What Are Estolides? - STLE 2021

Summary

Dr. Matthew Creek from Biosynthetic Technologies discusses the advancements in biosynthetic base oils, focusing on 'estelides'—polymerized chains of free fatty acids with enhanced hydrolytic stability. He evaluates estelides' performance against petrochemical oils across a wide viscosity range, highlighting their excellent solvency, low volatility, and good oxidative and hydrolytic stability. The script also explores estelides' application in various formulations, including gear oils, hydraulic fluids, and food-grade hydraulic fluids, demonstrating their environmental performance and potential as sustainable alternatives in lubricant formulations.

Takeaways

• 🧪 Ester-based polymers, known as 'estelides', are created by linking free fatty acids through a secondary ester bond, allowing for a range of viscosities by varying the chain length.
• 🌡 Estelides offer improved hydrolytic stability compared to traditional bio-based materials, which often use primary esters that are susceptible to degradation in the presence of water and heat.
• 📊 The viscosity range of estelides can be adjusted from ISO 22 to ISO 680, providing a wide array of applications from hydraulic fluids to gear oils.
• 🔬 Estelides exhibit good solvency, viscosity index, and low volatility, which are crucial for performance in low viscosity applications.
• 💧 Hydrolytic stability tests show that estelides maintain their integrity even when exposed to water, unlike some traditional bio-based oils.
• 🔥 Oxidative stability tests reveal that estelides perform similarly to petrochemical products, withstanding heat and maintaining their properties over time.
• 🤝 Estelides blend well with other base oils, such as PAOs and Group III, enhancing their properties without introducing negative effects.
• 🌱 Environmental performance of estelide-based formulations is high, with biodegradability levels exceeding 60%, meeting eco-friendly standards.
• 🛑 Toxicity tests indicate that estelide-based formulations are non-acutely toxic, which is a requirement for certain environmental applications.
• 💧 Demulsibility tests show that estelide-based fluids separate from water quickly, an important characteristic for hydraulic fluids.
• 🍽 A project sponsored by the United Soybean Board explored the use of high oleic soy oil blended with estelides for H1-approved food-grade hydraulic fluids, demonstrating the versatility of estelides in various applications.

Q & A

What is an ester bond and how does it relate to the formation of ester-based base oils?

An ester bond is a chemical linkage formed between the carboxylic group of one molecule and a hydroxyl group of another. In the context of ester-based base oils, the script describes an 'eslide' as a secondary ester bond across a site of functionality on a free fatty acid with the carboxylic group of another free fatty acid, allowing the polymerization of long chains of free fatty acids to create different viscosity ranges.

Why are secondary ester bonds preferred over primary ester bonds in ester-based base oils?

Secondary ester bonds are preferred due to their better hydrolytic stability. Primary esters are notorious for being unstable in the presence of water and can break down rapidly, especially under heat. Secondary esters, like those in 'eslides', are sterically hindered, providing enhanced resistance to hydrolysis, making them suitable for applications such as marine environments where traditional bio-based products may struggle.

What is the significance of the viscosity index in ester-based base oils?

The viscosity index is a measure of a fluid's resistance to changes in viscosity with temperature. Ester-based base oils with a good viscosity index, as mentioned in the script, maintain their viscosity across a wide temperature range, which is crucial for applications requiring stable performance under varying temperature conditions.

How does the solubility of ester-based base oils affect their performance in formulations?

The solubility of ester-based base oils, as indicated by the aniline point in the script, affects how well additives can be mixed into the base oil. Good solubility ensures that additives are evenly distributed, which is important for achieving desired properties such as lubricity and protection against wear in finished products.

What are some of the challenges traditional bio-based materials face in terms of hydrolytic stability?

Traditional bio-based materials often face challenges with hydrolytic stability due to the presence of primary ester bonds, which can break down in the presence of water, especially when heat is involved. This can lead to a rapid degradation of the material, limiting its application in environments where moisture is present.

How do ester-based base oils compare to petrochemical-derived base oils in terms of oxidative stability?

