's what Kant said

play08:31

"the ideal is in the future, but it is not an object of desire,

play08:35

it is a reference point for direction".

play08:36

And you achieve the ideal by creating ideal moments.

play08:39

The sum of ideal moments reached the ideal.

play08:42

The sum of empty moments doesn't take you anywhere great.

play08:46

No one can imagine Leonardo da Vinci anxiously painting the Mona Lisa.

play08:50

What will I get out of this?

play08:51

What a bore. Let me finish.

play08:53

That's absurd!

play08:54

Beautiful things, things that touch us, were made with intrinsic purpose.

play08:58

And if we had the intrinsic goal,

play09:01

that is, giving value to the thing itself,

play09:03

and not what comes after,

play09:05

you realize that by then we'd have given anxiety a good beating.

play09:09

Anxiety comes from empty moments.

play09:12

Mechanical moments, working towards something really good, which is never here.

play09:18

This is what Kant called the categorical imperative.

play09:23

There is a hypothetical imperative.

play09:25

I do, if I do such and such a thing, I will gain such and such a thing.

play09:27

A conditioner.

play09:29

The categorical imperative, I do because I must, because I'm human.

play09:32

that this is what is expected of me, in the scheme of nature.

play09:35

And I'm fulfilled by doing it.

play09:37

Can you imagine a student like that?

play09:40

A student who you open any book, on anything, in front of him, and he says:

play09:44

If this has come into my life, it's because it has something to teach me,

play09:47

so let me take the content of this, and see what I can learn from it.

play09:51

For life.

play09:52

Ah, but then I'll pass the entrance exam.

play09:54

It doesn't matter, even if I don't pass.

play09:56

But I learned something that was useful.

play09:58

Because if this has come into my life,

play09:59

it's because it has something to teach me.

play10:01

Someone who has an intrinsic interest,

play10:04

in two hours,

play10:05

studies more deeply and effectively,

play10:08

than people who study disinterestedly for ten hours.

play10:11

Absolutely!

play10:12

To value what we do,

play10:15

enriches, unfolds time.

play10:18

Makes life reach its maximum possibilities.

play10:21

And it's a powerful enemy of anxiety.

play10:25

Continuing, I've brought you a poem,

play10:27

which is one of my favorites.

play10:29

I resisted a lot, but I couldn't stop bringing it.

play10:32

Because it's not that well known.

play10:35

It's by a Greek writer called Konstantinos Kaváfis

play10:38

and it's about Ithaca.

play10:40

This poem is perfect!

play10:41

Because it shows the journey to Ithaca, the brilliant one,

play10:44

the one that was the goal of Odysseus, Ulysses in the Odyssey.

play10:49

The important thing is not to get to Ithaca itself,

play10:52

but the way you make the journey.

play10:55

And that's perfect.

play10:56

Look how beautiful it is, how is it worth

play10:59

stopping to illustrate somehow with some beautiful poetry.

play11:04

If you set off one day for Ithaca,

play11:06

hope the road is long,

play11:09

full of adventures, full of knowledge.

play11:13

Neither Lestrigons nor Cyclops,

play11:15

nor the choleric Poseidon intimidate you.

play11:19

They will never stand in your way

play11:22

if your thoughts are lofty,

play11:25

if a subtle emotion your body and spirit touch.

play11:31

Neither Lestrigon nor Cyclops,

play11:34

nor the brave Poseidon will you see,

play11:37

unless you yourself carry them within your soul,

play11:40

if your soul does not place them before you.

play11:45

Hope the road is long.

play11:47

Numerous will be the summer mornings on which,

play11:50

with what pleasure, with what joy

play11:53

you will enter a port for the first time

play11:56

to run the stores of the Phoenicians

play11:59

and buy beautiful goods:

play12:02

mother-of-pearl, coral, amber, ebony and perfumes of all kinds,

play12:08

as many delicious aromas as there are.

play12:12

Go to many cities of Egypt, pilgrims,

play12:15

to learn, to learn from the learned.

play12:19

Keep, all the time, Ithaca in your mind.

play12:21

You're predestined to get there.

play12:25

But don't ever rush the journey.

play12:28

You'd better spend many years on the journey

play12:31

and land yourself on the island old, at last.

play12:34

Rich from how much you've earned along the way,

play12:37

without expecting riches from Ithaca.

play12:40

Ithaca gave you a beautiful journey.

play12:43

You wouldn't have set off without it.

play12:46

More than that, she can't give you.

play12:49

Ithaca hasn't deceived you if you think it's poor.

play12:52

You have become wise, a man of experience,

play12:56

and now you know what Ithaca means.

play13:00

I think that's very beautiful, and I think maybe,

play13:04

poetically speaking,

play13:05

the secret to killing anxiety would be to find out what Ithaca means.

play13:09

I mean, we have a goal, a human one,

play13:11

but that goal is achieved with stations and ports

play13:15

where we anchor well

play13:17

and make the best of the trip.

play13:19

It's like a train journey,

play13:21

where you stop at each station and visit all the sites,

play13:25

take in everything beautiful, imprint it on your memory,

play13:27

imprint it on your soul, and get back on the train

play13:29

and continue on your way, without haste,

play13:32

savoring every step of the way.

play13:34

You'll arrive at your destination so rich, you won't expect anything to be there.

play13:39

The journey has already given you everything.

play13:40

The journey has given you the chance,

play13:42

Ithaca gave you the chance to go through your experience brilliantly.

