List of Medical specialities under threat by AI-2034.

Summary

Dr. Dapu discusses the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on various medical specialties, predicting workforce reduction due to AI's efficiency. He highlights AI's current and potential roles in radiology, pathology, dermatology, ophthalmology, cardiology, and anesthesiology, emphasizing AI's ability to handle routine tasks, allowing specialists to focus on complex cases. However, AI's limitations in complex decision-making, patient care, and interventions are also noted, with the overall message that AI will augment, not replace, medical professionals.

Takeaways

• 🧠 Artificial Intelligence (AI) is predicted to impact various medical specialties by increasing efficiency, but not replacing human professionals entirely.
• 🏥 AI is expected to cause a workforce reduction in medical fields, not by completely replacing professionals, but by decreasing the number of people needed to perform certain tasks.
• 📈 There is a current presence of AI in specialties such as radiology, pathology, dermatology, ophthalmology, cardiology, anesthesiology, and general medicine with software like Google's DeepMind and IBM Watson.
• 🛠 The efficiency of AI can lead to a significant reduction in the number of professionals required for routine tasks, allowing them to focus on more complex cases.
• 👨‍⚕️ In radiology, AI can process medical images faster and without fatigue, potentially reducing the number of radiologists needed for image analysis.
• 🔬 Pathologists may see a workforce reduction as AI can analyze tissue samples for diseases, reducing the need for human interpretation in certain cases.
• 🧑‍🔬 Dermatologists could benefit from AI in diagnosing skin conditions, allowing them to focus more on cosmetic procedures and patient counseling.
• 👁️ Ophthalmologists may utilize AI for retinal image analysis, early detection of conditions like diabetic retinopathy, and personalized treatment plans.
• 💓 Cardiologists might see AI assist in ECG interpretation, predictive analytics for heart conditions, and remote monitoring, but AI won't replace intervention procedures.
• 💉 Anesthesiologists could use AI for patient monitoring and pain management, potentially reducing the number of professionals needed for routine assessments.
• 🏘️ General medicine may see AI used for patient symptom analysis, suggesting lab tests, and forming reports for physicians to review, increasing the number of patients that can be seen in less time.
• 🚫 AI has limitations and cannot replace certain aspects of medical practice, such as complex case interpretations, interdisciplinary consultations, research, training, and building patient relationships.

Q & A

What is Dr. Dapu's primary concern regarding the impact of AI on medical specialties?

Dr. Dapu's primary concern is that AI will not replace medical professionals but will decrease the workforce required to run various medical departments due to its efficiency.

Which medical specialties does Dr. Dapu believe will be most affected by AI?

Dr. Dapu believes that specialties such as radiology, pathology, dermatology, ophthalmology, cardiology, anesthesiology, and general medicine will be significantly impacted by AI.

What are some examples of AI software already existing in the medical field?

Examples of existing AI software include Google's Deep Mind in radiology, Path AI in pathology, Derm Tech in dermatology, and IBM Watson in various specialties.

How does Dr. Dapu envision the growth of AI in the medical field?

Dr. Dapu envisions an exponential growth in the number of AI software and their capabilities, which will lead to a significant impact on medical specialties.

What is the potential impact of AI on the workload of radiologists?

AI can process medical images faster and without fatigue, potentially reducing the number of radiologists needed to analyze images by up to 50%.

How can AI assist pathologists in their work?

AI can analyze tissue samples for the presence of cancerous cells, potentially reducing the workload of pathologists and allowing them to focus on more complex cases.

What role can AI play in dermatology?

AI can assist in diagnosing skin diseases by analyzing images, allowing dermatologists to focus more on cosmetic procedures and complex cases.

What are some specific tasks AI can perform in ophthalmology?

In ophthalmology, AI can assist with retinal image analysis, early detection of conditions like diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma, and even monitoring and surgical assistance.

How might AI impact the role of cardiologists?

AI can perform tasks such as ECG interpretation, predictive analytics for cardiac events, and remote monitoring, potentially reducing the number of cardiologists needed for routine diagnostics and monitoring.

What is the potential impact of AI on anesthesiology?

AI could simplify patient monitoring, preoperative assessment, and pain management, potentially allowing fewer anesthesiologists to manage more cases and focus on complex case management.

What are some tasks that AI cannot perform in medical specialties?

AI cannot perform complex case interpretations, interdisciplinary consultations, research and training, patient counseling, surgical procedures, decision-making in emergencies, and building relationships with patients.

Outlines

00:00

🧠 AI in Medical Specialties: Workforce Reduction

Dr. Dapu discusses the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on various medical specialties, predicting that AI will not replace professionals but will lead to a workforce reduction due to increased efficiency. AI applications in radiology, pathology, dermatology, and other fields are highlighted, with examples of existing AI software like Google's DeepMind, IBM Watson, and others. The potential for exponential growth in AI capabilities is emphasized, suggesting a significant future impact on the medical workforce.