According to the script, ester-based base oils, specifically 'eslides', show very similar performance to petrochemical-derived base oils like PAOs and bright stocks in terms of oxidative stability. This is demonstrated through the RV pot test, where 'eslides' exhibit a high resistance to oxidation, a desirable trait for long-lasting performance in applications such as hydraulic fluids.

What is the role of the United Soybean Board in the development of ester-based hydraulic fluids?

The United Soybean Board sponsored a project mentioned in the script, which focused on the development of H1-approved, or food-grade, hydraulic fluids using a blend of ester-based base oils and high oleic soy oil. Their involvement supports the use of cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and high-quality base oils for various applications.

What are some of the key environmental performance metrics for ester-based hydraulic fluids?

Key environmental performance metrics for ester-based hydraulic fluids include biodegradability, as measured by the OECD 301B test method, and toxicity, as assessed by the 201, 202, and 203 tests. The script mentions that the formulations tested showed high biodegradability and non-acute toxicity, which are important for meeting environmental regulations and eco-label requirements.

How do ester-based base oils perform in terms of rust and foaming properties?

The script indicates that ester-based base oils, particularly those with 'eslide' technology, perform well in rust and foaming tests. They pass both fresh water and salt water rust tests without issue and demonstrate good demulsibility with no foaming tendencies, which are common challenges for traditional bio-based products.

What is the significance of the pour point in ester-based base oils?

The pour point is the lowest temperature at which a fluid will flow. It is significant for ester-based base oils because a lower pour point indicates that the oil will remain fluid and functional in colder temperatures. The script mentions that blending 'eslides' with other base oils, such as PAOs or group three stocks, can improve the pour point, enhancing the oil's performance in low-temperature applications.

How do different viscosity ranges of ester-based base oils impact their performance in various applications?

Different viscosity ranges of ester-based base oils allow them to be used in a variety of applications, from low-viscosity hydraulic fluids to high-viscosity gear oils. The script discusses how 'eslides' can be tailored to create products with specific viscosities, and how their performance in tests such as the four-ball weld test and RV pot test remains consistent across different viscosity grades.

Outlines

00:00

🧪 Introduction to Biosynthetic Base Oils

Dr. Matthew Creek from Biosynthetic Technologies introduces the topic of biosynthetic base oils, focusing on a specific type called 'estelides.' These are polymerized chains of free fatty acids linked by secondary ester bonds, offering a range of viscosities. Estelides are highlighted for their improved hydrolytic stability compared to traditional bio-based materials, which often suffer from instability due to primary ester bonds. The talk outlines the versatility of estelides across various viscosity ranges and their applications in marine environments and other areas where traditional bio-based products fall short.

05:01

📊 Evaluating Estelide Performance Across Viscosity Ranges

This section delves into the performance characteristics of estelides, comparing them to petrochemical-derived base oils and other bio-derived options. Estelides demonstrate good solvency, as measured by aniline point, and hydrolytic stability, as shown through various tests including an 'in-house torture test' and ASTM D2619. The oxidative stability of estelides is also evaluated, revealing that they perform similarly to PAOs and Group III base oils, with high resistance to breakdown in the presence of oxygen.

10:02

🛠 Performance of Estelide-based Formulations

The script discusses the performance of estelide-based formulations in different applications, such as gear oils and hydraulic fluids. An ISO 680 gear oil formulation using estelide demonstrates excellent wear and weld load capabilities, even when compared to commercially available products. The benefits of estelide's low pour point and solvency are highlighted, along with its compatibility with other base oils, which is crucial for creating formulations that meet specific viscosity requirements.

15:03

🌱 Environmental Performance of Estelide Blends

This paragraph examines the environmental performance of estelide blends, particularly in hydraulic fluids. The focus is on biodegradability, toxicity, and the overall eco-friendliness of the formulations. Estelide blends with PAO and Group III base oils show promising results, meeting or exceeding standards for biodegradability and passing non-acute toxicity tests. The paragraph also discusses the importance of these properties for applications requiring eco-friendly fluids, such as those covered by the Vessel General Permit.

