Genograma e Ecomapa - Abordagem familiar na atenção primária à saúde

Heric Santos

15 Dec 202013:02

Summary

TLDRThe script discusses the importance of family in primary health care, emphasizing the use of genograms and ecomaps as tools for understanding patient health within the family context. Genograms graphically represent family generations and relationships, while ecomaps illustrate the family's connections with their community. The case of patient Marina is used to demonstrate how these tools can identify health needs and vulnerabilities, leading to tailored healthcare approaches within the Family Health Strategy.

Takeaways

🏥 The script discusses the importance of the family in healthcare, particularly within the context of the Family Health Strategy model.
👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 The 'genogram' is introduced as a key tool for visualizing family relationships and health patterns across generations.
📊 Symbols are used in genograms to represent family members, relationships, and health conditions, such as squares for men, circles for women, and lines to indicate relationships.
👴 The script uses a case study of a patient named Marina to illustrate how a genogram can be constructed and used in practice.
🏠 The 'ecomap' is another tool discussed, which helps to understand the family's interactions with their community and social environment.
🔍 The ecomap can reveal the presence or absence of social, economic, and cultural resources, and their impact on the family's health.
👨‍⚕️ The healthcare team uses both genograms and ecomaps to provide comprehensive care, identifying family dynamics and potential vulnerabilities.
📝 The script highlights the practical application of these tools in a real-life scenario, showing how they can guide healthcare interventions.
🤝 The importance of understanding family relationships and community ties is emphasized for providing appropriate and effective healthcare services.
📈 These tools are expected to enhance diagnostic accuracy, treatment, and patient follow-up within the Family Health Strategy.

Q & A

What is the significance of the term 'assistencial' in the context of the Family Health Strategy?
-The term 'assistencial' in the context of the Family Health Strategy emphasizes the importance of the family's role in health care. It suggests a holistic approach where the family's context is considered crucial for understanding and addressing the health needs of individual patients.
What is the purpose of using a genogram in health care?
-A genogram is used to visually represent the family structure across generations, including relationships and health patterns. It helps health teams to understand the patient's context better, identify potential health vulnerabilities, and plan appropriate interventions.
How are men and women represented in a genogram?
-In a genogram, men are represented by squares and women by circles. Deceased individuals are indicated by an X through the symbol, with a square crossed by an X for deceased men and a circle crossed by an X for deceased women.
What symbol is used to represent a marriage or partnership in a genogram?
-A solid line is used to represent a marriage or partnership between two individuals in a genogram.
How is a separation or divorce depicted in a genogram?
-A separation is represented by a line with one dash, while a divorce is indicated by a line with two dashes in a genogram.
What does the zigzag line represent in a genogram?
-A zigzag line in a genogram is used to represent a conflictual relationship between family members.
What is the role of an ecomapa in understanding a patient's family dynamics?
-An ecomapa is an instrument that helps to understand the family's relationship with its social, economic, and cultural environment. It complements the genogram by identifying the family's connections and resources within the community.
How does the ecomapa differ from a genogram?
-While a genogram focuses on relationships and connections within the family system, an ecomapa explores the family's interactions with the external environment, including social networks and community resources.
What is the significance of the family's strong connection with the church in the case of Marina's family?
-The strong connection with the church is significant as it indicates a potential support system and a place where the family can access resources and social interactions. This information can be crucial for health care providers when planning interventions and understanding the family's social dynamics.
How did the health team use the ecomapa to schedule a family registration for Marina's family?
-The health team recognized the family's strong involvement with the church from the ecomapa and suggested scheduling the family registration after a religious activity when all family members would be available, demonstrating the practical application of the ecomapa in health care planning.
What health issues were identified for Marina and her family through the genogram and ecomapa analysis?
-Marina had high blood sugar levels and an unhealed ophthalmological issue. Her father José de Arimatéia had an amputation and used insulin. Her mother Maria de Lourdes had suffered from a heart attack and had hypertension and diabetes. The analysis also revealed the need for updating the children's vaccination schedules and addressing Carlos's health needs.

Outlines

00:00

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 The Importance of Family in Health Care

The paragraph emphasizes the significance of the family in the context of basic health care, particularly within the Family Health Strategy model. It highlights that each individual seeking care is unique, but the care model advocates for a holistic approach that considers the individual's entire context, including their family. The family's health history and patterns can provide crucial insights into understanding a patient's health condition and susceptibility to diseases. The paragraph introduces two fundamental tools, the genogram and ecomap, which are hoped to be adopted in daily health unit operations. A genogram is a graphical representation of family generations and relationships, which can help health teams visualize health issues and plan family-centered actions. Basic symbols used in genograms are explained, such as squares for men, circles for women, and various lines representing relationships and family dynamics.

05:02

📝 Case Study: Marina's Family Health Profile

This paragraph presents a case study of Marina, a 49-year-old woman who seeks medical consultation due to altered blood sugar levels and a persistent minor injury. Marina's family situation is detailed, including her father José's amputation and insulin use, her mother Maria's death from a heart attack and history of hypertension and diabetes, and her brothers' strained relationships with their father. Marina is married with three children, and the family is deeply involved with their church community. The health team conducts a family registration and updates the vaccination schedule for the teenagers and arranges health services for other family members. The paragraph also explains how to construct a genogram for Marina's family, detailing the representation of family members, their relationships, and clinical conditions.

