Inside the Crime Lab: A Complete Tour of the Denver Police Crime Laboratory
Summary
TLDRThe Denver Police Crime Lab offers a behind-the-scenes look at forensic science, showcasing units like Firearms and Tool Mark, Forensic Imaging, Latent Prints, Trace Evidence, Forensic Biology and DNA, and Crime Scene. Each unit utilizes advanced techniques and technology to analyze evidence, from fingerprinting and DNA profiling to ballistics and chemical analysis, playing a crucial role in solving crimes and ensuring justice.
Takeaways
- 🔎 The Denver Police Crime Lab is equipped with advanced tools and technologies to aid in forensic investigations.
- 👁️🗨️ Fingerprint identification is a crucial method for personal identification and is considered a strong link in the chain of evidence.
- 🔬 The lab uses various scientific instruments such as emission spectrographs and mass spectrographs to analyze evidence.
- 🚫 Clean spaces within the lab are maintained to prevent contamination, requiring personnel to wear masks, gloves, and lab coats.
- 🔍 Physical evidence is meticulously documented through photography and laboratory examination to ensure its integrity.
- 🔒 The Firearms and Tool Mark Unit conducts examinations to determine if specific tools or firearms were used in crimes.
- 📸 The Forensic Imaging Unit specializes in video analysis and photographic documentation of evidence for legal matters.
- 👁️🗨️ Latent prints are developed using techniques like cyanoacrylate fuming and compared to known prints for identification.
- 🧬 The Forensic Biology and DNA Unit processes biological evidence and develops DNA profiles for comparison with known samples.
- 🚔 The Crime Scene Unit responds to and processes crime scenes, employing various techniques to collect and preserve evidence.
- 🧪 The Forensic Chemistry Unit handles narcotics cases, blood alcohol analysis, and arson investigations, using instruments like gas chromatographs.
Q & A
What is the primary role of the Denver Police Crime Lab?
-The primary role of the Denver Police Crime Lab is to conduct forensic investigations that support criminal cases, process evidence, and contribute to the identification and apprehension of criminals.
How does the fingerprint unit at the crime lab develop latent prints?
-The fingerprint unit uses a cyanoacrylate fuming chamber, also known as a superglue chamber, to develop latent prints. The superglue vapor adheres to the print residue, and a liquid dye stain is applied to make the prints visible under a laser.
What is the purpose of the firearms and tool mark unit in the crime lab?
-The firearms and tool mark unit examines firearms for proper functionality, performs test firings, conducts gunpowder pattern testing to determine distances, and compares fired bullets and cartridge cases to specific firearms. It also restores obscured serial numbers and uses the national integrated ballistic information network (NIBIN) for comparisons.
What does the forensic imaging unit do at the crime lab?
-The forensic imaging unit retrieves video from crime scenes, captures still images of suspects and vehicles, assists with video playback and review, and securely archives photographs of evidence. They also convert older analog media to digital formats for easier analysis.
How does the trace evidence unit contribute to crime investigations?
-The trace evidence unit collects and analyzes microscopic debris, such as hair, fibers, glass, and paint particles, to establish elements of a crime. They use tools like comparison microscopes and chemical analysis instruments to identify and compare evidence.
What is the significance of the forensic biology and DNA unit in the crime lab?
-The forensic biology and DNA unit examines evidence for biological matter, identifies biological fluids, and processes samples for DNA analysis. They develop DNA profiles from items of evidence and compare them to known DNA profiles to help solve cases.
What are some of the specialized techniques used by the crime scene unit?
-The crime scene unit uses specialized techniques such as shooting reconstruction, bullet trajectory analysis, blood stain pattern analysis, DNA and trace evidence collection, and latent fingerprint processing.
What is the role of the forensic chemistry unit in the crime lab?
-The forensic chemistry unit handles narcotics cases, blood alcohol analysis for DUI investigations, and ignitable liquid analysis for arson cases. They use instruments like gas chromatographs and mass spectrometers for substance identification and quantification.
Why is the ISO 17025 accreditation important for the Denver Police Crime Lab?