20:04

🔄 Estelide Formulations for Various Viscosity Grades

Dr. Creek explores the performance of estelide in different viscosity grades, from ISO 46 to ISO 68, and their blends with Group III base oils. The formulations are tested for various properties, including pour point, viscosity index, and demulsibility. The results indicate that estelide formulations not only meet key performance metrics but also show improved demulsibility and oxidative stability compared to traditional bio-based products. The potential for these formulations to be used in food-grade applications is also discussed.

25:04

🌾 H1 Approved Hydraulic Fluids with Estelide

In the final paragraph, Dr. Creek presents a unique application of estelide in H1 approved, or food-contact, hydraulic fluids. The project, sponsored by the United Soybean Board, combines estelide with high oleic soy oil to create cost-effective and environmentally friendly formulations. The fluids are expected to meet high biodegradability and non-toxicity standards. While some challenges, such as foaming, are noted, the overall performance of these formulations in terms of rust and copper corrosion, as well as oxidative stability, is positive.

📞 Closing Remarks and Invitation for Questions

The script concludes with Dr. Creek thanking the audience for their attention and inviting any questions they may have. This closing segment serves as a polite and professional ending to the presentation, encouraging interaction and further discussion on the topic of estelide base oils and their applications.

Keywords

💡Ester

An ester is an organic compound formed by the reaction of an acid and an alcohol, resulting in the removal of water from the acid's carboxyl group. In the context of the video, esters are crucial in the formation of 'eslide' base oils, which are a focus of the presentation. The script discusses the use of secondary ester bonds in eslide to enhance hydrolytic stability, contrasting them with the less stable primary esters.

💡Base Oil

Base oil is the fundamental component of lubricants, providing the majority of the product's properties. The video script emphasizes the development and evaluation of 'eslide' as a new type of base oil, highlighting its performance across different viscosity ranges and its advantages over traditional bio-based materials.

💡Viscosity

Viscosity refers to a fluid's resistance to flow, which is a critical property in lubricants. The script discusses how 'eslide' base oils can be polymerized to create different viscosity ranges, from low-viscosity products to very thick materials, by varying the number of free fatty acids stacked together.

💡Hydrolytic Stability

Hydrolytic stability is the ability of a substance to resist breakdown in the presence of water. The video explains that 'eslide' base oils have superior hydrolytic stability due to their secondary ester bonds, which are less prone to hydrolysis compared to primary esters, making them suitable for applications like marine environments.

💡Solvency

Solvency is the ability of a substance to dissolve other materials. The script mentions that 'eslide' base oils have excellent solvency, which is important for ensuring that additives can be well mixed into the base oil, especially for low-viscosity eslide products.

💡Aniline Point

The aniline point is a measure of the solvency of oils and is determined by ASTM D611. The script uses this term to compare the solvency of 'eslide' base oils with other materials, noting that eslide has a very good solvency, which is beneficial for mixing with additives.

💡Biodegradability

Biodegradability is the ability of a substance to be broken down by living organisms. The video script discusses the high biodegradability of 'eslide'-based formulations, which is important for meeting environmental regulations and is a key performance metric for eco-friendly products.

💡H1 Approved

H1 approval refers to a classification for hydraulic fluids that are considered safe for use in environments that may come into contact with food products. The script describes a project to create 'eslide'-based hydraulic fluids that are H1 approved, emphasizing the use of food-grade additives and the importance of maintaining this status.

💡Four-Ball Weld Test

The Four-Ball Weld Test is a standard method for evaluating the load-carrying capacity and wear characteristics of lubricants. The script mentions this test in the context of evaluating the performance of 'eslide'-based gear oils, highlighting their good wear and weld load capabilities.

💡Rust and Corrosion

Rust and corrosion resistance are important properties for lubricants, especially in environments where metal components are exposed to moisture. The script discusses the rust and copper corrosion performance of 'eslide'-based products, noting that they passed tests without issues, which is crucial for the longevity and protection of machinery.