05:01

🔬 AI Applications in Medical Imaging and Analysis

This section delves into the specific applications of AI in medical imaging and diagnostics, particularly in radiology and pathology. AI's ability to process images faster and without fatigue is contrasted with the limitations of human radiologists and pathologists. The script outlines how AI can assist in reducing the workload and improving efficiency, leading to a potential decrease in the number of professionals required for routine tasks. The role of AI in dermatology, ophthalmology, and cardiology is also explored, with a focus on its current capabilities and future potential.

10:02

🚫 AI's Limitations and the Inevitability of Technological Advancement

Dr. Dapu acknowledges the limitations of AI, such as its inability to perform complex case interpretations, interdisciplinary consultations, and certain medical procedures. He emphasizes that while AI cannot replace the holistic care and relationship building in medicine, it can make processes more efficient and potentially lead to workforce reduction. The script concludes with the acceptance of AI's role in the evolution of medicine, suggesting that its development is unstoppable and will continue to shape the medical field, bringing both benefits and challenges.

Keywords

💡Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Artificial Intelligence, often abbreviated as AI, refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think like humans and mimic their actions. In the context of the video, AI is portrayed as a transformative force in the medical field, with the potential to impact various specialties by increasing efficiency and potentially reducing the workforce required for certain tasks.

💡Neuroanesthesiology

Neuroanesthesiology is a specialized field within medicine that focuses on the anesthetic care of patients undergoing neurosurgery. Dr. Dapu, the speaker in the video, is a senior consultant in this field, indicating a deep understanding of how AI could intersect with the complexities of brain surgery and anesthesia.

💡Workforce Reduction

Workforce reduction in the video refers to the potential decrease in the number of professionals required to perform certain tasks due to the efficiency gains from AI. It is a central theme, suggesting that while AI may not replace human professionals entirely, it could reduce the workforce in various medical specialties by automating routine tasks.

💡Radiology

Radiology is the medical specialty that uses imaging technologies to diagnose and treat diseases. The script mentions AI's potential to analyze medical images, which could lead to a reduction in the number of radiologists needed for certain tasks, such as interpreting X-rays and MRI scans.

💡Pathology

Pathology is the study of diseases and the effects they have on the body's tissues. In the video, it is discussed how AI could assist pathologists in analyzing tissue samples, potentially leading to more accurate and faster diagnoses, and contributing to workforce reduction.

💡Dermatology

Dermatology is the branch of medicine dealing with the skin, hair, and nails. The script explains how AI algorithms, such as Derm Tech, are being developed to analyze skin lesions and assist in diagnosing skin diseases, which could change the way dermatologists work and reduce the number of professionals needed for routine diagnoses.

💡Opthalmology

Opthalmology focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders. The video mentions AI's role in analyzing retinal images for conditions like diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma, suggesting that AI could streamline the diagnostic process and reduce the need for as many opthalmologists in certain tasks.

💡Cardiology

Cardiology is the study and treatment of the heart. The script discusses how AI can assist in tasks such as ECG interpretation and predictive analytics for heart conditions, potentially reducing the number of cardiologists needed for routine diagnostic work.

💡Anesthesiology

Anesthesiology is the medical specialty involved in the administration of anesthesia during surgeries. The video suggests that AI could improve patient monitoring and pain management in this field, which might lead to a more efficient workflow and a reduced need for anesthesiologists in certain scenarios.

💡General Medicine

General medicine refers to the branch of medical practice that deals with the diagnosis and non-surgical treatment of a variety of diseases in adults. The script mentions AI's potential to provide accurate diagnoses based on patient-entered symptoms, which could enhance the efficiency of general practitioners and change the dynamics of patient care.

💡Diagnostic Skills

Diagnostic skills refer to the abilities of healthcare professionals to identify diseases or conditions through various tests and examinations. In the context of the video, AI's diagnostic skills are highlighted as a means to potentially reduce consultation times and increase the efficiency of medical diagnoses across specialties.

Highlights

Dr. Dapu discusses the impact of AI on medical specialties and predicts workforce reduction due to AI efficiency.

AI is not expected to replace medical professionals but to decrease the workforce required in departments.

Examples of existing AI software in radiology, pathology, dermatology, and other specialties are provided.

AI's potential for exponential growth in capabilities and the number of AI softwares is highlighted.

In radiology, AI can process medical images faster than radiologists and reduce fatigue.

AI might lead to a 50% reduction in the number of radiologists needed for regular image interpretations.

In pathology, AI can analyze tissue samples for cancerous cells without fatigue, potentially reducing the workforce.