play13:46

That's the brilliance of Ithaca.

play13:48

It's the shining one, not because it shines,

play13:51

but because it's like a beacon, lighting your way.

play13:54

A direction reference, and a beacon.

play13:57

That's a goal.

play13:59

It's not an object of desire, it's a point of direction.

play14:02

And it's always achieved when

play14:04

you bring the ideal to every step, to every moment.

play14:07

Savor life.

play14:09

It's also a powerful antidote to anxiety, perhaps the greatest of all.

play14:15

I would like to distinguish an important element: expectation versus hope.

play14:20

Expectation has a lot of fantasy in it,

play14:22

that it causes us such anguish,

play14:25

that we can't put our imagination, our creativity to work.

play14:30

We enter a fantasy field of possibilities.

play14:33

Hoping for spectacular resources, hoping for a lucky break.

play14:38

It doesn't give us the lucidity necessary for good planning, for the use of creativity.

play14:43

Understand that expectation, stress

play14:46

are situations of very high emotion.

play14:49

Emotion is usually the antipode of reason.

play14:52

If I'm very excited,

play14:54

very emotional,

play14:56

very possessed by desires or passions,

play14:59

I don't reason.

play15:01

And when I'm very lucid,

play15:03

with a very calm mind,

play15:05

emotions are usually sober.

play15:07

So expectation alters emotions in such a way,

play15:11

that it doesn't put us in an ideal state,

play15:14

to conquer things, to conquer the path, to overcome obstacles.

play15:19

It puts us in a situation of fear,

play15:22

of urgency for results,

play15:24

of constant instability.

play15:26

In other words, it's a terrible state of efficiency.

play15:29

It takes away from us the best tool we have for achieving goals, which is lucidity.

play15:34

So that's not what hope is.

play15:36

Hope is not just waiting.

play15:38

Hope demands creativity, will.

play15:41

Hope brings all the tools together.

play15:44

And it attacks, armed to the teeth, as they say.

play15:47

Using everything it's got.

play15:50

Hope requires willpower and creativity.

play15:53

Expectation often demands only fear, anxiety and nail-biting.

play15:59

It doesn't bring out the best in a man,

play16:01

therefore minimizes his chances of achieving a good result.

play16:07

We have an absent present with expectation.

play16:12

And as at any moment in life, the only thing we have is the present moment,

play16:16

we end up living an absent life.

play16:18

Waiting for something that might not even be that good.

play16:21

Ithaca is rocky and dry.

play16:24

The best thing it gives you is the chance to make a rich journey,

play16:27

and reach it with an armful of fruit.

play16:32

So that's an important consideration to make.

play16:34

And the other interesting element that we have to realize,

play16:37

is that anxiety is so limiting,

play16:42

that it often doesn't see things itself.

play16:45

It sees what you've projected onto things.

play16:47

It's the famous story about the citizen

play16:49

who got a flat tire on the side of a road,

play16:52

and when he went to check, the spare tire was empty.

play16:54

He saw a little house and went there to ask for help.

play16:57

But halfway there he started thinking...

play16:59

but this man is going to say:

play17:00

-Why didn't you check your tires before traveling?

play17:03

I'm going to say: -I did but they didn't work properly.

play17:05

He'll say: -Why didn't you look for someone who worked properly?

play17:07

- No, but that's not it. I tried, but I couldn't.

play17:10

- No, you're irresponsible.

play17:11

-I'm not irresponsible at all.

play17:12

- No, you're not careful.

play17:14

In a way that when he arrives at the door,

play17:17

the man opens the door, he says:

play17:19

- You're the irresponsible one, what do you think of me?

play17:22

In other words,

play17:23

we project so much in anticipation,

play17:26

that we pour over reality, the facts,

play17:32

the worst that could happen.

play17:34

We build the road to our failure.

play17:36

It's that person who says: It works for everyone but me.

play17:39

We often come up to someone and say:

play17:42

- I've already tried to talk to this guy but it didn't work.

play17:45

And this person comes up to us and says:

play17:47

-Leave it to me, I'll go there.

play17:48

And the same thing, the same subject, she goes and get it.

play17:51

Because she goes in clean, without expectations,

play17:53

willing to listen to what the other person has to say.

play17:55

There is an ancient oriental fable, which says that a man

play17:59

went to a lake, and there were no fish in it.

play18:02

Then he took a big barrel full of fish,

play18:06

arrived in the middle of the lake,

play18:07

dumped his fish, and stayed there catching what he himself had taken.

play18:11

So if they were very small fish, if they were bad fish,

play18:14

it's because that's all he took.

play18:16

We kind of do that in life.

play18:18

We don't see what's in the lake of life.

play18:20

We already take our expectations and dump them there.

play18:23

And we only reap what we ourselves create.

play18:26

Mentally as expectation.

play18:28

There is no possibility of the new.

play18:29

And we build a path to failure.

play18:32

Expectations tend to be very negative.

play18:36

When it's not fanciful from a positive point of view,

play18:39

it's often a negative expectation,

play18:42

of a closed door, of a no.

play18:44

Which already practically predisposes the circumstances,

play18:47

to give you what you came for, what you took.

play18:52

Something I find interesting,

play18:54

which is something that happened very recently, the day before yesterday.

play18:57

Which I found interesting.

play18:59

The 2018 World Cup final.

play19:03

Between France and Croatia.

play19:05

No Brazilian was looking forward to it anymore.

play19:09

It wasn't much of a problem for us anymore.