💡Oxidative Stability

Oxidative stability is the ability of a substance to resist chemical decomposition due to oxidation, which is a key factor in the longevity of lubricants. The script describes the oxidative stability of 'eslide' base oils, noting that they perform similarly to petrochemical products and that viscosity has little effect on this property.

Highlights

Dr. Matthew Creek from Biosynthetic Technologies discusses the latest advancements in biosynthetic base oils.

Explains what an ester bond is and its role in creating different viscosity ranges in base oils.

Ester bonds offer improved hydrolytic stability compared to primary esters, beneficial for marine applications.

Estellides, a type of ester, have a wide viscosity range from ISO 22 to ISO 680.

Estellides exhibit good viscosity indexes, pour points, flash points, and low volatility.

Solvency and aniline point measurements show estellides have excellent solvency properties.

Estellides demonstrate high hydrolytic stability, even in the presence of water and heat.

Oxidative stability tests reveal estellides' performance similar to petrochemical products.

Estellides' performance in gear oil formulations meets or exceeds industry standards.

ISO 220 gear oil formulation with estellides shows excellent rust and foam resistance.

Hydraulic fluid formulations using estellides blended with PAOs and Group III base oils.

Biodegradability tests show estellides-based hydraulic fluids meet environmental performance standards.

Estellides blended with soy oil create H1 approved, food-grade hydraulic fluids.

Estellides' performance in various viscosity grades and blends is promising for eco-friendly applications.

Estellides show good compatibility with other base oils, enhancing properties such as viscosity index and pour point.

The United Soybean Board sponsored research into food-grade hydraulic fluids using estellides.

Estellides-based formulations exhibit excellent rust and copper corrosion resistance.

Dr. Creek concludes the presentation by summarizing the wide-ranging performance of estellides.

Transcripts

hello i'm dr matthew creek with

biosynthetic technologies and today i'm

going to be talking about the latest in

biosynthetic base oils

evaluating estellite performance

characteristics and expanding viscosity

ranges

so to get going first want to explain

what an slide

is especially from a base oil

perspective

so an eslide is actually a secondary

ester bond across a site of

functionality on a free fatty acid

with the head carboxylic group of

another free fatty acid

this allows us to essentially polymerize

long chains of free fatty acids

as long as they have some type of

functionality say a double bond in a

layer

or a hydroxy group in 12 hsa

this is allow this allows us to

basically pick the number of

uh free fatty acids that we're going to

stack together

to create different viscosity ranges so

for a very low viscosity say like a four

semester

product it would just be one one free

fatty acid

stacked on another or if you're trying

to make say a very thick material you

might stack 20 or 25 of these molecules

together

what's nice is the chemistry remains the

same

despite the viscosity range because

you're using the same materials

throughout the building that s light at

different viscosity ranges

what's also nice about slides is they

solve some of the problems

inherent to traditional bio-based

materials in that they're employing a

secondary ester bond versus a primary

ester

primasters are notorious for hydrolytic

instability

so a little water in your base oil and

they can fall apart

quite rapidly especially if there's a

little heat present

s light bonds are a secondary ester

they're sterically hindered

that allows them to have better

hydrolytic stability and thus uh

work really well in things like marine

applications

or traditional bio-based products

struggle a little bit more

and what we've done is we've looked uh

what's commercially available for slides

on the market when it comes to base oils

so we can compare their performance to

other base oils

across these larger viscosity ranges and

currently

uh the entire viscosity range of

vestalized range from about four

centistokes at 100 degrees

out to about 75 cenos 100 degrees

this correlates roughly to an iso 22 all

the way up to an iso 680.