Dermatology can benefit from AI in diagnosing skin lesions and allowing dermatologists to focus on cosmetic procedures.

AI's role in ophthalmology includes retinal image analysis, screening, early detection, and monitoring.

Cardiology may see AI advancements in ECG interpretation, predictive analytics, and remote monitoring.

Anesthesiology could benefit from AI in patient monitoring, pain management, and training simulations.

General medicine may utilize AI for accurate diagnosis, lab test suggestions, and improving physician efficiency.

AI cannot replace certain aspects of medical practice such as complex case interpretation and patient relationships.

The potential for AI to make medical processes more efficient and error-free is emphasized.

A hypothetical scenario of a hospital reducing its doctor workforce by incorporating AI is presented.

Dr. Dapu concludes by stating that AI will make jobs easier but also poses a threat of workforce reduction.

Transcripts

hello this is Dr dapu I'm a senior

consultant in the field of

neuroanesthesiology so today I would

like to cover

the impact of artificial intelligence

that is AI on different medical

specialities and it is going to affect

and it is going it's not going to

replace you but it is going to decrease

the workforce that is my opinion and

when it is for example X number of

people are required to run a particular

Department then it is not going to repl

all X number of people but some

percentage of people would be replaced

because of the efficiency and you know

uh it will help you actually in working

right so you might not require the same

number of people to run that is called

Workforce reduction so that can happen

with AI is what is my prediction is so

if it is happening then in what

specialities it can happen see radiology

and pathology is what everybody knows I

will go through that and then apart from

that there are many other specialities

also which are going to get involved

I'll tell you about those things also

so then uh coming to the uh what are the

AA softwares already existing first you

try to understand so these are the a

softwares already there okay in

Radiology there is Google's Deep Mind

IBM Watson AI do and pathology there is

path AI page AI in Derm Tech in

dermatology there is Derm Tech IBM

Watson first DM in optology there is

Google's Deep Mind Octor as idx drr in

cardiology there is Ali Course cardia

Mobile zebra medical vision Electronics

AI in anesthesiology there studies is

Art and arteries and smart thoughts and

in general factors that is like general

medicine there is babyon health and om

so these many softwares are already

existing okay and then what I'm

envisioning is there won't be a linear

growth in this there will be exponential

growth in the number of softwares and

what they can actually do so that's

because that's how uh artificial

intelligence works so when the number of

softwares and all these things are

increasing there will be an impact on

speciality so let us start with

Dermatology okay so for example

Dermatology sorry Radiology let us start

with Radiology for example radiologist

is actually analyzing a medical image

and then can AI do it s AI can also do

with Pat recognition but not to the

level of radiologist at present but in

future it might do and the disadvantage

the Radiologists have is they get

fatigued heavy workload they cannot deal

so AI can actually process the images

faster and it doesn't get red okay so

what happens is for example uh as I set

of for example in a center there are 10

Radiologists they're analyzing for

example with 100 images and then by

using AI 50% reduction might happen and

then five ideologists can actually run

the show okay so all the complex cases

where you need to actually interact with

the surgeons interact with the

clinicians and do so those kind of stuff

maybe radiolog will do where regular

interpretations are there like XR and CD

scans and Mr to get the actual image e

can do it and radiologist can verify and

approve it so obviously it is more like

you know 50% of people can actually

manage the Radiology if the AI evolves

to a Next Level the same way uh it will

apply to a pathology also pathologist

can analyze the tissue samples and

diagnosed diseases the same sample you

put in AI it will also start analyzing

based on the cancerous cells how many

are there and everything it will start

analyzing so human interpretation can

have some kind of a fatigue and you know

all those factors AI will not have right

AI will never get Petty it'll keep doing

so in that way pathologist also can have

some kind of a uh Workforce reduction

when AI is fullblown okay so that is

about these two these two many people

know let us go other

specialities

okay so about Dermatology so Dermatology

if you uh take dermatologist usually

inspect skin lesions and then they

diagnose disease and give some ointments

and some are into cosmetic there's a

different sector cosmetic obviously a

cannot do so this particular part of

looking at the skin disease and

analyzing is what AI can actually do so

a algorithms are already there names I

already explained the Derm Tech and all

that so they are actually trying to if

you upload an image it will give you

some kind of a diagnosis whether it's is

right or wrong maybe dmist can approve

so again the workforce reduction can

happen even here so that dermatologist

can focus mostly on the Cosmetic

procedures and all that and then AI will

actually be doing the uh boring stuff so

that is about the

Dermatology and then dermatologist if

they have some confusion then AI can

actually maybe help them in going

through the wi database of all the

images and it can actually help them in

actually getting a better results also

in a faster way and T Dermatology also

can be done with the help of these

platforms

okay so this is this image I created in

Ai and something like this uh is going

to come up in future so you can actually

feed the skin disease in the uh AI