play19:12

And several people I spoke to, who watched that game,

play19:16

made observations to me that they had never made in other games,

play19:20

where Brazil was involved.

play19:22

Interesting technical information,

play19:24

about how the two teams played, without devaluing either of them.

play19:28

A more technical observation of how the game actually went.

play19:32

In other words, people were much more lucid,

play19:34

to evaluate the soccer sport, because they had no expectations.

play19:39

I found that so interesting.

play19:41

It's true, I'm not expecting anything, I'm not rooting for anyone, so I watch the game.

play19:45

And by watching the game, I can examine the art,

play19:48

the well-constructed moves of both.

play19:50

Evaluating the quality of both.

play19:52

Evaluating the soccer sport.

play19:54

Without so much passion.

play19:56

And it's much more lucid.

play19:58

You can see details.

play19:59

Because when you have Brazil playing,

play20:02

Brazil has always played well and the other...

play20:04

got lucky, or whatever.

play20:06

Something went wrong.

play20:08

In other words, it's a very distorted view.

play20:10

It's proof that expectations take away our lucidity.

play20:14

It always does, that's interesting.

play20:16

I mean, it minimizes our chances of success.

play20:20

Another thing that exists within society as well,

play20:24

we are used to,

play20:25

we'll talk about that in a moment,

play20:27

we have a culture of anxiety.

play20:30

It's an anxiety factory due to a series of factors.

play20:33

And that's one of them.

play20:34

The stressed one is considered efficient.

play20:38

A very heightened state of anxiety is stress.

play20:42

Which can cause another series of damages,

play20:45

can add another series of damages to anxiety.

play20:47

You can't imagine, for example, spending a month, two months,

play20:52

with a... waiting for an appointment to talk to a director of an important company.

play20:57

And when you get there you find his desk absolutely clean,

play21:00

simply a blank sheet of paper and a pen.

play21:03

And all the attention on you.

play21:05

Without answering the phone, without talking to anyone,

play21:07

those ten minutes are yours.

play21:09

If you find this, you might be shocked.

play21:11

The expectation we carry is that a very efficient man

play21:14

must have papers falling all over his desk,

play21:16

the phone ringing all the time, the secretary interrupting all the time, why?

play21:22

We understand that efficiency is synonymous with stress.

play21:26

Which is crazy.

play21:28

The stressed man works in terrible emotional conditions,

play21:31

and also generates this stress in the people around him.

play21:34

I mean, the team of a stressed man,

play21:37

is usually an inefficient team.

play21:39

It creates very poor conditions for efficiency

play21:42

for him, and for everyone around him.

play21:45

But we assimilated that idea.

play21:47

The person who is calm, quiet, paying attention to just one thing,

play21:50

is a slacker, has nothing to do.

play21:53

One of the many alienations and inversions that our historical time has generated.

play21:57

Everything in its place,

play21:59

And in its time and place, each thing reigns supreme.

play22:02

That's an efficient person.

play22:04

He gives his best to everything he sets out to do.

play22:07

Each one reigns supreme in the territory he has marked out for it.

play22:12

So it's an element that also produces anxiety.

play22:15

Efficient people are stressed. They're not!

play22:19

I've never met an efficient stressed person.

play22:21

And I don't believe anyone has.

play22:25

Relationship with mistakes and failure.

play22:28

It's also a complicated thing within anxiety.

play22:33

Which is the unpreparedness to deal with failure.

play22:37

An eagerness to succeed, as if that were

play22:41

the qualifier of your life.

play22:43

I mean, the great qualifier of Ulysses' journey is to reach Ithaca.

play22:47

Nothing he did along the way has value.

play22:50

As we've already said, this anxiety

play22:52

for success and this unpreparedness to deal with failure,

play22:56

makes man miss the opportunity to learn

play23:00

from all the elements that happen along the way.

play23:03

Imagine that, it's happened to me.

play23:06

I'm preparing to give a lecture.

play23:07

The process we have in New Acropolis is a voluntary process,

play23:10

we often go off to open a school far away.

play23:13

We start with a small room, a few chairs,

play23:16

we prepare a lot for a lecture,

play23:18

and at the time, no one shows up.

play23:20

Don't you think I've been there before?

play23:22

I've passed many times.

play23:24

No one appears at the time.

play23:26

The feeling is:

play23:27

- What a shame they lost, because I learned a lot.

play23:31

In other words, what was done was a big gain for me.

play23:35

Too bad I couldn't share it, I couldn't pass it on.

play23:38

There will be other opportunities.

play23:41

I mean, the feeling of relationship with mistakes, with failure,

play23:46

is catastrophic for those who place all their satisfaction in the future moment.

play23:51

and not in the present moment.

play23:53

If the fruit doesn't come,

play23:54

everything that has been done along the way becomes worthless.

play23:57

And he who works consciously,

play24:00

regardless of the fruits: I've already won for what I've done.

play24:03

For what I've lived, for what I am.

play24:05

For the path that has been trodden.

play24:07

I am worthy of Ithaca, even if there is no more Ithaca.

play24:10

Confucius said

play24:12

that man's greatest problem is not being recognized,

play24:15

it's not knowing if he's worthy of being recognized.

play24:19

In other words, not being recognized even in front of your own conscience.

play24:23

Another interesting practical example,

play24:26

that I've experienced a lot over the years,

play24:28

I've often given a public speaking course.

play24:30

Public speaking is very good for dealing with anxiety, folks.

play24:33

It's wonderful.