so this is very good this allows us to

basically test

lots of different applications of these

base oils from say hydraulic fluids all

the way up to

thick gear oils if you will here's some

of the properties

uh that have been measured uh for these

these estee lites they tend to have good

viscosity indexes

uh good poor points uh average poor

points good flash

um low water and very good no acts so

they're not very volatile which is

really good for kind of

low viscosity applications so our goal

was to look at these estelite base oils

as a function of performance against

other base oils

for similar applications and to start

out we are just looking at the

performance of the base oils themselves

these were compared to both

petrochemical derived base oils like

group one

two three paos and pegs

and they were also compared to things

like esters diesters complex

esters polyesters that are more

traditional in the kind of bioderived or

oleospace

one of the first things we measured was

solvency or aniline point

as measured by astm d611

and in here what you're seeing is that

estelides compared to other materials

especially

other petrochemical derived base oils

have very good solvency the lowest

viscosity slides have

the lowest animal point uh measured

for a base oil uh you know if you're

working with things like pao

or a highly refined group three

sometimes you can struggle to get your

additives mixed well

into that to that base oil and this is

because of

its kind of poor solvency

characteristics whereas things like um

pegs uh estellides and some of the like

polyol esters

didn't have much better solvency but

once again what's interesting here is uh

the low viscosity slides

have some of the best solvency measured

for this test methodology

we've also looked at hydrolytic

stability

for these molecules since this is a

traditional weakness of oleo or

bioderived

base oils we've run a couple different

methodologies one was the astm d2619

modified from 48 hours out to 144

we compared esthelides at high viscosity

ranges

to that of a more traditional

petrochemical derived like pao or bright

stocks

and here you can see a very little

change

in the acid number uh of the s

what this means is even in the presence

of water you're not breaking down and

creating those free fatty acids

uh instead it's remaining as a single

molecule similar to what you'd see

obviously with paos and bright stocks

these are traditionally very

hydrolytically stable molecules

so in a lot of ways estellites perform a

lot like a petrochemical products when

it comes to

hydrolytic stability we also created

kind of an in-house torture test to

measure

the difference between base oils for

hydrolytic stability

and what's done here is a sample of the

base oil

is mixed with one percent uh water by

weight

heated to 180 degrees fahrenheit and

stirred at 500 rpm

and once again we used all the

traditional base oils group one two

threes

we use pao pags estelize and traditional

esters

and at the very bottom here through the

eight week what we're measuring is a

change in tan

uh over time and what you see is that on

the bottom

really at the very bottom where there's

no movement this is where your pegs your

peos your group threes tend to be

they're very hydrolytically

stable products but higher uh

what you see is is the acid number

rising very quickly or what you see is

like traditional esters so these are

things like tnp oleates

other polyol esters some complex esters

some diesters

these all employ primary ester bonds

which are hydraulically unstable

some do better than others but for the

most part they all have a significant

rise

and then just barely off the baseline

you see the

the estelide at various viscosity ranges

as well

and they behave much similar to pags pos

and group threes

than traditional esters now eventually

at week eight you saw a slight rise

um because those those ester bonds will

eventually break down

in the presence of water uh but that has

been dramatically reduced by employing

that secondary ester bond so once again