-ISO 17025 accreditation is important because it is an international standard that ensures the lab's testing and calibration services are reliable and accurate. Achieving this accreditation demonstrates the lab's commitment to quality and compliance with rigorous standards.
How does the quality assurance unit support the crime lab's operations?
-The quality assurance unit maintains documentation, ensures compliance with ISO standards, processes laboratory requests, manages case reports, orders supplies, processes subpoenas, and provides case discovery for trials, thereby supporting the overall quality and efficiency of the crime lab.
Outlines
🔎 Introduction to Forensic Science
The script opens with an enthusiastic introduction to the fun and fascinating world of forensic science, emphasizing its role in personal identification and evidence collection. It discusses the replacement of traditional guest work with modern scientific methods, highlighting the importance of preserving evidence for laboratory examination. The script introduces various scientific tools like emission spectrographs and mass spectrographs, and mentions the use of microscopes to compare evidence such as bullets. The Denver police crime lab is introduced, with Greg Lear, the director, explaining the lab's commitment to forensic investigations and community service. The video aims to provide insight into the workings of a forensic lab and inspire potential forensic scientists.
🔍 Firearm and Tool Mark Examination
This section delves into the operations of the Firearms and Tool Mark unit, detailing their examinations of firearms for functionality and evidence comparison. It includes test firing, gunpowder pattern testing, and microscopic comparison of bullets and cartridge cases. The unit also restores obscured serial numbers and uses the National Integrated Ballistic Information Network (NIBIN) to match evidence to previous incidents. The script mentions the use of a Leica comparison microscope for detailed examinations and the maintenance of a firearm reference collection for training and research.
📸 Forensic Imaging Techniques
The Forensic Imaging unit is highlighted for its role in video analysis and evidence retrieval from crime scenes. The unit captures still images of suspects and vehicles, assists with video playback, and uses sophisticated editing systems for complex cases. They also archive photographs of evidence and assist in cold case investigations by digitizing older media formats. The unit's responsibilities include photographing DPD personnel, victims, suspects, and property items for evidence purposes.
👁🗨 Latent Print and Trace Evidence Analysis
The Latent Prints unit's focus on developing and comparing latent prints to known records is discussed. They use tools like cyanoacrylate fuming chambers and databases to identify potential matches. The Trace Evidence unit's role in analyzing microscopic debris, such as hair, glass, and paint particles, is also covered. They use scanning electron microscopes and comparison microscopes to compare evidence with known samples. The unit also employs chemical analysis instruments like ion chromatographs to identify substances from debris.
🧬 Forensic Biology and DNA Analysis
The Forensic Biology and DNA unit's work on examining evidence for biological matter and developing DNA profiles is described. They handle a wide range of cases, including homicides, sexual assaults, and property crimes. The process involves visual examination, sample collection, DNA extraction, quantitation, amplification, and detection. The unit uses alternative light sources to locate invisible stains and stores biological evidence in a walk-in freezer. They also utilize the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) to match evidence to known profiles and solve cases.
🚔 Crime Scene Processing and Forensic Chemistry
The Crime Scene unit's responsibilities in managing and documenting crime scenes, collecting evidence, and employing various processing techniques are outlined. The unit has transitioned from sworn officers to civilian personnel. The Forensic Chemistry unit's work in narcotics analysis, blood alcohol testing, and arson investigations is also detailed. They use instruments like gas chromatographs and mass spectrometers for substance analysis and have achieved ISO 17025 accreditation, indicating compliance with international standards for testing and calibration services.
🏛️ Quality Assurance and Accreditation
The script concludes with a focus on the Forensic Quality Assurance unit's role in maintaining documentation, ensuring compliance with ISO standards, and supporting laboratory operations. The Denver Police Crime Laboratory's accreditation under ISO 17025 is emphasized, showcasing the lab's commitment to quality and reliability in forensic analysis. The journey to achieve accreditation for each unit within the lab is briefly recounted, highlighting the lab's dedication to excellence in forensic science.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Forensic Science
💡Latent Fingerprints
💡Firearms and Tool Mark Unit
💡Forensic Imaging
💡Trace Evidence
💡DNA Analysis
💡Crime Scene Unit
💡Forensic Chemistry
💡Quality Assurance
💡National Integrated Ballistic Information Network (NIBIN)
💡Cold Case Investigations
Highlights
Science plays a crucial role in criminal investigations, providing fascinating insights and methods.
