SEJARAH BAHASA INDONESIA

Summary

This video explores the history of the Indonesian language, from its origins as a version of Old Malay used for trade and cultural exchange across Southeast Asia, to its establishment as the national language of Indonesia. Key moments include the 1928 Youth Pledge, which declared Indonesian as the unifying language of the nation, and the 1945 constitution recognizing it as the official state language. The script delves into the linguistic evolution, the influence of Sanskrit, Arabic, Persian, and European languages, and the role of Malay in connecting diverse regions across the archipelago. The video highlights Indonesia's rich linguistic heritage and the significance of language in nation-building.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Sumpah Pemuda (Youth Pledge) on October 28, 1928, was a pivotal moment in Indonesia's history, declaring unity through language, land, and nation.
• 😀 The pledge emphasized three key declarations: one homeland (Indonesia), one nation (Indonesians), and one language (Indonesian).
• 😀 Indonesian was officially recognized as the national language, uniting diverse cultures, languages, and regions within Indonesia.
• 😀 Indonesian language was strengthened further when it was declared the state language in the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia.
• 😀 Indonesian language originates from classical Malay, which was used as a lingua franca across Southeast Asia from as early as the 7th century.
• 😀 The Malay language was used in ancient inscriptions, including those found in Kedukan Bukit (683 AD) and Talang Tuo (684 AD), marking its widespread use.
• 😀 During the Srivijaya kingdom, Malay was not just a trade language but also used in Buddhist texts and for political and social functions.
• 😀 Chinese traveler Izing noted that classical Malay was frequently used in trade in Srivijaya, highlighting its regional importance.
• 😀 The spread of Islam helped further the use of Malay, as it was a simple language without social stratification, making it easier to adopt across various regions and groups.
• 😀 Over time, Malay absorbed influences from Sanskrit, Arabic, Persian, and European languages, enriching its vocabulary and leading to the modern development of Indonesian.
• 😀 On October 28, 1928, the declaration of Indonesian as a unifying language was a key moment in the nation's history and national identity.

Q & A

What is the significance of October 28, 1928, in the history of Indonesia?

October 28, 1928, marks the day when the Youth Pledge (Sumpah Pemuda) was declared, where Indonesian youth declared Bahasa Indonesia as the language of unity for the nation.

What were the three key declarations in the Youth Pledge (Sumpah Pemuda)?

The three key declarations were: (1) One homeland, Indonesia, (2) One nation, the Indonesian nation, and (3) Upholding the language of unity, Bahasa Indonesia.

When was Bahasa Indonesia officially recognized as the national language of Indonesia?

Bahasa Indonesia was officially recognized as the national language of Indonesia on August 18, 1945, after the independence proclamation.

What role did Bahasa Melayu play before it became Bahasa Indonesia?

Before becoming Bahasa Indonesia, Bahasa Melayu was used as a lingua franca across Southeast Asia, particularly in trade, culture, and religion, and it was the language of the Sriwijaya Empire.

Which ancient inscriptions indicate the use of Bahasa Melayu in Southeast Asia?

Ancient inscriptions such as those from Kedukan Bukit (683 AD), Talang Tuo (684 AD), Kota Kapur (686 AD), and Karang (688 AD) are proof of the use of Bahasa Melayu in Southeast Asia.

How did Bahasa Melayu influence the development of Bahasa Indonesia?

Bahasa Melayu, which was influenced by Sanskrit, Persian, Arabic, and European languages, eventually evolved through various regional dialects and vocabularies, leading to the development of Bahasa Indonesia.

Why did Bahasa Melayu become widely accepted in the Nusantara region?

Bahasa Melayu became widely accepted because it was easy to learn and did not have complex honorifics, making it suitable for communication across different islands, ethnicities, and nations.

What was the role of Bahasa Melayu during the Sriwijaya Empire?

During the Sriwijaya Empire, Bahasa Melayu was used as a language of culture, religious studies, trade, and diplomacy, particularly for connecting various ethnic groups and regions.

How was Bahasa Melayu used in the context of religion and politics in ancient Southeast Asia?

Bahasa Melayu was utilized for religious purposes, especially in Buddhist teachings, and also served as the language for political and social communication between different kingdoms and empires.

What does the Youth Pledge (Sumpah Pemuda) represent for the Indonesian language?

The Youth Pledge represents the formal recognition of Bahasa Indonesia as the unifying language of the nation, strengthening its role in national identity and culture.