TAGLISH 21st Century Literature - MODULE 1 (Part 3) - Martial Law, EDSA, and 21st Century

Summary

This video explores the history of martial law in the Philippines under President Ferdinand Marcos, focusing on its impact on media, culture, and the eventual People Power Revolution of 1986. It highlights the role of Filipino literature during this era, from the repression under martial law to the flourishing of freedom of expression after its end. The video also covers the contributions of notable writers like Amado V. Hernandez and discusses 21st-century Philippine literature, which reflects modern technological and societal themes. Finally, the speaker encourages responsible voting and civic engagement among students.

Takeaways

• 😀 President Ferdinand Marcos was elected as the president of the Philippines in 1965, and his rule lasted for 20 years, from 1965 to 1985.
• 😀 Martial law was declared by President Marcos on September 21, 1972, marking one of the darkest eras in Philippine history.
• 😀 The declaration of martial law was a response to growing activism and calls for government reforms, particularly from communist groups.
• 😀 During martial law, the government controlled the media, focusing on economic progress, discipline, culture, and arts while suppressing dissenting voices.
• 😀 The martial law period officially ended in January 1981, but the impact lingered until the 1986 People Power Revolution.
• 😀 The People Power Revolution was a peaceful movement that restored democracy and freedom of expression in the Philippines.
• 😀 Post-martial law, the Philippines saw a resurgence of freedom of expression, reflected in literature, media, and social media platforms.
• 😀 Prominent writers during the post-war period include Alejandro G. Abadilla, Genoveva Edroza-Matute, and Amado V. Hernandez, with Hernandez being recognized as the greatest post-war Filipino poet.
• 😀 Amado V. Hernandez's famous works, like 'Dipang Langit' and 'Bayan Malaya,' reflected the Filipino people's struggles and desire for freedom.
• 😀 In the 21st century, literature in the Philippines shifted toward themes involving technology and modern societal issues, reflecting the changing landscape of the nation and the world.

Q & A

Who was Ferdinand Marcos, and how long did he serve as president of the Philippines?

Ferdinand Marcos was the president of the Philippines from 1965 to 1985, serving for a total of 20 years.

What event led to the declaration of Martial Law in the Philippines?

Martial Law was declared by President Marcos on September 21, 1972, largely due to rising opposition from activists and communists, which Marcos used as a reason to restore order.

What impact did Martial Law have on the media in the Philippines?

During Martial Law, the government controlled the media, focusing on positive news such as economic progress, while suppressing dissenting voices and restricting freedom of expression.

When was Martial Law lifted in the Philippines, and what was the state of the country afterward?

Martial Law was lifted in January 1981, and the country entered a period known as the 'New Society,' with some reforms and changes, but still under authoritarian rule.

How did the People Power revolution of 1986 contribute to the Philippines' political landscape?

The People Power revolution peacefully overthrew the Marcos regime, restoring democracy and freedom of expression, and leading to the emergence of independent media and a revitalized cultural landscape.

Which notable Filipino writers emerged during and after the Martial Law period, and what were their contributions?

Key writers such as Alejandro G. Abadilla, Genoveva Edroza-Matute, and Amado V. Hernandez contributed significantly to post-war Filipino literature, with Hernandez becoming known as the greatest post-war poet.

What were some of the central themes in Filipino literature during the Martial Law period?

Filipino literature during the Martial Law period focused on themes such as struggle, freedom, grief, poverty, and aspirations for social and political change.

How did 21st-century Filipino literature differ from earlier periods in terms of themes and content?

21st-century Filipino literature introduced themes related to technology, globalization, and modern societal issues, reflecting the rapid changes in Filipino culture and the rise of social media.

What role did the People Power revolution play in the development of Filipino media?

The People Power revolution helped restore press freedom and led to the growth of independent media outlets, allowing for greater freedom of expression and a diversification of voices in the country.

What is the significance of being a responsible voter, as mentioned in the video?

Being a responsible voter is crucial in upholding the freedoms won through the struggles of the past, particularly the People Power revolution, and ensuring that democracy is preserved for future generations.