Fingerprints are a key form of evidence, offering a positive means of personal identification.
Old-fashioned guesswork has been replaced by scientific techniques that save time and improve accuracy.
The Denver police crime lab is equipped with advanced tools like emission and mass spectrographs for evidence analysis.
Physical evidence is photographed and preserved for laboratory examination to maintain its integrity.
Dual microscopes are used to compare evidence, such as bullets, for identical markings.
The lab's clean spaces and protocols ensure that evidence remains uncontaminated.
The firearms and Tool Mark unit conducts various examinations, including mechanical function checks on firearms.
Gunpowder pattern testing helps determine the distance a firearm was from a victim.
The national integrated ballistic Information Network (NIBIN) is used to compare marks on cartridge cases.
Forensic Imaging retrieves and analyzes video evidence from crime scenes.
The latent prints unit uses a cyanoacrylate fuming chamber to develop latent prints on evidence.
Trace evidence unit analyzes microscopic debris to help establish the elements of a crime.
Forensic biology and DNA unit examines evidence for biological matter and develops DNA profiles.
The crime scene unit responds to and processes approximately 5,000 crime scenes each year.
The forensic chemistry unit handles narcotics cases and blood alcohol analysis.
The Denver police crime laboratory is accredited under ISO 17025, an international standard for testing and calibration services.
Transcripts
[Music]
science is fun it helps you to learn and
oh what fun it would
be fascinating interesting mysterious
wonderful this only the
beginning okay beans you all set to fire
it up fire it
up
this is called latent
[Music]
fingerprints fingerprints provide a
positive means of personal
identification and form an indisputable
Link in the chain of
evidence it is our responsibility to
identify stains that are made by the
various body
fluids old fashioned guest work is
replaced by it saving ours in following
useless
[Music]
clu to the scientist
scien the facilities we have available
for this purpose include the emission
spectrograph the mass
spectrograph fibers attached to the
window casing these pieces of evidence
are preserved for laboratory
examination check this
out
when physical evidence is found it is
immediately
photographed these pieces of evidence
are preserved for laboratory examination
Che
out here our dual microscopes being used
to see if two bullets are of identical
[Music]
make it's where
science they may prove innocence as well
as guilt
welcome to the Denver police crime lab
I'm Greg Lear director of the laboratory
this facility was developed with clean
spaces which are areas inside each crime
lab unit that must remain free of any
contamination masks gloves and lab coats
are required inside many of these clean
rooms which is why we can't give you a
closer look behind the scenes of the lab
instead we've produced this video to
give you an intimate look at what goes
into a forensic investigation you'll
learn about each unit of the crime lab
and how their results can impact the
outcome of criminal cases be sure to ask
your tour guide any questions you might
have especially if you're interested in
becoming a forensic scientist or a crime
scene investigator someday they are
unique professions and a great way to
serve the public and contribute to your
community we believe the Denver police
crime laboratory and our Personnel are
the best in the United States if not the
world and we strive to make Denver a
better place to to live and work every
single day you can find more information
about the Denver Police Department and
all the important work they do by
following them
online we hope you enjoy your time at
the crime lab and Come Away with a
better understanding of how forensic
investigations really
work the firearms and Tool Mark unit
conducts many different types of
examinations they do mechanical function
checks on Firearms to see if they're
working
properly this includes test firing of
firearms for
bullet and cartridge Cas
specimens for possible comparison with
evidence gunpowder pattern testing also
known as proximity testing to determine
the distance a firearm was from a
victim microscopic comparison of fired
bullets and cartridge cases to determine
if they were fired by a specific
firearm microscopic comparison of tools
like
screwdrivers wire cutters or punches to
Tool marks or physical matches left at a
crime
scene and restoration of obscured serial
numbers on firearms and other objects
using specialized
assets the firearms and Tool Mark unit
also utilizes the national integrated
ballistic Information Network or nbin
database entries and examinations nin
captures digital images and 3D