across kind of all viscosity ranges

slides behave

more similar to pegs paos and group

threes uh than traditional esters

from an oxidative stability standpoint

and i'm sorry for a hydrolytic stability

standpoint

from an oxidative stability standpoint

we used the d-2272 methodology

to look at the full range of s-lite

viscosities once again compared to

other base oils here once again the the

lack of double bonds

say like in fully saturated synthetic

esters or in

pao or highly refined group threes tend

to produce very good results

all these samples are treated with a one

percent treat rate of antioxidant

which was a half a percent phenolic and

half percent of munich ao

so they all had similar treat rates and

we ran the rv pot test methodology and

measured the end point

uh as expected group threes paos did

very well in this test

almost you know 1300 to 1400 minutes

whereas pegs were not nearly as

optionally stable

or kind of high vis paos or some of the

esters measured

once again estalides at kind of the mins

and max's of their viscosity ranges

show very similar performance to group

threes and paos meaning these are very

oxidatively stable molecules as well at

both viscosity ranges in fact it looks

like viscosity has almost no

effect on on the measured results of

oxidative stability

um and this being a fully

saturated synthetic molecule that does

make sense from an end result

so now we're going to talk about

performance kind of across viscosity

range

as a function of finish formulations and

so

a number of different finish

formulations were put together

and the performance of those

formulations were measured

with s slides at different viscosities

so first up is we looked at an iso 680

gear oil

using a commercially available estelide

this was a

essentially 95 percent s slide and five

percent additive treat rate with a

eu local eco label approved ad package

and here we basically measured the kind

of the four ball weld

uh characteristics uh of the material

and compared it against other

commercially available iso 680s on the

market

so you can see it's kind of the overall

test data for the iso

minus 21 port point which is expected

really from

being a 95 percent content estellade uh

but overall very good

four ball kind of wear and weld load

capabilities in fact

uh at the really high treat rates with

this eco label at five percent and three

percent we kind of got best in class

and these are uh gear oils that are both

mineral

um uh or petrochemical derived base oils

as well as utilizing bio-based

uh the estelite by itself unaditized uh

almost equal kind of the bottom tier

what you see for for some of these gear

oils

so that's an interesting result uh for

the slides

um we wanted to obviously we care a lot

about viscosity uh with this data set

and so we also wanted to make a gear oil

uh that was much lower and so this case

we targeted iso 220 so we stepped that

viscosity down

and measured a lot of the similar things

good flash point

good four ball wear four ball well load

but here what we were interested in as

well as comparing it more to

other eco label products that are

commercially on the market

and in this case uh these other

commercial products

are non-sli derived base oils versus the

estella gear oil

they're all in the same iso grade so in

iso 220.

and then we looked at a number of things

you can see the slide

has kind of the worst poor point

behavior whereas the others are more

closer to minus thirty to minus forty

but the one thing the sli does very well

at this viscosity range

is it passed rust demolisability and

foam

uh with no problem and this once again

these are kind of some of the bugaboos

of traditional bio-based

products whereas the other commercial

products either failed rust or failed

emulsibility

and you can see the slight got a clean

uh clean break

zero there on emulsion layer at about 15

minutes which is a very good result for

a biobased product

so at this viscosity range really good

kind of overall performance

of this gear oil package at an iso 220.

