21st Century Literature From the Philippines Introduction

Summary

The video is an introduction to the 21st Century Literature course for incoming Grade 12 GAS students, focusing on both Philippine and world literature. It starts with a definition of literature, its origins, and its significance. The discussion covers the importance of literature in understanding human experiences, cultural history, and societal values. The video also outlines literary standards like universality, artistry, and permanence, and explores various literary approaches such as moral, sociological, cultural, and psychological. The session emphasizes the multifaceted nature of literature and its role in reflecting and shaping human experiences.

Takeaways

• 📚 Introduction to 21st-century literature from the Philippines and the world, for Grade 12 GAS students.
• 📝 The subject is divided into two parts: Philippine literature and world literature, starting with Philippine literature.
• 🇵🇭 Explanation of Philippine literature will be in Filipino.
• 📖 Definition of literature: derived from a Latin word meaning 'an acquaintance with letters'; encompasses written, oral, and visual works.
• 💡 Importance of studying literature: it reflects life, culture, and human experiences.
• 🌍 Literature helps us understand the culture of people across time and space, revealing both past and present.
• 🎨 Literary standards include universality, artistry, intellectual value, permanence, style, spiritual value, and suggestiveness.
• 🔍 Literary approaches for analysis: moral/humanistic, sociological, cultural, and psychological.
• 👥 Examples of significant works: 'El Filibusterismo' and 'Noli Me Tangere' by Jose Rizal.
• 🎥 Literature also includes modern forms like movies, which can provide inspiration and convey important messages.

Q & A

What is the subject of the class being introduced?

The subject of the class is 21st century literature from the Philippines and the world.

Who are the intended students for this class?

The intended students are incoming grade 12 GAS (General Academic Strand) students.

How is the class content divided?

The class content is divided into two parts: Philippine literature and world literature.

What is the initial focus of the class?

The initial focus of the class is on Philippine literature.

How is literature defined in the class?

Literature is defined as a body of work, either written, oral, or visual, containing imaginative language that realistically portrays thoughts, emotions, and experiences of the human condition.

What does Webster's dictionary define literature as?

Webster's dictionary defines literature as anything that is printed as long as it's related to the ideas and feelings of people, whether it's true or just a product of one's imagination.

Why is studying literature important?

Studying literature is important because it reflects life, helps understand the culture of people across time and space, and provides insights into the past and present life of nations.

What are some examples of literary works mentioned in the script?

Some examples of literary works mentioned are 'El Filibusterismo' and 'Noli Me Tangere' by José Rizal.

What are the literary standards mentioned in the script?

The literary standards mentioned are universality, artistry, intellectual value, permanence, style, spiritual value, and suggestiveness.

What is the significance of the universality standard in literature?

Universality means that great literature is timeless and timely, appealing to anyone at any time because it deals with fundamental feelings, truths, and universal conditions.

What does the script say about the artistic quality of literature?

The artistic quality of literature appeals to our sense of beauty and is often associated with the word 'artistic.'

What is meant by the intellectual value of literature?

The intellectual value of literature stimulates thought, enriches mental life, and makes readers realize fundamental truths about life and human nature.

What does 'permanence' refer to in the context of literature?

Permanence refers to the enduring nature of great literary works, which can be read repeatedly, providing fresh delight, new ideas, and lasting appeal.

How is the style of a literary work described in the script?

Style is described as the peculiar way in which a writer forms and expresses their ideas, impacting how the work is perceived.

What is the spiritual value of literature?

The spiritual value of literature elevates the spirit by bringing out moral values and inspiring readers, contributing to making them better individuals.

What does suggestiveness in literature involve?

Suggestiveness in literature involves its emotional power, moving readers deeply, stirring feelings and imagination, and evoking visions beyond ordinary life.

What are the different literary approaches mentioned in the script?

The literary approaches mentioned are moral or humanistic, sociological, cultural, and psychological.

What is the focus of the moral or humanistic approach?

The moral or humanistic approach focuses on discussing man and his nature, emphasizing ethical goodness or badness.

How does the sociological approach analyze literature?

The sociological approach analyzes literature based on social classes, examining the story through the lens of social status and societal issues.

What does the cultural approach in literature examine?

