Learn All About Coke, Coal Tar, and Coal Gas | Coal and Petroleum | Class 8

Summary

In this educational session, Chemistry expert Kriti introduces viewers to the world of coal, a vital fuel source. Through the process of destructive distillation, coal yields three main products: coke, coal tar, and coal gas. Coke, a nearly pure carbon, is used as a fuel and in metal extraction and steel manufacturing. Coal tar, a thick liquid with a foul odor, contains over 200 substances and is a precursor for everyday items like dyes, drugs, and plastics. Coal gas, a combustible mixture of gases, serves as an excellent fuel with high calorific value. Kriti also poses a homework question about anthracite, encouraging viewers to engage further with the material.

Takeaways

• 🔥 Coal is a major source of fuel globally and is the only solid fossil fuel.
• 🌙 The session is led by a Chemistry expert named Kriti who is introducing the world of fuels.
• 🏭 Coal is a hard rock that is typically black or brown and is used to generate heat, power, and energy.
• 🔍 The main products derived from coal are coke, coal tar, and coal gas, obtained through the process of destructive distillation.
• 🔥 Coke is the solid residue left after the distillation process, and it is almost pure carbon.
• 💧 Coal tar is a thick black liquid with an unpleasant smell, containing a mixture of over 200 substances.
• 🌪️ Coal gas is a mixture of gases like hydrogen, methane, and carbon monoxide, known for its high calorific value.
• 🔨 Coke is used as a fuel and a reducing agent in metal extraction and steel manufacturing.
• 🛠️ Coal tar is used as a starting material for manufacturing various substances, including synthetic dyes, drugs, perfumes, plastics, and paints.
• 🔬 Destructive distillation of coal is a process that involves heating coal in the absence of air to produce valuable by-products.
• ❓ The video ends with a homework question about anthracite, a term related to coal, which the audience is encouraged to explore and discuss.

Q & A

What is the primary purpose of coal as a resource?

Coal is a valuable resource primarily used to generate heat, power, and energy.

What are the three main products obtained from the destructive distillation of coal?

The three main products obtained from the destructive distillation of coal are coke, coal tar, and coal gas.

What is the process of destructive distillation of coal?

Destructive distillation of coal is the process of heating coal in the absence of air, which breaks it down to produce coke, coal tar, and coal gas.

What is the main component of coal gas?

Coal gas, also known as Town Gas, is a mixture of different gases including hydrogen, methane, and carbon monoxide.

Why is coal gas considered an excellent fuel?

Coal gas is considered an excellent fuel because it is combustible and has a high calorific value, meaning it releases a lot of energy when burned.

What is coal tar and what is its composition?

Coal tar is a thick black liquid with an unpleasant smell, composed of a mixture of about 200 substances, including benzene, naphthalene, phenols, and other compounds.

What are the uses of coal tar in everyday life?

Coal tar is used as a starting material for manufacturing various substances such as synthetic dyes, drugs, perfumes, plastics, and paints.

What is coke and what are its uses?

Coke is a tough, porous, and black solid that is almost pure carbon. It is used as a fuel in homes and factories, as a reducing agent in metal extraction, and in the manufacturing of steel.

What is the difference between the combustion of coal in the presence of air and destructive distillation?

When coal is burned in the presence of air, it produces carbon dioxide without any other valuable products. Destructive distillation, on the other hand, involves heating coal in the absence of air to produce coke, coal tar, and coal gas.

What is the correct condition for the destructive distillation of coal?

The correct condition for the destructive distillation of coal is the absence of air.

What is anthracite and what was the homework question related to it?

Anthracite is a type of coal known for its high carbon content and energy density. The homework question asked viewers to figure out what anthracite is and share their answers in the comment section.