PRAKTIKUM ENZIM KATALASE pada HATI AYAM (BIOLOGI KLS XII)

Widiati Channel

26 Aug 202009:53

Summary

TLDRIn this educational video, the instructor guides students through a practical experiment on the enzyme catalase, focusing on factors affecting its activity. Using blended chicken liver, the experiment tests the enzyme's reaction to various pH levels and temperatures by observing the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. The presence of oxygen is confirmed by a glowing ember. The video highlights the enzyme's efficiency in neutral conditions and its inactivity under acidic conditions or high temperatures, emphasizing the importance of liver function in detoxifying the body.

Takeaways

🧪 This practical session is about the enzyme catalase, part of the metabolic process discussed in Chapter 2.
🦴 The experiment will test factors affecting catalase activity found in the liver.
🍗 Materials used include blended chicken liver, distilled water, HCl, H2O2, test tubes, test tube clamps, dropper pipettes, a Bunsen burner, and wooden sticks.
🌡️ The first test involves adding 20 drops of chicken liver solution to a neutral pH solution at room temperature.
🧴 The second test uses a basic pH solution by adding 5 drops of NaOH, mixed with liver solution.
🥽 The third test involves an acidic pH solution by adding 5 drops of HCl to the liver solution.
🔥 The fourth test heats the liver solution to high temperatures until boiling.
🫧 H2O2 is added to each test tube to observe the reaction, indicated by bubble formation.
🧯 Oxygen production is tested by seeing if a glowing stick ignites in the presence of bubbles.
💡 The results show catalase activity: effective in neutral and basic pH, but not in acidic pH or high temperatures.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the practical lesson discussed in the script?
-The main topic of the practical lesson is testing the factors that affect the activity of the enzyme catalase.
What are the primary materials used in the experiment?
-The primary materials used in the experiment include blended chicken liver, distilled water, HCl, H2O2, test tubes, test tube holders, pipettes, a Bunsen burner, and wooden splints.
What is the purpose of blending the chicken liver in the experiment?
-Blending the chicken liver is done to obtain a homogenized mixture that contains the enzyme catalase.
What role does H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) play in the experiment?
-H2O2 is used to test the activity of the catalase enzyme. Catalase breaks down H2O2 into water and oxygen.
How is the effect of pH on catalase activity tested?
-The effect of pH on catalase activity is tested by adding NaOH to create a basic solution and HCl to create an acidic solution, and then observing the enzyme activity in these different pH conditions.
What observation indicates that oxygen is being produced in the reaction?
-The production of bubbles in the reaction indicates that oxygen is being produced, and this can be further confirmed by a glowing splint test, where the splint reignites in the presence of oxygen.
How does temperature affect the activity of catalase in this experiment?
-The experiment tests the effect of temperature by heating one of the test tubes containing the liver mixture. Heating denatures the enzyme, preventing it from breaking down H2O2, which is indicated by the absence of bubbles.
What conclusion can be drawn about the enzyme catalase's activity at different pH levels?
-Catalase is active at a neutral pH but becomes inactive in highly acidic or basic conditions.
What is the practical implication of catalase activity in the human body mentioned in the script?
-The practical implication is that catalase helps detoxify hydrogen peroxide, a harmful byproduct of metabolism, by converting it into water and oxygen.
What does the script suggest about the stability of catalase at high temperatures?
-The script suggests that catalase becomes denatured and inactive at high temperatures, as indicated by the lack of bubbles when the heated liver mixture is tested with H2O2.

Outlines

00:00

🔬 Introduction to Catalase Enzyme Experiment

The video introduces a practical experiment on catalase enzyme, part of a metabolic chapter. The experiment aims to investigate factors affecting catalase activity in chicken liver. The materials used include blended chicken liver, hydrochloric acid (HCl), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), basic solution (KOH), test tubes, a Bunsen burner, and other laboratory tools. The experiment tests catalase activity under different pH conditions and temperatures, using a neutral pH solution, a basic solution with KOH, and an acidic solution with HCl. The hydrogen peroxide is added to test tubes containing the catalase enzyme from chicken liver, and the formation of oxygen bubbles is observed.