play24:34

It's impressive, the person sometimes has a well-prepared job.

play24:38

Of course, preparation helps a lot.

play24:40

But sometimes has the techniques, has everything,

play24:42

but at the time you doesn't know how to deal with that fear,

play24:46

that arises behind the scenes, that never ceases to exist.

play24:51

Great actors at the end of their careers say that,

play24:53

that they still feel afraid before they go on stage.

play24:55

I've been giving talks for many years, I still have that fear.

play24:58

But being paralyzed by fear,

play25:00

is what we talked about before.

play25:03

Not knowing how to deal with failure.

play25:05

An expectation of success,

play25:07

that makes you fail.

play25:10

Because it limits your lucidity.

play25:12

I remember a fact that I've told many times and I find it very interesting.

play25:15

When I learned to drive.

play25:18

That was a curious situation, because I drove very badly.

play25:22

I don't know how I managed to pass that test, because I drove very badly.

play25:26

So...

play25:27

A beautiful day,

play25:28

I was struggling with the difficulty of leaving the house while driving,

play25:31

because I didn't want to drive at all.

play25:33

I stopped and thought. What am I afraid of?

play25:37

How fast I'm going,

play25:40

accident only if I hit a turtle.

play25:43

It's very difficult for anything catastrophic to happen.

play25:46

So what am I really afraid of?

play25:48

Then I discovered that I was afraid of people thinking I was a bad driver.

play25:53

I was afraid of people's opinions.

play25:55

Ah, that was a wonderful discovery.

play25:57

I just walked up to the mirror and said, I'm a lousy driver.

play26:00

If anyone thinks that, they're thinking the pure expression of the truth.

play26:04

And there is nothing greater than the truth.

play26:06

So if anyone thinks I'm a lousy driver, they're telling the truth.

play26:09

They've already thought that!

play26:10

The whole world has thought about it.

play26:12

So now let me start doing things the best way I can.

play26:16

I don't know if the mind normally blackmails us,

play26:20

with the threat of loss.

play26:22

What if they think that? What if that happens?

play26:25

It's already happened.

play26:27

I accept the loss.

play26:28

I accept failure.

play26:29

Now let's see what we can do in the best possible way.

play26:32

You realize that you've disarmed the anxiety scheme.

play26:35

And if, well, I'm going to carry on living.

play26:38

And I'll try again, and again, and again and again.

play26:40

Ah, that's good. All right then. Go.

play26:42

Now when we can't stand the idea of failure,

play26:47

makes the anxiety unbearable.

play26:49

And it really boycotts any possibility of success.

play26:52

So you see someone with a wonderful job, lots to say,

play26:56

And they block themselves in a public speaking class,

play26:58

not even in a public presentation.

play27:00

A class in front of half a dozen colleagues.

play27:03

The weight of anxiety.

play27:05

Not being able to bear the thought of failure.

play27:09

That's something else that's interesting.

play27:11

It's the relationship between anguish and fear and precision and intelligence.

play27:17

It's interesting to realize, as we've said before

play27:20

that anxiety comes from angere which is the same root as the word anguish.

play27:25

It suffocates us.

play27:27

So it greatly limits our possibility of meticulous attention,

play27:31

every detail along the way.

play27:32

We are philosophers at New Acropolis.

play27:35

One of the things that philosophy teaches

play27:36

is that every moment has symbolic elements,

play27:39

that can teach you something, so that you can follow the path better.

play27:43

Every moment has keys,

play27:46

has things for me to learn at this very moment,

play27:48

in this library. Details that are inserted in the present moment.

play27:53

If I dive into them and learn them,

play27:55

I go to a future moment much better prepared, like in fairy tales.

play27:59

Every ten steps a young hero finds a sword set in stone,

play28:04

an old man asking for water, who gives him a magical cape.

play28:07

In other words, he's being armed along the way.

play28:10

Until he arrives prepared before the dragon.

play28:13

So this sharpening of attention,

play28:16

this skill, this observation of details, is impossible for an anxious person.

play28:21

He becomes scattered.

play28:23

He can't perceive the micro, the details,

play28:27

of the tools at his disposal along the way.

play28:30

And aggressive.

play28:32

Often the insecure is aggressive.

play28:35

The anxious is aggressive.

play28:37

Because his expectations,

play28:39

for example, those who practice martial arts know this.

play28:41

An anxious person who doesn't know how to deal with their own fear,

play28:45

for fear of being hit is the first to hit.

play28:48

In general, the accidents that happen

play28:49

are not with the experienced and professional,

play28:51

are with the inexperienced.

play28:53

They're so afraid of being hit that they're the first ones to hit.

play28:57

And they hit hard.

play28:58

In other words, this imbalance,

play29:00

insecurity, anxiety,

play29:03

also arouses aggression.

play29:06

Today's culture works with anxiety on several fronts.

play29:10

And there are two that I think are important.

play29:12

First place:

play29:13

It's intimidating.

play29:15

If you consider the programming of human beings to deal with adversity,

play29:19

you have a set of things around you.

play29:22

Domestic problems, problems at work, traffic problems.

play29:26

Suddenly, out of the blue, you open the daily newspaper

play29:29

and there are problems all over the world.

play29:32

So the human mind is sometimes so inclined to insecurity,

play29:37

that the fact that there's something dramatic happening anywhere in the world,

play29:41

seems to be happening now, here, at this moment.

play29:44

And it adds a level of drama to life,

play29:48

that you're often terrified all the time.