10:03

🌐 Understanding Family Dynamics with Ecomap

The final paragraph discusses the ecomap, a tool used to understand both the individual and the family within their community context. It complements the genogram by identifying the family's relationships and connections with their environment. The ecomap can represent social, economic, and cultural resources, providing a snapshot of the family's life dynamics. It uses lines of varying thickness and patterns to denote the strength, impact, and quality of relationships. The paragraph illustrates how the ecomap was instrumental in scheduling a family registration for Marina's family, leveraging their strong church ties to find a convenient time. The ecomap helped identify the family's stressors and supports, leading to a more tailored and effective health care approach.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Family Health Strategy

The Family Health Strategy is a comprehensive approach to healthcare that emphasizes the importance of the family unit in providing healthcare services. It is mentioned in the script as a strategy where the family plays a significant role in the context of health. The strategy aims to provide integrated care, considering not just the individual but also their family and social context, which is crucial for understanding the patient's health status and vulnerabilities.

💡Integrality of Care

Integrality of care refers to the concept of treating the patient as a whole, considering not just their physical health but also their psychological, social, and environmental factors. In the script, it is highlighted as a principle of basic care where the healthcare team should not view the individual in isolation but consider their entire context, including family dynamics, to provide comprehensive care.

💡Genogram

A genogram is a graphical representation of a family's generations, showing the relationships among family members. The script explains the importance of genograms in detailing family health patterns and histories, which can help healthcare providers understand hereditary and behavioral influences on a patient's health. Genograms are used to visualize health issues and plan interventions within the family context.

💡Ecomap

An ecomap is a tool used to assess the family's interactions with their community and environment. It complements the genogram by identifying the family's connections and resources outside the immediate family system. The script describes how the ecomap can reveal the presence or absence of social, economic, and cultural resources and how these can impact the family's health and well-being.

💡Healthcare Team

The healthcare team mentioned in the script refers to the group of professionals, such as doctors, nurses, and social workers, who work together to provide integrated care to patients. They use tools like genograms and ecomaps to understand the patient's family dynamics and environmental factors, which are crucial for effective diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up care.

💡Family Dynamics

Family dynamics refer to the patterns of interaction, communication, and behavior within a family. The script discusses how understanding these dynamics is essential for healthcare providers to address the patient's health needs effectively. It includes relationships, conflicts, and support systems within the family, which are depicted in the genogram and ecomap.

💡Health Vulnerabilities

Health vulnerabilities are the predispositions or susceptibilities that individuals or families have to certain health conditions due to genetic, behavioral, or environmental factors. The script mentions that by understanding the family's health history and current health status, healthcare teams can identify these vulnerabilities and provide targeted interventions.

💡Clinical Picture

The clinical picture refers to the overall assessment of a patient's health condition based on their symptoms, medical history, and other relevant factors. In the script, it is noted that knowing the family's health construction and history can greatly aid in understanding and resolving the patient's clinical picture.

💡Healthcare Access

Healthcare access refers to the ability of individuals to obtain appropriate healthcare services. The script discusses how the healthcare team facilitated access for Marina, the patient, by understanding her family's schedule and religious commitments, which allowed them to schedule appointments and registrations at convenient times.

💡Social Determinants of Health

Social determinants of health are the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age. The script implies that these determinants, such as family relationships, community ties, and economic stability, significantly influence health outcomes. The ecomap is a tool that helps visualize these social determinants and their impact on the family's health.

💡Multiprofessional Approach

A multiprofessional approach involves different healthcare professionals working collaboratively to provide patient care. The script emphasizes the use of genograms and ecomaps as tools that can aid in a comprehensive, multidisciplinary assessment of the patient's health needs, leading to more effective treatment and management plans.

Highlights

The Family Health Strategy's assistential model emphasizes the importance of the family in health context.

Integrality of care is defended by basic attention, considering the individual's context, especially the family.

Attention to the family can reveal patterns and susceptibilities to certain diseases.

Family's impact on each member is significant, including genetic and behavioral aspects.

Understanding the family's construction and medical history can aid in clinical understanding and resolution.

Genogram and ecomap are introduced as fundamental tools for daily use in health units.

Genogram is a graphical representation of family generations and relationships.

Symbols used in genograms include squares for men, circles for women, and lines for relationships.

Genograms allow for detailed family health tracking and understanding of recurrent health issues.

Ecomap is a tool for approaching the individual and family in relation to their community.

Ecomaps can represent social, economic, and cultural resources and their impact on the family.

Ecomaps use lines of varying thickness to represent the strength of connections.

The quality of relationships in ecomaps can be classified as stressful or non-stressful.

A case study of patient Marina is used to illustrate the construction of a genogram and ecomap.

Marina's family has a strong connection with the church, which is represented in the ecomap.

Carlos's job as a truck driver is depicted as a stressful relationship in the ecomap.

The ecomap analysis helped to schedule the family's health registration during a church activity.

Genograms and ecomaps are essential for understanding family dynamics and offering appropriate care.