algorithm and it will actually analyze

it and give you a result you can you

just have to approve and then see if

this is the way the dermatologists are

operating then they can work on more dis

more diseases more tadi T Dermatology

also they can do and so they can

actually efficiently manage this

department so with lesser people also

they might be able to

manage so at present for example a

clinic is having eight dermatologist and

they're seeing 25 patients a day so AI

with diagnostic skills might and

decrease in the consulation time maybe

they can manage with four people in

future and then uh next speciality is

Opthalmology so optology retinal image

if you upload it analyze it will tell

you diabetic retinopathy grading and

gloma and there is Google's Deep Mind

which is there for diabetic retinopathy

and then

U also you know M screenings and all

these things also can be done with the

help of AI and Opthalmology GL Glo

detection monitoring also is coming up

now with a capabilities it will be able

to do that and also personalized

treatment plans can be done patient

education also can be done with a so

Opthalmology also might get ected with

the help of a in the same way okay so

now understood optology so retinal image

analysis screening and early detection

GL monitoring and surgical assistance

also can be done with the help of AI

this is by by all this overall impact

would be reduction in the Staffing

requirement few opthamologists are

needed to for a routine task so so that

the Opthomologist can focus more on the

complex cases surgeries and personalized

care okay better outcome will be there

we're not talking about outome we're

talking about the staff

reduction so threat is there is what I'm

telling Cardiology also can get affected

you can see ECG interpretation can

easily be done by feature image analysis

based on Echo can be done if technician

does Echo then interpretation can be

done by a Predictive Analytics it can

use and can actually predict who's going

to get cardiac who's going to get EMAs

and all that okay remote monitoring can

be done so a can assist in all these

things but can't do interventions right

interventions cardiologist would be done

so all the boring stuff AI would do and

again same problem can happen with

Cardiology also overall impact is the

same so overall impact will be fewer

cardiologists are needed to run the

Diagnostics Diagnostics and monitoring

and uh the number of cardi needed for

rtin task will decrease and complex

stuff and electrophysiology and putting

stands and all those things they would

be

doing okay and then the next uh would be

anes AIA in anesthesia mainly the if AI

comes up then patient monitoring becomes

easy and PR assessment also might get

easier and then pain management scales

and everything would become more easier

you can actually develop an AI which can

talk to the patient understand the uh

patient pain situation and then can

recommend medicines to the nurses in

that level actually in future it is

going to come nobody can stop

it and even trainings and simulations

would happen in a so overall would be

fewer

anesthesiologist can actually run the

[Music]

show anesthesiologist can actually focus

more on the complex case

management okay and general medicine so

in general medicine AI is usely going to

come so patients only might enter their

uh you know symptoms and everything into

the AI based uh software are already

existing which I I told the names of

them in the beginning of the video now

so then it might give a very accurate

diagnosis and if it is not giving then

it will be approved by a general

physician once the process is done maybe

a system can develop the patient will

enter that this thing and a will suggest

lab test and then lab test will be

analyzed by and forms a report the

report will be finally seen by The

Physician so that he can actually see

more patients in lesser time that is

what we're talking about I'm not telling

repl clinicians it is going to improve

decrease it is going to improve the

quality but it is going to decrease the

workforce that is what I'm thinking okay

so the these many specialities can get

affected because of the AI for example

this is a hospital then new hospital

current number of doctors are 76 10

radiologist 5 pathologist like some 76

doctors are there and if you incorporate

AI then uh what can happen is that

potential deduction in the doctors would

be 39 and 37 doctors would be remaining

this is how I think in future it might

happen like this might

happen so what a cannot do also we

should know see

the you're telling a will replace

doctors no a can't replace because a

cannot do so many things in ideology

complex case interpretation in pathology

uh the interdisciplinary consultations

research and training and dermatology

patient counseling and surgical

procedures and Opthalmology surgical

interventions in cardiology the

intervention procedures placing stuns

electrophysiology and in anesthesiology

the decision making the emergency

response and all that and crisis

management in general practice the

holistic care chronic disease management

and building relationships with the

patient it cannot do so there are so

many things it cannot do but at the same

time it can do something things can make

the uh process efficient it can actually

make the process uh you know error free

and it will whenever system becomes

efficient by technology that system

there was Workforce reduction the

history that is what I'm trying to tell

okay so overall impact is that I hope

you understood what I'm trying to tell

and uh so what is the solution for this

solution is nothing this is the

evolution and we are developing it and

uh there is no way anybody can stop it

so it is going to go in this Direction

let us see how it goes okay thank you

very much and

uh uh hope more and more a is going to

build up and make our jobs easier at the

same time the threat of workfor

reduction also is there let's see how it

goes thank you