play29:51

And it's not that it's bad to be informed about what's happening in the world.

play29:54

But the problem is that the world is dual.

play29:57

As catastrophes happen,

play30:00

good things must be happening.

play30:02

But there is a tendency, a focus on the catastrophic.

play30:04

That unbalances man's emotions.

play30:08

Who tends to look only at the negative aspect of life.

play30:11

So, I doubt that there isn't at this moment, in the same dimension

play30:15

that there are wars, conflicts, atrocities,

play30:19

altruistic people, idealistic people, people dedicated to a good cause.

play30:23

And it's very rare that we hear about it.

play30:25

So, this morbid focus that society has,

play30:29

and puts this amount of catastrophes in front of man, makes man feel intimidated.

play30:35

And this anxiety for survival.

play30:36

The survival instinct rises to a desperate level.

play30:40

It's as if all the catastrophes in the world were swirling around you.

play30:44

There are catastrophes and there are also bright things.

play30:47

There are negative things, and there are good things.

play30:49

You have to pay attention,

play30:51

but not despair. Not panic.

play30:54

This diminishes our chances of overcoming adversity.

play30:59

Adverse situations, problems,

play31:01

are part of life.

play31:03

They're what take us to another level of consciousness.

play31:06

They will only leave our lives when we have learned what they came to teach us.

play31:10

I mean, at the right time.

play31:12

That's natural.

play31:13

Look at any living thing around you,

play31:16

they all deal with problems, every day.

play31:18

That's natural and part of the dynamics of life.

play31:21

But there's a problem, and there's also light.

play31:24

There's also the aspect of love,

play31:26

there's also the aspect of solidarity, of fraternity.

play31:30

There is as much darkness as light in the world, the world is dual.

play31:34

This morbid focus unbalances too much.

play31:36

And the other element... is...

play31:39

the desire for constant possession.

play31:42

As you'd imagine, that's a pretty hackneyed argument these days, I know.

play31:47

But let's say, I don't know, twenty percent of humanity.

play31:50

I don't know the exact proportion,

play31:52

has access to high-end computers.

play31:55

Those twenty percent buy those computers.

play31:58

If they were very durable.

play32:00

If it was a technology that would last a lifetime,

play32:04

what would these companies do after these twenty percent have bought it?

play32:07

Would they close their doors?

play32:09

No. They have to make these people want something even better.

play32:14

Something even more modern.

play32:16

He has to make that whole generation obsolete,

play32:20

and generate a desire for something more modern.

play32:22

More cutting edge.

play32:23

That story we used to hear from our grandparents,

play32:26

that when they got married they would buy,

play32:28

our parents, sometimes bought a fridge for life.

play32:31

That we... the older children still saw the same fridge there.

play32:35

It doesn't exist anymore.

play32:36

It's a race for possession of what's most modern,

play32:39

what is new.

play32:41

And all that remains.

play32:43

Everything is discarded very quickly.

play32:45

That's another anxiety factor.

play32:47

Because we feel the need to keep up with the pace of society.

play32:51

To be on the cutting edge, to be up to date.

play32:54

As if it were a terrible pejorative to say:

play32:57

- I don't have everything that's state-of-the-art.

play33:01

Everything on the market.

play33:02

I'm out of date.

play33:04

That's an unbearable pejorative.

play33:06

And also one of the sources of anxiety.

play33:08

I know these are much discussed arguments,

play33:10

but it's important that we imagine all these factors revolving around our heads.

play33:15

I have to win such a thing,

play33:16

I have to work hard to get there, not to be here.

play33:19

I have to have such a thing,

play33:21

I have to know about all these things that are happening.

play33:23

This pressure, this pressure, this pressure,

play33:26

this intimidating, this distressing, this limiting,

play33:31

that makes the man, at a certain moment, have a much higher

play33:34

psychological burden than he can and should carry.

play33:38

And almost without lucidity.

play33:40

And that logically, very easily suggestible.

play33:44

A person at this level of panic is very easily suggestible.

play33:49

And then there's a whole universe of considerations,

play33:51

that don't really fit here right now.

play33:54

There is another argument that is also quite old,

play33:57

which is that young man who wanted to reach the horizon,

play34:01

and at a certain moment realized that the earth was round

play34:04

and that the horizon was under his feet.

play34:08

I mean, that long-dreamed-of horizon is here,

play34:10

inside us and right now.

play34:13

What is the horizon we have to conquer?

play34:15

To live well now.

play34:17

Being body and soul in what we're doing.

play34:19

Being present in our lives.

play34:22

Having human days.

play34:24

The sum of human days will lead us to the human ideal,

play34:28

to fulfilling our function in life.

play34:30

To be a sum factor for ourselves, and for humanity as a whole.

play34:34

There will always be problems and learning from problems.

play34:39

When they have nothing more to teach us, they will leave.

play34:44

Reviewing some useful advice: Intrinsic objective;

play34:47

Focus on the present; Savor life every moment; Hope;

play34:54

Learning from mistakes and failures; Justice: everything in its place and time, to avoid stress;

play35:05

Accept your own flaws; focus on the positive.

play35:13

We have to train the muscles of will.

play35:17

For those of you who have seen my lecture on will,

play35:20

I use an example that is very interesting.

play35:22

Imagine a funnel.

play35:24

You enter a problem through several doors.

play35:27

You can only get out through one: Will.

play35:30

Determination. I want to get there.

play35:32

No matter what brought me here.

play35:34

It matters that I'm going out, and I'm going to get there.