The cultural approach examines literature as a manifestation and vehicle of a nation's or race's culture and tradition.

What is the focus of the psychological approach in literature?

The psychological approach focuses on the expression of personality, inner drives, and neuroses, analyzing characters, symbols, themes, and the psychology of creation.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to 21st Century Literature

The video begins with a greeting and an introduction to the course on 21st-century literature from the Philippines and the world, aimed at incoming grade 12 students. The subject is divided into two parts: Philippine literature and world literature, starting with the former. The definition of literature is explored, highlighting its origins from the Latin word 'litteratura,' which means acquaintance with letters. Literature encompasses written, oral, and visual works that realistically portray thoughts, emotions, and human experiences. Examples include poems and significant works like 'El Filibusterismo' and 'Noli Me Tangere.'

05:16

🌏 The Cultural Importance of Literature

The discussion emphasizes the importance of literature in understanding the culture of different people across time and space. Literature helps us learn about the past and present of a nation. The example of 'Titanic' is used to illustrate how literature can be timeless and relevant, appealing to people across different periods and locations. The conversation also touches on literary standards and characteristics, such as universality, which makes great literature timeless and appealing to everyone.

10:16

🎨 Artistry and Intellectual Value in Literature

This section covers the aesthetic and intellectual aspects of literature. Artistry in literature appeals to our sense of beauty, while intellectual value stimulates thought and enriches our mental life by conveying fundamental truths about life and human nature. The concept of permanence in literature is introduced, noting that great works can be enjoyed repeatedly, providing fresh insights and lasting appeal. Examples like 'Harry Potter' are cited to illustrate the enduring nature of certain literary works.

15:18

📖 Literary Approaches

Various literary approaches are discussed, which are methods used to study and analyze literature. The moral or humanistic approach focuses on man's nature and ethical questions of right and wrong. The sociological approach examines literature through the lens of social classes and societal structures. The cultural approach views literature as a reflection of a nation's culture and traditions, while the psychological approach explores literature as an expression of personality, inner drives, or neuroses. Each approach offers a unique perspective on interpreting literary works.

20:19

🔍 Conclusion and Credits

The video concludes with a brief mention of the use of various photos in the presentation, clarifying that the presenter does not own these images and credits go to the rightful owners. The instructor signs off, indicating that this was an introductory session to 21st-century literature and that the audience can expect more detailed discussions in subsequent lessons.

Keywords

💡Literature

Literature is defined as a body of work that is written, oral, or visual, containing imaginative language that realistically portrays thoughts, emotions, and experiences of human conditions. In the video, it is the central subject being taught, with examples including poems and novels like 'El Filibusterismo' and 'Noli Me Tangere'.

💡Philippine Literature

Philippine Literature refers to the body of work originating from the Philippines, capturing the experiences, culture, and history of the Filipino people. The video emphasizes its importance and discusses it in the Filipino language for better understanding, as it is the first part of the course content.

💡World Literature

World Literature encompasses literary works from across the globe, representing diverse cultures, experiences, and historical contexts. In the video, this forms the second part of the course, indicating a comprehensive study of literature beyond the Philippines.

💡Imaginative Language

Imaginative Language is the use of creative and inventive language to realistically portray thoughts, emotions, and experiences. The video mentions this as a characteristic of literature, highlighting its role in making literature engaging and reflective of human conditions.

💡Webster's Definition

Webster defines literature as anything that is printed, related to ideas and feelings of people, whether true or a product of imagination. This definition is mentioned in the video to provide a formal understanding of what constitutes literature.

💡Cultural Understanding

Cultural Understanding refers to the knowledge and appreciation of the culture of different people across time and space. The video highlights that through literature, one learns about the culture, values, and experiences of different people, which is an important aspect of studying literature.

💡Universality

Universality is a literary standard indicating that great literature is timeless and appeals to people across different eras. In the video, examples like 'Titanic' and works of Shakespeare are cited to illustrate this characteristic, showing that certain literary works remain relevant and influential over time.

💡Artistry

Artistry in literature refers to the quality that appeals to our sense of beauty and aesthetics. The video discusses this as one of the literary standards, emphasizing that great literary works possess an artistic quality that makes them beautiful and engaging.

