SPK: Masalah Terstruktur, Semi Terstruktur, dan Tidak Terstruktur

Summary

The video explains decision support systems (SPK), focusing on structured, semi-structured, and unstructured problems and their application in various contexts. The instructor discusses how decision support systems can be used to address problems in education, like identifying underprivileged students or selecting participants for academic competitions. Additionally, students are tasked with finding a case study to analyze and identify structured problems in real-world scenarios, ensuring the case is distinct from higher education or logistics-related issues. The assignment aims to deepen understanding of decision support systems and their practical applications in diverse fields.

Takeaways

• 😀 Structured problems are well-defined with known causes and solutions, such as simple administrative tasks.
• 😀 Semi-structured problems involve some decision-making and judgment, often relying on historical data but also subjective input, like selecting candidates for scholarships.
• 😀 Unstructured problems are complex and unpredictable, such as navigating crises or business disruptions like the COVID-19 pandemic.
• 😀 Decision Support Systems (DSS) help manage structured, semi-structured, and unstructured problems by providing data analysis and model-based recommendations.
• 😀 DSS should be flexible, adaptable, user-friendly, and capable of processing large amounts of historical data for informed decision-making.
• 😀 The three key stages of DSS development are: Intelligence (identifying problems and gathering data), Design (creating models and solutions), and Choice (evaluating and selecting decisions).
• 😀 DSS can be applied in various organizational settings, such as selecting employees, managing customer complaints, or optimizing business operations.
• 😀 DSS helps organizations choose between alternatives based on comprehensive data analysis and scenario modeling.
• 😀 Examples of DSS applications include the selection of top-performing students, choosing the best employees, or managing logistics in shipping companies.
• 😀 The assignment requires students to explore a company case study and identify structured, semi-structured, and unstructured problems that could be solved by a DSS, excluding universities or courier services.
• 😀 The assignment must be submitted by Tuesday, September 27th, at 11:59 PM, with a focus on real-world problems outside the education and shipping sectors.

Q & A

What are the three types of problems addressed in decision support systems (SPK)?

The three types of problems addressed in decision support systems are structured, semi-structured, and unstructured problems. Structured problems have clear solutions, semi-structured problems require some decision-maker input, and unstructured problems are complex and unpredictable.

What characterizes a structured problem in a decision support system?

A structured problem is well-defined with clear solutions, often involving systems that can handle tasks like tracking student progress or managing inventory. The solution is predictable and can be addressed by existing systems.

How do semi-structured problems differ from structured problems in the context of decision support systems?

Semi-structured problems involve some uncertainty and require the decision-maker’s input, unlike structured problems where solutions are clear. For example, deciding on student awards or employee evaluations requires both data and subjective judgment.

Can you give an example of an unstructured problem in a decision support system?

An unstructured problem could be the impact of unexpected events like the COVID-19 pandemic on businesses. These issues are complex, unpredictable, and require more adaptive decision-making.

What are the main characteristics of a good decision support system?

A good decision support system should be flexible, adaptable, user-friendly, and capable of processing historical data to support decision-making in varying contexts.

What are the three main stages in building a decision support system?

The three main stages in building a decision support system are Intelligence (problem identification), Design (exploring possible solutions), and Choice (selecting the best solution).

What kind of problems can a decision support system help solve in the context of education?

In education, decision support systems can help solve problems such as identifying students who qualify for financial aid, selecting participants for academic competitions, or managing student progress and assessments.

What is the significance of using historical data in decision support systems?

Historical data is essential in decision support systems as it allows decision-makers to make informed choices based on past trends, which can guide future decisions, such as employee performance or academic progress.

Why should students avoid selecting case studies about higher education or courier services for their assignments?

Students should avoid selecting case studies about higher education or courier services because the lecturer has frequently discussed those topics. Instead, students are encouraged to explore new and different case studies that provide fresh insights.

How does the use of a decision support system improve decision-making in business or educational settings?

A decision support system improves decision-making by providing structured data, analysis tools, and recommendations, helping leaders make more informed, efficient, and accurate decisions, particularly in complex or data-heavy situations.