play35:37

The anxiety, that desperation

play35:40

for already being there, without having to meet all the thresholds

play35:45

of the path, all the elements that allow you to successfully trace the path,

play35:50

it makes you a prisoner of the problem.

play35:54

Prisoner of the distressing situation, for life.

play35:58

Will requires imagination, creativity, lucidity, work, rhythm,

play36:04

identity. Will requires a man who is totally present in his life.

play36:09

And making the most of its resources to propel it into the future.

play36:15

Will does not allow a man who has disconnected from the present to live

play36:19

in a future fantasy, and who does absolutely nothing, falls into inertia.

play36:23

Or falls into the despair of being afraid to do the path.

play36:26

Then... training the muscles of the will

play36:30

is also a very interesting way of combating anxiety.

play36:34

You might think it's funny.

play36:35

What do you mean muscles?

play36:36

Yes, muscles. Just like you train your body muscles.

play36:38

The will has to be exercised.

play36:41

Learning not to have rewards so quickly. Not now, in a little while.

play36:45

In a little while I'll go to the fridge and get something.

play36:47

In a little while I'll have that thing.

play36:49

I'll check my phone, WhatsApp, in a little while.

play36:53

Learning to control this little day-to-day craving.

play36:57

Fighting to be able to extend this

play36:59

this despair, this anguish.

play37:02

Fighting to train the muscles

play37:04

of attention, of precision,

play37:06

step after step, without haste and without pause.

play37:09

That's training.

play37:11

We have to educate ourselves.

play37:13

We have to find that key to building

play37:16

a solid and inexorable will.

play37:19

Without haste and without pause.

play37:20

It's developed as you exercise.

play37:23

We're a bit like children,

play37:25

we've lost control of ourselves.

play37:27

Our anxiety dominates us in such a way

play37:30

that when we think about it, we've already gone.

play37:32

We've already run, out of panic, out of desperation,

play37:34

after those things that somehow calm us down.

play37:37

So the development of a discipline

play37:40

to train our will more and more,

play37:43

developing the muscles of will is also essential.

play37:47

Will is lucid.

play37:49

Will works together with hope,

play37:51

but not with expectation.

play37:53

Will is creative and intelligent. And it propels us into the future.

play37:57

It paves our way to the future.

play38:01

Understanding how things in nature work.

play38:05

That's another interesting thing too.

play38:06

The natural rhythm.

play38:08

The natural rhythm of the sun.

play38:10

No anxiety at all.

play38:13

It appears when it needs to appear, disappears when it needs to disappear.

play38:16

The natural rhythm with which the stars revolve around it.

play38:20

The natural rhythm with which the seasons pass.

play38:23

Flowers are not anxious.

play38:24

They open when they have to, spring, when the time is right, they bloom.

play38:29

Each thing in its place.

play38:31

It was Plato's concept of justice.

play38:34

Each thing in its own time.

play38:35

Perhaps the most effective concept for combating anxiety.

play38:38

Knowing how to find and maintain your natural rhythm.

play38:42

One thing I always like to talk about

play38:44

is about a philosophical concept of discipline.

play38:48

Discipline is doing what is necessary to keep your consciousness high.

play38:53

One day I was on my way to work

play38:55

and I realized that when I was going at a certain speed,

play38:59

I could see the landscape,

play39:01

I could hear the birds singing,

play39:04

I could breathe the morning air.

play39:06

The ride was super pleasant when I was going at that speed.

play39:10

Ah, but if I ride at that speed, I'll be late.

play39:13

I'll leave early.

play39:15

But this speed for me is a question of quality of life.

play39:18

I'll do what's necessary to adjust to the circumstances.

play39:22

Do I need more time?

play39:23

I'm leaving early.

play39:25

But I'll do what's necessary to keep my consciousness high.

play39:28

Accept the natural rhythm of life.

play39:30

We're not racing anyone.

play39:32

Not even with ourselves.

play39:34

We have to make sure we have a rhythm

play39:36

without haste and without pause. Inexorable. Towards our destination.

play39:40

We know this story of unbridled haste all too well,

play39:44

that the runner dies before the finish line.

play39:47

And the one who has a steady pace, a good pace, sticks to it until the end.

play39:52

So, find our rhythm, because all of nature has a rhythm.

play39:56

you're alive because your heart has a rhythm.

play39:59

If it speeds up too much, you know it could be fatal.

play40:02

So everything in its place.

play40:04

Each thing in its own time.

play40:06

Doing what's necessary to keep your consciousness high.

play40:09

This is also a powerful element in combating anxiety.

play40:12

If I go along the path, observing the morning,

play40:15

whether it's a winter morning or a spring morning.

play40:17

Watching the birds, I begin to recognize their songs.

play40:21

Watching the people passing by in the morning.

play40:25

At last!

play40:25

A whole set of beautiful things that we find along the way.

play40:30

So it's very difficult for me to arrive anywhere distressed.

play40:33

These morning trips to work

play40:37

have already given me lots of poems

play40:39

and chronicles.

play40:41

From details, simple, unassuming,

play40:43

that made me see a little of the magic of life.

play40:47

I mean, when you pay attention to life's messages,

play40:50

you do what's necessary so that your rhythm isn't affected,

play40:54

begins to fight anxiety.

play40:56

Start to be body and soul in the present moment.

play41:00

Maybe you know

play41:01

that in 2007 was made, a sort of

play41:06

test by the Washington Post newspaper,

play41:10

where they put it in the subway,

play41:12

playing his violin, the greatest violinist in the world.