💡Intellectual Value

Intellectual Value means that literature stimulates thought and enriches mental life by making readers realize fundamental truths about life and human nature. The video mentions this as a key characteristic, with examples like 'Harry Potter' that offer new ideas and experiences upon repeated readings.

💡Moral or Humanistic Approach

The Moral or Humanistic Approach to literature focuses on discussing human nature, ethics, and morality. The video introduces this approach as one way to study literary pieces, analyzing whether actions in a story are morally right or wrong, thus exploring ethical dimensions in literature.

Highlights

Welcome to 21st century literature from the Philippines and the world, a subject for incoming Grade 12 GAS students.

The course is divided into two parts: Philippine literature and world literature, starting with Philippine literature.

Literature is defined as a body of work, either written, oral, or visual, containing imaginative language that realistically portrays thoughts, emotions, and experiences of the human condition.

Webster defines literature as anything that is printed, related to the ideas and feelings of people, whether true or imagined.

Literature expresses feelings and experiences, like in poems which are considered part of literature.

Literature is a product of culture, representing values, emotions, actions, and ideas, such as 'El Filibusterismo' and 'Noli Me Tangere'.

Studying literature allows us to reflect on life, understanding our own experiences and feelings, and learning from the history of being colonized for 333 years.

Through literature, we learn about the culture of people across time and space.

Literature helps us understand not only the past life of a nation but also its present.

Great literature is timeless and timely, appealing to anyone, anytime, anywhere, like Shakespeare's works.

Artistry in literature appeals to our sense of beauty, deriving from the word 'artistic'.

Literature stimulates thought and enriches our mental life, making us realize fundamental truths about life and human nature.

Great works of literature endure, providing fresh delight and new ideas through multiple readings, like 'Harry Potter'.

Literary style is the peculiar way a writer forms and expresses their ideas.

Literature elevates the spirit by bringing out moral values, making us better people, like the example of not judging others wrongly.

Literature's emotional power moves us deeply, stirring feelings and imagination beyond ordinary life experiences.

Different literary approaches include moral/humanistic, sociological, cultural, and psychological, each providing unique perspectives on literature.

The moral or humanistic approach focuses on the ethical goodness or badness of characters' actions.

The sociological approach examines literature based on social classes and statuses.

The cultural approach views literature as a manifestation of a nation's or race's culture and traditions.

The psychological approach analyzes literature as an expression of personality, inner drives, or neuroses.

Transcripts

hi guys good afternoon and

welcome to 21st century

literature from the philippines and the

world

this subject is for grade

12 incoming grade 12 gas students they

were my former

um they were my former

students in our world religion

so without further ado

let's start but for this class since

uh 21st century is actually divided into

two

the first part is philippine literature

and the second part

is the world literature we will tackle

first the

philippine literature before the other

one and since we are talking about

philippine literature

um i will be explaining it in

filipino language

for this is so this is for week one

uh the first thing that we will be doing

today is to define

what is literature so literature

came from a latin word which literally

means an acquaintance

with letters ibiza began

another definition is it is

a body of work either written

oral or visual containing imaginative

language

that realistically portrays thoughts

emotions and experiences of

the human conditions

when we say oral oral it includes

speaking and visual it

when it comes to webster webster defines

literature as

anything that is printed as long as it's

related to the ideas

and feelings of people whether it's true

or just a product of one's imagination

the okay the so when it comes to

literature we actually express it for

example we give an example

you can express your feelings out of it

and

a poem is actually a written work that's

why it's considered

as part of literature okay another

meaning is it's a product of particular

culture that consent treatises

man's array of values emotions

actions and ideas it is therefore

creation of human experience that tells

about people and their world

so very good example of this one is your

el filibusterismo and your no limit

filipino

so basically that is what is that's the

meaning of literature

in a nutshell

importance

so the first one is studying literature

is like

looking at the mirror of life where

one's experiences

your inner innermost feelings

because we were actually studying for um

that study we were actually colonized

for 333 years

[Music]

okay next through literature we learn

the culture

of people across time and space

so

nothing

come on

[Music]

so that is an example of literature

another importance

is true literature we understand not

only the past life of nation but

also its presence literature we learn

the nature of

cultural people across time and space

but

[Music]

so why is it that

it's in our it's in our blood

if you want to learn about for

[Music]