so next up is talking a little bit about

hydraulic

fluid performance this allows us to move

the viscosity range

into to lower viscosities

the first up was an iso 46

and i should say one of the things that

we attempted to do

uh to measure s-lite performance was

also to blend it with

other base oils to see how well it

behaves so so

a lot of the hydraulic fluid

formulations will work around iso 46 or

68

but we're going to vary the uh we're

going to co-blend it

with other base oils to see how they

behave what's nice about that is we can

use different viscosities of estellites

all the way kind of from that force in a

stoke up to say an iso 150 to blend with

with these other group threes to really

test that you know how things change as

a function of

viscosity performance of the estelide

so this first formulation was a a esteli

pao blend at an iso 46 uh this basically

used an esolide

and pao at about seventy percent

estelide and thirty percent po roughly

with a standard off-the-shelf hydraulic

additive package at about point eight

percent

what you see is um the poor point here

has been uh dramatically improved and

this is really

um the s slide we believe is basically

taking on the positive properties of the

pao

do that a good good solvency they mix

very well and so the estee light is

actually enhanced by the

that very positive pao low pour point um

very good vi so the vi kind of translate

very well with both pao and estelide

slightly lower flash

driven by the kind of a low viscosity

pao

the s light uplifted this sum but other

things you expect once again is remember

oxidative hydraulic stability are

traditional weaknesses of some

oleo-derived base oils and here we got

an 800-minute rv pot test

and a very low change 0.06

in the hydraulic stability d2619

test method and so what you see here is

at low viscosities uh even in blends and

funnel formulations the slides

seem to retain their good oxidative and

hydraulic stability

but they also play well with other base

oils in this case the

they kind of were enhanced from four

point perspective

and even a little bit of a vi

perspective by using pio as a coblen so

they play well together

but they don't really have any of the

negative benefits uh attributed or from

from blending so

so i thought that was a very interesting

uh data result for a lower viscosity

product

so next up is a an iso 46 as well

except this time it was blended with a

group three product

and uh so a slightly slightly different

base oil co blend

uh you know paos and group threes are

definitely different technology

but we wanted to look at similar aspects

and we also wanted to kind of test

some of the environmental performance

you see

for such a co blend in this case there's

about 40 percent estalide

and about 60 group 3 based on

viscosities

uh and once again with a standard

off-the-shelf additive package

once again very close to 0.8 percent

almost 0.9 percent

we did measure uh biodegradability of

the finished formulation using the oecd

301b

test method they came in at 75 i mean

this is

very good you think about things like

the vessel general permit requirements

for eco-friendly uh hydraulic fluids or

eco-friendly fluids or lubricants they

need to be above sixty percent

and so uh the final formulation just not

the base oil this includes the additive

pack and the group three

was at seventy percent which is a great

result we also ran the 201 22 and 203

for

toxicity 100 ppm and we're all found to

be non-acutely toxic

which is once again a requirement for

for free gp

and in eco-label applications

the test data came back uh quite nice as

well you can see that the

good viscosity index even with the group

3 of 160

we got it in grade right on target iso

46

poor point the group 3 actually

once again helps the us to light out

here it helps drop that pour point and

helps the additive

poor point depressant we think improve

overall

for for these types of co blends so they

play well together

good flash point good color and once

again if you think about a lot of the

the key issues with

other olio or biobased products around

rust demolisability and foaming

here you can see both fresh water and

salt water

rust testing pass without a problem

really good copper corrosion 1a

the mulcivility was a 40 40 0

at 15 minutes separation and so this is

a great demolishability result

no foaming tendencies which is also an

issue you see with other olio derived

molecules uh you know decent four ball

wear performance

and once again both uh hydrolytic

stability and oxidative stability which

we really view as

it's important metrics for the the life

of these fluids especially used in say

like marine applications

here we have very good very small

changes in

in tan over time and a very decent

rpvot test of about 600 minutes this is

lower than we saw let's say with the pa

pao test method by utilizing i think

some of the group three

but it did it did stay quite high i

think a 600 minute result is actually

quite good for oxidative stability

and obviously i think what's interesting

about this result is is we've used kind

of different

ratio blends of group three and

estelides

uh and still got very good results and

so all the key metrics that

are kind of being targeted for success

in a final formulation are being met

here and

overall this would be a very cost

effective formulation that really meets

you know very high quality environmental

performance

expanding on that slightly once again

because we're really interested in

different viscosity ranges

we also made an iso 68 blend with a

group three

as well and here we're basically

flipping the ratios of that estelide to

group three

to see what impact it has on the final

formulation

and the performance of the overall uh

finished fluid

and once again we ran the environmental

performance test slightly better

biodegradation

this is expected since now we have a

much higher component of slide in the

final formulation

you should see an uplift no change in

toxicity

once again that would be expected based

on

not too significant of a change of a

formulation

i will say in in this in this