play41:16

Or one of the world's greatest. Joshua Bell.

play41:19

Even today it's

play41:21

difficult to get an invitation to a Joshua Bell concert.

play41:25

He had just done a concert with very expensive tickets

play41:29

and a packed theater.

play41:30

In the same city.

play41:32

They put him on the subway in the morning.

play41:35

He played three tunes.

play41:37

Disguised with a little hat, wearing a simple outfit,

play41:40

playing an eighteenth-century Stradivarius.

play41:44

One of the most expensive violins in the world.

play41:47

Him playing his violin to perfection,

play41:50

and it looks like seven people stopped to listen.

play41:54

One of them seemed to recognize him,

play41:57

the others didn't even look at his face.

play41:59

You can imagine what the subway is like

play42:01

in a big North American city in the morning.

play42:03

The movement of people.

play42:05

Seven people stopped to listen to Joshua Bell playing the violin.

play42:10

How many times we must have experienced things as beautiful as this,

play42:15

and in our stress, in our anxiety, we don't see it.

play42:18

I don't know what the purpose of the Washington Post was in this test.

play42:22

But it's certainly a good test of anxiety, and what it deprives us of.

play42:26

What it robs us of.

play42:27

Because as Konstantinos Kavafis says.

play42:30

There are things in the middle of the road

play42:32

as beautiful or more so than Ithaca.

play42:35

Itaca is not to be desired,

play42:38

it's for you to get there with your arms full of fruit.

play42:41

Along the way there may be Joshua Bell playing his Stradivarius violin.

play42:45

And we miss that because of anxiety. To get where?

play42:48

What greater wealth can we find?

play42:51

What about those who are anxious, driving their cars. To get where?

play42:55

What's so precious there?

play42:57

We lose precious things along the way.

play43:00

Like that puppy that runs after the wheel of the car,

play43:03

and when the car stops, it doesn't know what to do with it.

play43:05

And then this contempt for the details of life.

play43:09

This insensitivity to beauty, to the pain of others,

play43:12

to every drama of existence that takes place with beauty,

play43:16

with pain, with tragedy, with comedy, all life around us.

play43:19

We're passing by.

play43:20

Ignoring Joshua Bell on the subway.

play43:24

The ever-present conscience,

play43:28

it's a fantastic thing, anxiety doesn't allow it.

play43:31

Anxiety projects you towards the future world and you become mechanized.

play43:36

You can't really see anything around you.

play43:38

Notice that one of the elements that makes man calm,

play43:43

be him a speaker, be him an artist,

play43:46

is when he feels very well prepared.

play43:50

Why don't we prepare ourselves very well for life?

play43:53

We don't dive inside ourselves once we discover that the horizon is here.

play43:57

And we start thinking about circumstances, people.

play44:01

Start developing inner life.

play44:03

Inner life is the source of happiness.

play44:05

The inner life is where we prepare ourselves to understand people,

play44:09

depersonalize problems, don't think they're happening to spite me.

play44:13

Understand the human drama.

play44:15

Understand the limitations of the world around us, go into it prepared

play44:19

more to give than to want to receive.

play44:21

Stay connected to the needs and opportunities

play44:24

for generosity that you find around you.

play44:26

Prepare yourself for life.

play44:28

I mean, developing your measure of wisdom,

play44:31

is also a fantastic factor in combating anxiety.

play44:34

In other words, one who prepares for life,

play44:36

for example, when I say:

play44:38

- I want to be generous today.

play44:40

I'm not going to be anxious about anything.

play44:41

I'll be aware to every moment,

play44:44

to the opportunity to exercise my generosity.

play44:47

I'm going to be fraternal today!

play44:49

I'm not thinking about anything, I'm thinking about this moment.

play44:51

Where's the opportunity for me to be fraternal?

play44:54

And you'll find it, you'll distribute it.

play44:56

As Sri Ram used to say, leave your heart everywhere.

play45:00

And a path...

play45:03

Where humanity leaves its heart wherever it goes,

play45:07

what kind of path would that be?

play45:08

What kind of world would that be?

play45:10

Where the present moment has to be toasted with the best of what we have.

play45:15

In other words, prepare for life, seek wisdom,

play45:18

is also a powerful antidote to anxiety.

play45:22

Acceptance and curiosity about life's proposals.

play45:27

Not thinking we've seen everything, not thinking we have anything trivial.

play45:31

The Bardo Thodol, which is a Tibetan tradition that I'm quite a fan,

play45:35

which is the Tibetan Book of the Dead.

play45:37

He says that life is entirely pedagogical,

play45:39

and if there was a moment in your life

play45:42

that had nothing to teach you,

play45:43

it would have already been taken out of your life.

play45:46

When we refuse to learn,

play45:49

it's like saying I want to die.

play45:51

Because a life that no longer has the possibility of learning,

play45:55

no longer has any reason to last.

play45:58

Nature simply does what it likes.

play46:01

When we refuse to grow and learn,

play46:03

there is no longer any point to life.

play46:06

So every moment is educational.

play46:08

Why don't we attend all these classes?

play46:11

Why not live every moment with intensity?

play46:14

Anxiety robs us of that.

play46:16

It makes us absent-minded, scattered students,

play46:18

with a very low learning capacity.

play46:21

Precisely because of our anxiety to be good,

play46:23

we have become mediocre.