05:00

💨 Observing Oxygen Production in Catalase Activity

The second paragraph describes the observation of oxygen production by the catalase enzyme. The experiment verifies oxygen release by relighting a glowing splint, indicating the presence of oxygen. The production of bubbles shows that catalase converts hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, detoxifying the harmful substance. The experiment further examines the enzyme's activity in different pH environments. It reveals that catalase is active in neutral and basic conditions, producing bubbles, but does not work in acidic conditions, as no bubbles or oxygen production is observed. Additionally, the experiment explores the impact of temperature, showing that heating denatures the enzyme, rendering it inactive in converting hydrogen peroxide.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Enzyme

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms. In the video, the enzyme catalase is used to demonstrate how various factors affect enzyme activity. Catalase breaks down hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into water and oxygen, highlighting its role in metabolism.

💡Catalase

Catalase is an enzyme found in many living tissues, including the liver. It catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. In the video, catalase extracted from chicken liver is used to observe how different conditions, like pH and temperature, influence its activity.

💡Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2)

Hydrogen peroxide is a byproduct of metabolic processes that can be harmful to cells if not broken down. Catalase breaks it down into water and oxygen, preventing potential damage. The video shows how the catalase enzyme reacts with H2O2 under various experimental conditions.

💡pH

pH is a measure of how acidic or basic a solution is. Enzyme activity is often sensitive to pH changes. In the video, the catalase activity is tested at different pH levels by adding hydrochloric acid (HCl) to create an acidic environment and potassium hydroxide (KOH) to create a basic environment.

💡Temperature

Temperature affects enzyme activity, with each enzyme having an optimal temperature range. In the video, the catalase enzyme is subjected to different temperatures to see how heat affects its ability to decompose hydrogen peroxide. The experiment demonstrates that high temperatures can denature enzymes, reducing their effectiveness.

💡Denaturation

Denaturation refers to the structural alteration of an enzyme or protein, usually due to heat or extreme pH, leading to loss of function. The video shows that heating catalase results in denaturation, preventing it from breaking down hydrogen peroxide effectively.

💡Metabolism

Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions that occur within living organisms to maintain life. The video focuses on a metabolic reaction involving the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide by catalase, illustrating how enzymes are crucial for managing metabolic byproducts.

💡Substrate

A substrate is the substance upon which an enzyme acts. In the video, hydrogen peroxide is the substrate for the catalase enzyme. The reaction between catalase and hydrogen peroxide is used to explore how environmental factors affect enzyme activity.

💡Reaction Rate

Reaction rate refers to the speed at which a chemical reaction occurs. The video investigates how different conditions (pH, temperature) impact the reaction rate of catalase breaking down hydrogen peroxide, providing insights into optimal conditions for enzyme activity.

💡Bunsen Burner

A Bunsen burner is a common piece of laboratory equipment that produces a single open gas flame used for heating. In the video, it is used to heat the enzyme catalase to test the effect of high temperatures on its activity, demonstrating the concept of enzyme denaturation.

Highlights

Introduction to the practical session on enzyme catalase, part of Chapter 2 on metabolism.

Overview of the materials needed: blended chicken liver, distilled water, HCl, H2O2, test tubes, test tube holders, dropper pipettes, Bunsen burner, and splints.

Demonstration of neutral pH reaction at room temperature using 1 ml (20 drops) of the chicken liver solution.

Experiment to observe the effect of a basic pH by adding 5 drops of KOH to the chicken liver solution.

Experiment to observe the effect of an acidic pH by adding 5 drops of HCl to the chicken liver solution.

Heating a test tube to observe the effect of high temperature on the enzyme catalase activity.

Addition of H2O2 to the test tubes containing the chicken liver solution to observe the formation of oxygen bubbles.

Verification of oxygen production by introducing a glowing splint, which reignites in the presence of oxygen.

Confirmation that enzyme catalase breaks down H2O2 into water and oxygen, reducing its toxicity.

Observation that the enzyme catalase functions at a neutral pH as indicated by bubble formation.

Observation that the enzyme catalase also functions in a basic environment, as shown by bubble formation.

Failure of the enzyme catalase to function in an acidic environment, as indicated by the absence of bubbles.

Confirmation that high temperatures denature the enzyme catalase, preventing it from breaking down H2O2.

Conclusion emphasizing the importance of liver enzymes in detoxifying the body by breaking down H2O2.

Encouragement to fill out the provided data forms to complete the practical session.