formulation it's a slightly different

additive

technology that actually is an eco-label

compatible

additive for this hydraulic fluid

formulation

and so it was good to see the

environmental performance using that

equal label as well

we also ran the standard kind of

performance uh uh

data on this set um so once again in

grade iso 68

poor point stayed about the same so

there was really no change there and

once again this is being enhanced by

that that group three blend

um what's really interesting on this

result is the demolisability

this was a five minute demolisability

pass which is the lowest pass we've seen

uh for uh really you know oleo derived

base fluids

and that kind of goes counter because

the the the

formulation that used uh opposite where

it was forty percent s slide sixty

percent group three

was a fifteen minute pass and and we

assumed by by adding more slide you know

you'd see at least fifteen maybe a

little bit longer in this case it

actually improved the data

and so we thought that was an

interesting result so once again just

shows really how

good the dimulsibility is of these

estelide products

once again past foam without any issues

very good

copper corrosion 1a past all the rust

and a very very good oxidative

result here so remember this is a

different additive package so

probably different aos and this one over

a thousand minutes for the rpvot test so

a

super oxidatively stable molecule

hydrolytic hydrolytic stability data is

still being run on this formulation

so we're awaiting those results but this

formulation has gone

through actually elastomer compatibility

testing as well with a-gear

and is an a-gear approved use for their

seals

in say stern tube fluids so once again

a very interesting result at a kind of a

different viscosity grade with these

molecules

with the finished formulation and so it

looks like the s slides

used in conjunction with other code

bases at various viscosities

work very well and finally i wanted to

kind of take a slightly different

direction

in this case this is a hydro

hydraulic fluid that would be h1

approved so

h1 approved or food grade food contact

a molecule that uses higher lake soy oil

blended with an esolite now i should

point out this project was sponsored by

the united soybean board

under a grant and we we like the use of

highlight soy oil

because it makes the formulation cost

effective it keeps the h1 status of the

overall formulation

and it allows us to kind of once again

formulate across a number of viscosity

ranges

with different code blends so it kind of

continues that theme in this case what

we're really focusing on here is

is an iso 46 and iso 68 hydraulic fluid

all of these need to be hx1 components

we have an h1 certified

hydraulic fluid at the end so it

primarily uses a blend of low viscosity

and high viscosity slides

with 30 percent high leg soy oil and a

food grade additive package that is hx1

certified

at around four and a half percent so the

only difference here between the axis of

46

and the 68 is really changing the

percent blends of the two

of the two estelides

we're still awaiting some of the

environmental data

for this we expect this to easily get

above 60 percent

it should probably be above 70 even 80

percent these are very biodegradable

formulation overall

obviously understanding with the

additive additive pack especially for

four and a half percent dust that is

important uh

we also view these as to be easily

passed the the non-acutely toxic

requirements for the 201 202 and 203

tests

we did get a significant amount of the

performance data back on

on these blends using slides and

highlight soy oil

they're within grade poor points of

minus

20 to 21. this review is being driven

primarily now by the s slide it's got

essentially the best

pour component uh in the bunch

uh all the rust testing passed we had a

little bit of salt water issue in one on

the

iso68 probably needs a little bit more

top treat to pass final formulation

but the copper corrosion came great at

1a

and so rust and copper and kind of flash

all that pretty good data

for a food grade formulation

that data set is continued on the next

slide once again a

very good dimulsibility across this

formulation

so separation in 10 to 15 minutes with

no emulsified layer for all of them

i'd say the one area of concern we've

seen with this formulation

is is foaming we have seen some foaming

tendency

a i think a a little bit of a top treat

with a

hx1 approved anti-foam agent probably is

necessary to kind of bring these into

line with what you need for the

astm hydraulic fluid uh

pass or test methodology but easily

enough to i think fix with with a little

bit of formulation work

um good four ball results

uh and then once again oxidative

stability so obviously lower here

uh somewhat being driven by the

inclusion of double bonds in that

highlight soy oil

but overall still a very good result for

a bio based or olio derived product

we've seen tmp oleats that come in

around 45 minutes

in some of these formulations so this is

a this is a good kind of

early result uh if you use an all

estilite formulation you can see

that's driven considerably higher uh and

once again remember

some of these numbers are derived that

were limited to food grade or hx1

certified additives

so there will be a change in performance

on overall oxidative stability

good hydraulic stability uh and no

problem of copper appearance on this

molecule so once again

you know using a totally different base

oil at different viscosities and blends

uh even for food type applications we

see very good results

uh with the estelides in conjunction

with highlight soy oil once again

this portion was sponsored by ned's

soybean board and i think generated some

some very interesting data

so uh with that i'd like to thank you uh

for taking some time to look at this

presentation

uh hopefully you've seen that s slides

have interesting performance across a

wide viscosity range

and blended with different co-bases i'm

happy to take any questions by chant

chat and thank you and have a wonderful

day cheers