play46:26

In other words, instead of chasing,

play46:30

participate,

play46:31

integrate,

play46:32

savor every moment of life.

play46:38

Getting out of the house to enjoy life,

play46:40

with attention and a willingness to learn.

play46:43

Hope as a way of giving life another chance.

play46:46

Just as it always gives us new chances.

play46:49

So hope, not expectation.

play46:52

A new day has dawned, what will it teach me?

play46:55

Realize that every time the day dawns,

play46:57

some poet talked about it,

play46:59

I don't remember now, that he said that the dawn

play47:02

of each new day is as if life were saying:

play47:05

- I trust you and I'll give you another chance.

play47:08

Why don't you give it another chance too?

play47:11

Hope is giving life a new chance,

play47:14

every day that dawns.

play47:16

I mean, that fresh expectation of a child going to the playground.

play47:20

It's not the same playground.

play47:21

Every day has adventures.

play47:23

There are wonderful things to see.

play47:25

Life is renewing itself, and we should be renewing ourselves along with it.

play47:30

Realize that if you imagine life as a whole,

play47:34

based on certain ancient oriental traditions, for example,

play47:38

it was believed that life is an infinite spiral, never ending.

play47:41

If you reach a certain level, another horizon appears before you.

play47:45

It's an infinite spiral, so where to?

play47:50

All the points are equally important.

play47:52

In other words, a child learning to walk or hold a pencil,

play47:57

is just as great an achievement as the adult who graduates from university.

play48:02

Or the professional who achieves public recognition.

play48:05

These are achievements of equal importance.

play48:08

Any point along the way can be wonderful, can be great.

play48:12

There's no end point.

play48:15

If we realize this, life as an infinite spiral, has no end point.

play48:20

So what are you looking forward to?

play48:22

For nothing. For emptiness.

play48:24

The only place you'll get to is right here.

play48:27

Arrive here with your consciousness,

play48:29

with the fullness of your powers of creativity,

play48:32

of imagination, of fraternity, of generosity.

play48:36

Here, at this moment. This is the point of arrival.

play48:38

If it's not here, it won't be anywhere.

play48:40

Because there's no end point.

play48:42

This perception is also very interesting,

play48:44

because it kills the main anxiety factor.

play48:48

Getting there. There's no there there.

play48:49

It's only here.

play48:51

So it's an element that gives anxious people food for thought.

play48:57

Anyway...

play48:58

Anxiety comes from the latin Angere,

play49:01

to squeeze, to suffocate.

play49:02

Why don't we expand instead of squeezing?

play49:05

By expanding by integrating,

play49:07

we kill the main factor of anxiety.

play49:10

It restricts us, it suffocates us.

play49:13

Take a deep breath!

play49:14

Savor the air, savor the sounds,

play49:17

savor life as a whole.

play49:19

Sounds a bit synesthetic, doesn't it? But it is.

play49:22

Savoring all the impressions that the moment brings you.

play49:26

Extracting the wisdom that each moment brings you.

play49:30

Believe in life, trust.

play49:33

That's an interesting thing too,

play49:34

which would give subject for a lecture,

play49:36

that I intend to give one day, about trust.

play49:38

Full confidence,

play49:40

in what the Orientals called Dharma. I mean, that there is a law in life.

play49:44

A meaning, a connection between the facts of life.

play49:48

And that I have to go like a child,

play49:50

finding out what's in the next package.

play49:54

There is no chaos, there is cosmos.

play49:56

If I believe in it,

play49:58

as the Indians say,

play50:00

i sleep in father's arms.

play50:02

I sleep in the arms of Dharma.

play50:04

I trust that life still has much to offer me.

play50:08

And no matter how hard it is to open the lid of the box,

play50:11

I would find something worthwhile inside.

play50:15

But it will never be the last box.

play50:18

It will never be the last hard lid.

play50:19

And it will never be the last reward.

play50:21

The road is endless.

play50:23

And like a child, fresh,

play50:25

in front

play50:27

of the mysteries that life has to offer us,

play50:29

but confident that they make sense.

play50:31

And they lead us in that direction.

play50:34

Resting in the arms of the father, in the arms of the Dharma.

play50:39

That's it!

play50:40

I would like you to reflect on the ideas.

play50:45

They are few, small, simple ideas that focus on one main idea.

play50:49

What are the objectives? What are the arguments that support the anxiety?

play50:54

You realize that they're false, we're running after nothing.

play50:58

There's nothing to achieve in such a hurry,

play51:01

that justifies us losing the present moment.

play51:04

We often stop to look at old photographs,

play51:08

I went through that recently.

play51:09

I realized that when I took that photo as a teenager,

play51:13

childhood, I thought it was a terrible photo.

play51:15

And now at fifty-four

play51:17

I look at her and say: - What a beautiful moment.

play51:20

Why didn't I enjoy it? Why did I find it ugly?

play51:22

Why did I think I looked ugly in this photo?

play51:25

What a beautiful moment!

play51:27

Why didn't I taste it the way it deserved?

play51:29

There is nothing, no moment in life that is despicable

play51:32

to chase after a fiction,

play51:35

that distresses us and robs us of the present moment.

play51:38

Think about it.

play51:40

Remember

play51:41

we don't live by what we eat, but by what we assimilate.

play51:44

So let every new learning experience be an invitation,

play51:48

so that something of it can be assimilated into our lives.

play51:51

Thank you.

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AnxietyPhilosophyFearExpectationHopePanicHumanityEtymologyMotivationInner LifeLife Lessons
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