now we go to literary standards

pakistan literary standards

characteristics

characteristics

okay so one is universality great

literature is timeless and

timely so example of this

one is

titanic okay

all right no last year but i'm pandemic

and you were my students there was a

time lapid allah basha sa tv

and not trending

on social media see uh

titanic when the titanic was

um showed in the cinema i was very

little

i don't know 12 years old no

time to be an audio

pero as time goes by that was actually

about 15 years ago or 20 years ago

until now for example yuma

manga works

uh greatest poet who is

um shakespeare okay

uh great greatest poet of all time

kazima working

until now

timeless uh nothing timeless

okay forever relevant it appeared to

anyone and all

anytime anywhere because it deals with

elemental feelings

fundamental truths and universal

conditions

sometimes when you watch a movie because

that is also considered

as uh

considered as literature sometimes

movie and for example you are

inspirational in a movie

okay sometimes if you are very down and

then you watch

a certain movie you take a line from

that movie and it

it it is coming or it it will become as

your source of strength

great all right

next is artistry this is the quality

that appeals to our sense of beauty from

the word artist

from the word artistic so i'm literally

trying

next intellectual value a literary a

literary works

stimulates thought it enriches our

mental life by making us realize

fundamental truths about

life and human nature so for

so that's what we call intellectual

value experiments a great work of

literature endures it can be read again

and again

as reading gives fresh delight and new

ideas

and opens a new world of meaning and

experiences

its appeal is lasting okay

example harry potter

uh the harry potter will really describe

you what happened

what is happening in the

harry potter but until now uh it's being

read by generations and generations

are next generation it's because the

work is

actually a great work but i've been i

think

so that's what we call permanence and

let's go to style this

is the peculiar way in which writers his

life forms his ideas and expresses

uh them

[Music]

[Music]

so depending

okay so that's the style next one we

have spiritual

value literature elevates the spirit by

bringing out moral

values which makes a better person the

capacity to inspire is part of the

spiritual value of literature

examples

because that is actually it's teaching

us that we should not judge a person

or a people or not a people a person or

uh somebody to just because

okay so never the golden rule of never

judge

the boy died just because of wrong

accusation you know

when alex found out that the uh the

wallet was

actually at their house

imagine if you are in that situation

that you

you were the cause of the death of

someone

dahilang nagam ali

okay so that is an example of spiritual

values next suggestiveness this

is associated with the emotional power

of literature

literature moves us deeply and steers

our feelings and imagination

giving and evoking uh visions above and

beyond plane of

ordinary life and experiences so more on

emotions

more on how it is touching you okay

sometimes when you watch a movie or

sometimes even when you

you read

[Music]

it brings out the emotions out of you

too

okay and now let's go to literary

approaches young literary approaches

these are being used when we study when

we are trying

to study or dissect pakis

literature some story maybe and

so first one is moral or humanistic

approach

literature is good to discuss man and

its nature

if presents if present it presents man

as essentially rational that is endowed

with intellect and free will

or that the peace does not misinterpret

the true

nature of man the approach is close to

the morality of literature to question

of ethical

uh ethical goodness or badness

nothing moral right

or wrong okay so when we are

um looking at literary pieces

we try to check if your action ban

is

immoral or humanistic approach

and then we have sociological from the

word

society or from the word sociology

we tackle the story we dissect the story

based

on uh the social classes so we have

actually we have too close to social

classes

will rich and the rich and the poor peru

uh

like that okay so basically technically

basing on our

social status all right

the next one is cultural approach

literature is seen as one of the

manifestation and vehicles of nations or

races culture and tradition it includes

the entire compels of what goes under

culture

examples

so that's their tradition

and then next we have psychological

approach literature is viewed as the

expression of personality of inner

drives or neurosis

it includes the psychology of the author

of the characters and even the

psychology of creation

it has resulted in almost exhausting and

exhaustive psychological analysis of

characters of symbols

of images of recurrent themes and others

to the own

psychological

that's it for the introduction for 21st

century literature

uh just the basic approaches and

the what you call this

definition okay the the photos that were

just a disclaimer that

the photos that has been used in

this presentation is

not mine or not mine they are from

the the credits goes to the rightful

owner

okay so gas 12 see you for

i'll see you on the next slide