renderings of unique marks on fired
cartridge cases recovered from crime
scenes or test fired on our forensic
Firearms range it Compares these images
to others in the niban database to see
if they match any previous shooting
incidents any potential associations
found using the database are confirmed
via traditional microscopic comparisons
this is done using our Leica comparison
microscope which is the primary
instrument used by a firearm and Tool
Mark
examiner this microscope allows for the
side-by-side comparison of evidence at
up to 60 times
magnification the firearms and Tool Mark
unit maintains a large firearm reference
collection which serves an important
role in training and
research it provides a reference for
serial number appearance composition and
location and is a source for replacement
parts when they're needed to make
damaged or disassembled evidence
Firearms
operable the final stop on our tour of
the firearms and Tool Mark unit is the
forensic Firearms range this 75- ft long
space is used to safely test Firearms
when no bullet recovery is
necessary when a test bullet is needed
the bullet recovery tank is
[Music]
used this specialized water tank allows
for the collection of fired bullets that
maintain their original undamaged
condition
[Music]
the forensic Imaging unit consists of
personnel trained in forensic Imaging
techniques in video analysis using
scientific examination comparison and
evaluation of evidence in legal
matters the forensic Imaging unit's
primary function is retrieving video
from crime scenes to capture still
images of
suspects
vehicles and Persons of Interest for
investigators this unit also assists
detectives with playback and review of
acquired surveillance
video with video coming from many
different sources playback of
proprietary video can be quite complex
the images cannot be distorted or appear
altered in any way from their original
appearance of on the digital video
[Music]
recorder a sophisticated video editing
system is used to work on more complex
cases this software allows an analyst to
enhance a video image and make it easier
to view unique identifying
characteristics edited video will
sometimes be released to the public in
an attempt to locate suspects or Persons
of
[Music]
Interest the forensic Imaging unit is
also responsible for securely archiving
photographs of evidence from crime
scenes traffic investigations and other
crime lab units these images are sent to
a secure server then retrieved as needed
for detective case filings or
trial the unit photographs dpd personnel
as well as victims suspects and property
items for use as evidence and performs
other specialized photography as needed
by investigators they help train other
units to photograph evid
and also train sexual assault nurse
examiners throughout the city of
Denver finally the forensic Imaging unit
helps assist in Cold Case investigations
and prosecution this is done by
converting older analog media like VHS
tapes and audio cassettes to a cleaner
easier to navigate digital
[Music]
format
the main responsibility of the latent
prints unit is to process evidence for
the presence of latent prints then
compare them to known fingerprints and
palm
prints one of our main tools to develop
latent prints is the cyanoacrylate
fuming chamber also known as a superglue
chamber a small tray of superglue is
heated until it becomes a
vapor humidity is added to the chamber
causing the Vapor to adhere to any
latent print residue an individual may
have left
[Music]
behind a liquid die stain is then
applied to the items the stain adheres
to the cyanoacrylate residue making any
latent prints easier to view under a
laser the die stain on these items is
activated when put under the
laser wearing color filtered goggles an
examiner can visualize any possible
latent prints that may not be visible to
the naked
[Music]
eye when we have Laten prints to examine
and compare to known prints we have
access to two searchable databases one
is a federal database that searches
criminal civil and military print
records the other is a state database
that searches criminal and civil print
records
both databases assist us in identifying
latent prints by returning a list of
possible matches based on the unique
characteristics of each print an
examiner reviews this list to check for
any potential
matches if an identification appears
likely the examiner then completes a
manual comparison of the latent print to
the known print from the
database while there are many tools to
assist the latent prints unit in
identifying print matches this final
manual comparison is always completed by
an expertly trained Laten print
examiner almost 100 years ago Professor
Edmund lart stated for the microscopic
debris that covers our clothes and
bodies are the mute Witnesses sure and
faithful to all of our movements and all
