Fiqih 029: Zakat Barang Perniagaan - Ustadz Amir As-Soronji, Lc., M.Pd.I.

Summary

The video provides a detailed discussion on the concept of zakat, specifically focusing on zakat for trade goods and business assets. It explains the criteria for zakat eligibility, such as the nisab threshold, the passing of a year, and calculating the value of goods and debts. The speaker highlights the importance of careful zakat calculation and differentiates between various assets like livestock, gold, and trade goods. Additionally, it touches upon zakat for debts and buried treasures (rikaz), emphasizing fairness and accuracy in zakat payments.

Takeaways

• 😀 The topic of discussion is zakat, specifically on trading goods and the conditions for its application.
• 📊 Zakat on trading goods applies to any item prepared for sale, but there are specific conditions for its eligibility.
• 💡 Goods that inherently require zakat, like livestock or precious metals, are exempt from the trading goods zakat unless sold below the zakat threshold (nishab).
• 📏 The zakat threshold (nishab) for trading goods is equivalent to 85 grams of gold, which is around 50 million IDR.
• ⏳ Zakat becomes due once a full year has passed, provided the goods meet the threshold.
• 💰 The amount of zakat due is 2.5% of the total value of the goods, profits, and cash, minus any debts owed by the trader.
• 🏠 Goods not intended for sale, like personal homes or cars, do not require zakat unless they are used for business or rental purposes.
• 🧾 The process involves carefully calculating the value of all goods, and if complex, a cautious estimate can be made to ensure zakat obligations are met.
• 🛢️ Found wealth or resources, like buried treasure (rikaz) or natural resources like oil, have a zakat rate of 20%, higher than usual due to the lack of associated effort or costs.
• 📅 Zakat on receivables is only applicable when the debtor is expected to repay, and it's excluded when the debtor is struggling or delaying payment.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the lecture?

The lecture focuses on the topic of zakat (Islamic almsgiving) on trade goods, specifically discussing the conditions, rules, and calculations for zakat on business merchandise.

What is the definition of 'urud tijarah' or trade goods in the context of zakat?

'Urud tijarah' refers to any goods that are prepared for sale with the intention of gaining profit. These goods can be any item that is bought and sold for profit in commerce.

What is the first condition for zakat on trade goods?

The first condition is that the goods must not be items that are already subject to zakat, such as livestock or precious metals like gold and silver, which have their own zakat rules.

What happens if someone sells animals that are usually subject to zakat?

If someone sells animals like camels, cows, or sheep that are subject to zakat on livestock, they must pay the zakat for livestock, not for trade goods, unless the animals are below the minimum threshold (nishab).

What is the second condition for zakat on trade goods?

The second condition is that the value of the trade goods must reach the nishab, which is equivalent to the value of 85 grams of gold.

How should zakat on trade goods be calculated when one year has passed?

The value of the trade goods must be calculated, and 2.5% of that value is given as zakat. This is based on the market value of the goods at the time of zakat payment, not their purchase price.

What is the zakat rule if a merchant owns goods that are hard to count or assess?

If it is difficult for a merchant to calculate the exact value of their goods due to the quantity or complexity, they should estimate carefully and pay zakat based on that estimate, ensuring they meet their zakat obligation.

Are personal items like homes and cars subject to zakat?

No, personal items like homes or cars that are not intended for sale or business use are not subject to zakat. However, if these items are being used for business or trade, zakat must be paid on them.

What is the rule for zakat on debts owed to the merchant?

If the debt is from someone who is likely to repay it (e.g., a wealthy person), zakat must be paid on the debt amount. However, if the debtor is unlikely to repay or is delaying payment, zakat is not required until the debt is repaid.

What type of wealth should be used to pay zakat?

Zakat should be paid from average quality wealth, not from the best or worst of one's possessions. However, if someone wishes to pay from their best wealth, it is permissible.