BELAJAR BERSAMA IBU DEWI - SEJARAH PERKEMBANGAN BAHASA INDONESIA

Summary

This educational video provides an in-depth exploration of the history and development of the Indonesian language. It traces the roots of Bahasa Indonesia from the Malay language, which belongs to the Austronesian language family, and its widespread use across the Indonesian archipelago and beyond. The video covers the evolution of Malay as a lingua franca, the creation of the standardized Indonesian language in the early 20th century, and its eventual recognition as the national language in 1945. Key historical milestones, such as the Sumpah Pemuda and the constitutional establishment of Bahasa Indonesia, are discussed.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Indonesian language originated from Malay, which is part of the Austronesian language family.
• 😀 Indonesian is often referred to as the 'language of the islands' due to its widespread use across Indonesia and other regions like Madagascar, Hawaii, and Samoa.
• 😀 The development of the Indonesian language was influenced by ancient inscriptions found in several regions of Indonesia, including Aceh, Palembang, and Jambi, which were written in Old Malay.
• 😀 Malay was used as a lingua franca or bridge language between different regions in Indonesia, which has over 360 local languages.
• 😀 Indonesia has a rich heritage of scripts, including Balinese, Javanese, Sundanese, Bugis, Lampung, and many others.
• 😀 The first standardization of the Indonesian language occurred in 1901 with the introduction of the Van Ophuijsen spelling system, which was based on Malay.
• 😀 The Van Ophuijsen spelling system included unique rules, such as reading 'oe' as 'u' and 'C' as 'y'.
• 😀 The idea of a unified Indonesian language was supported by leaders like Muhammad Yamin, who advocated for Bahasa Indonesia as the language of unity during the 1926 and 1938 Youth Congresses.
• 😀 The official recognition of Bahasa Indonesia as the national language came with the proclamation of the Sumpah Pemuda in 1928, which called for unity through language.
• 😀 Bahasa Indonesia was officially recognized as the state language in the 1945 Indonesian Constitution (UUD), further solidifying its role in national unity.

Q & A

What is the origin of the Indonesian language?

Indonesian originated from Malay, which belongs to the Austronesian language family. It is considered part of the Malay Archipelago language group, which has spread widely, not only within Indonesia but also to regions such as Madagascar, Hawaii, Samoa, and others.

How did the Malay language become the common language in Indonesia?

Before the official adoption of Indonesian, Malay was used as a lingua franca in Indonesia. Due to the country's linguistic diversity, with over 360 regional languages, Malay served as a bridge language for communication between people from different regions.

What are some examples of ancient inscriptions in Malay?

Several ancient inscriptions in Malay have been found across Indonesia. Examples include the inscription on the Aceh tombstone (D 7), the Kedukan Bukit inscription in Palembang, the Talang Tuo inscription in Palembang, the Kota Kapur inscription in Bangka, and the Karang Brahi inscription in Jambi.

What role did the Dutch play in the development of the Indonesian language?

In 1901, the Dutch linguist Professor Charles Van Ophuijsen, with assistance from Nawawi Sultan Mahmud and Mocktail Sultan Ibrahim, standardized the spelling of Malay in Indonesia. This led to the creation of the 'Van Ophuijsen spelling,' which laid the foundation for the modern Indonesian language.

What was the purpose of the Van Ophuijsen spelling system?

The Van Ophuijsen spelling system aimed to standardize the writing of Malay, using the Latin alphabet to better reflect pronunciation. It included rules such as the pronunciation of 'oe' as 'u' and 'c' as 'y', along with the use of diacritical marks to denote syllable breaks.

When was the decision made to recognize Indonesian as the national language?

Indonesian was officially recognized as the national language during the Indonesian Youth Congress in 1928, which resulted in the 'Sumpah Pemuda' (Youth Pledge). The pledge declared that Bahasa Indonesia would be the language of unity for the nation.

What is the significance of the 'Sumpah Pemuda' (Youth Pledge)?

The 'Sumpah Pemuda,' declared on October 28, 1928, marked a pivotal moment in Indonesia's history. It unified the Indonesian people by asserting three key declarations: a single homeland, a single nation, and a commitment to the Indonesian language as the language of unity.

How did the Indonesian language become the official language of the country?

Indonesian was officially designated as the state language in the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia. Article 36 of Chapter 15 of the Constitution states that the official language of the country is Bahasa Indonesia.

What are some regional scripts used in Indonesia before the standardization of the Latin alphabet?

Before the widespread adoption of the Latin alphabet, Indonesia used several regional scripts, including Balinese script, Javanese script, Sundanese script, Bugis script (Lontara), Lampung script, Rejang script, Batak script, and several others, each associated with different ethnic groups and regions.

Who were some key figures in the early development of Bahasa Indonesia?

Key figures in the development of Bahasa Indonesia include Muhammad Tabrani Soerjowitjitro, who is recognized for his role in the early conceptualization of the language, and Muhammad Yamin, who advocated for Bahasa Indonesia as the national language during the 1928 Youth Congress.