of our encounters the trace evidence
unit is responsible for collecting and
analyzing that microscopic debris to
help establish the elements of a
crime analysis can be performed on the
smallest of items a single hair found on
a weapon used in an
assault glass discovered on the clothing
of a burglary suspect and even
microscopic particles of paint found on
the victim of a hit and
run
[Music]
[Music]
this kind of test is performed on a
scanning electron microscope which can
magnify items up to 300,000 times their
normal
size that's enough to detect microscopic
particles of explosive primer on a
suspect's hands or
clothing a common tool used by analysts
in this unit is the comparison
microscope a comparison microscope is
essentially two compound microscopes
tied together with an optical Bridge so
that details of known samples can be
compared side by side with samples of
potential
evidence other microscopes utilized in
the microscopy laboratory include a
polarizing
microscope fluorescence
microscope and phase contrast
[Music]
microscope the scientists in the trace
evidence unit also utilize modern
chemical analysis instruments in their
evaluations an ion chromatograph for
example is routinely used to identify
chemical ions contained in debris from
explosives
[Music]
investigations the forensic biology and
DNA unit occupies the entire second
floor of the Denver police crime
laboratory the forensic biology unit
examines EV evidence recovered from
crime scenes for potential biological
matter they identify biological fluids
then take swabs or cuttings from the
evidence and process them for
analysis cases that test positive in the
forensic biology unit go on to forensic
DNA analysis the goal of the DNA unit is
to develop DNA profiles from items of
evidence and compare them to known DNA
profiles from crime
investigations
evidence is examined from many types of
cases including homicides sexual
assaults robberies aggravated assaults
kidnapping and property crimes like
burglaries and theft from a motor
vehicle cold cases are also examined
including homicides and sexual assaults
dating back to the
1960s work in the forensic biology unit
begins with a visual examination of
evidence for staining
[Music]
biologists take samples of potential
stains to test for the presence of blood
semen saliva or cellular
material hairs can also be tested if
they contain Roots suitable for DNA
[Music]
analysis stains not visible to the naked
eye can be located with an alternative
light source some body fluids fluores
under this blue light making it a useful
tool for finding stain stains that
aren't visible using natural
[Music]
light any biological evidence obtained
is stored in a walk-in freezer until
it's ready for DNA
analysis the DNA analysis process uses a
variety of manual and cuttingedge
robotic methods to analyze samples and
develop DNA
profiles every DNA sample goes through a
four-step process the first is a DNA
extraction which is done to purify the
DNA in a
sample after extraction samples are
passed through a secure Chamber from the
pre-amplification to the
postamplification
laboratory the next step is DNA
quantitation which determines how much
DNA is present in each
sample that's followed by an
amplification step where the DNA is
copied millions of
times finally the DNA is detected on an
instrument called a genetic
analyzer this machine assembles the
finished DNA profile which analysts use
to determine if biologic evidence from a
crime scene matches the known DNA
profile of a victim or
suspect DNA cases that are submitted
without a known suspect can be searched
in the combin bined DNA index system or
codus database this is the largest DNA
catalog in the world with over 14
million profiles codus is used by law
enforcement agencies in the United
States to help solve unsolved
cases the primary responsibility of the
crime scene unit is to assist detectives
with a response to and processing of
approximately 5,000 crime scenes each
year crime scenes include everything
from burglaries auto theft and
aggravated assaults to more complex
scenes like homicides sex assaults and
officer involved
shootings processing crime scenes
involves crime scene
management documentation including
photography and
video and the identification collection
and preservation of
[Music]
evidence depending on the type of crime
scene several different specialized
processing techniques can be used these
include shooting reconstruction and
bullet
[Music]
trajectory blood stain pattern
[Music]
analysis DNA and trace evidence
collection
and Laten fingerprint
[Music]
processing the crime scene unit utilizes
a 35- fot mobile crime scene Command
Center at Major scenes to help
facilitate staging and
processing in the forensic garage at the
Denver police crime lab there are three
separate vehicle processing Bays one of
the Bays features a hydraulic lift used
to search for evidence on the underside
of
vehicles another Bay is equipped with a
cyanoacrylate or superglue fuming
chamber this allows investigators to
fume an entire vehicle at once then
locate recover and submit latent
fingerprints for
analysis a full complement of pneumatic
tools is also available in the forensic
garage these are used to disassemble
vehicles and recover
evidence
in 2013 the crime scene unit began a
change from sworn police officers to
civilian Personnel today the entire unit
is staffed by
[Music]
civilians the forensic chemistry unit
handles over 5,000 narcotics cases per
year which requires the analysis of 10
tens of thousands of
items the unit processes over 800 blood
alcohol cases each year used to
determine if a DUI has been
committed the forensic chemistry unit
also performs an analysis for ignitable
liquids and arson investigations to
assist the Denver police and fire
departments as part of its
state-of-the-art laboratory the forensic
chemistry unit has gas generators to
produce all the gases used by its
instruments
the generators produce hydrogen as a
carrier gas and fuel gas nitrogen as a
carrier gas and Ultra purified zero air
used in flame ionization detectors and
to purge water from some
instrumentation here vials of blood are
being prepared for heads space analysis
used in suspected DUI
cases alcohol in the blood samples is
analyzed by heating the blood to for
Force the volatile alcohol into the air
at the top of the
vial to start the process samples are
placed into a heated head space Auto
sampler this machine takes the vials and
places them into an
oven when they reach the proper
temperature a sample is collected from
the head space and injected into an
instrument called a gas
chromatograph the alcohol value of the
blood sample can then be determined
a common instrument used to analyze
controlled substances is the forer
transform infrared spectr
photometer it takes approximately 30
seconds to perform this analysis which
produces a structural identification of
relatively pure organic
compounds controlled substances are
verified using a series of color tests
to indicate the possible presence of
different
narcotics
the orange color here indicates the
sample contains an amphetamine like
compound possibly
methamphetamine the next sample remains
pink after testing indicating it does
not contain
cocaine and the third sample turns a
dark blue color which means there is a
secondary amine
present the result of these three tests
show the sample is likely
methamphetamine in addition to narcotics
testing the forensic chemistry unit also
analyzes for ignitable liquid in Arsen
debris
cases the sample being prepared here
will be heated in an oven along with a
carbon
tab the small tab which is placed on the
lid of the testing container will absorb
any volatile compounds that are driven
off the material
[Music]
inside those compounds are then
extracted from the carbon tab using a
solvent
they can be analyzed using an instrument
called a gas chromatograph Mass
spectrometer which is also used in
controlled substance
[Music]
analysis the forensic quality assurance
unit provides administrative support to
Crime Scene Personnel forensic
scientists and and laboratory management
quality assurance Personnel are
responsible for maintaining all
documentation and demonstrating
compliance with ISO standards in the
quality
program other responsibilities include
processing laboratory
requests
pagination filing of case
reports ordering laboratory
supplies processing
subpoenas and providing case Discovery
for trial
the Denver police crime laboratory is
accredited under ISO
17025 this is an international standard
that governs testing and calibration
Services it requires extensive
documentation and a quality system be in
place to monitor all activities and
forensic analysis completed within the
laboratory it took more than 7 years for
the crime lab to achieve ISO 17025
accreditation for every unit forensic bi
biology DNA was the first unit to
receive accreditation in 2005 they were
followed by forensic chemistry and trace
evidence in 2006 in 2009 the Firearms
tool Mark and Laton Prince units
completed accreditation and in 2011 the
forensic Imaging and crime scene units
received their accreditation making the
entire Denver police crime laboratory
ISO
17025
[Music]
accredited
d
d
浏览更多相关视频
Day in the Life - Forensic Technician Sarah Finch
Forensics Expert Explains How to Analyze Bloodstain Patterns | WIRED
Fundamentals of Crime Scene Processing
Forensic Files Season 11, Episode 5 - Shattered Dreams - Full Episode
16x9 - Behind The Yellow Line: Real CSI [Police Documentary]
How this man’s unique vacuum has helped with criminal investigations including the Angie Dodge case
5.0 / 5 (0 votes)