Sistem Pengolahan Limbah Industri Farmasi

Summary

This script focuses on the importance of managing environmental impacts in industrial activities, particularly within the pharmaceutical sector. It covers various waste types—gas, solid, sound, vibration, and liquid waste—and their effects on the environment. Key points include strategies for controlling pollution, such as air quality monitoring, waste management practices, and the treatment of wastewater. Emphasizing the need for effective regulations and sustainable practices, the script outlines steps for minimizing negative environmental effects while maximizing positive impacts, alongside monitoring methods for different pollution sources like noise, vibration, and water quality.

Takeaways

• 😀 Environmental development should focus on realizing environmentally conscious practices and reducing the impact of industrial activities.
• 😀 Identifying the potential emergence of significant environmental damage as a result of industrial actions is crucial for effective management.
• 😀 Overcoming or minimizing negative environmental impacts from industrial activities is essential for protecting environmental quality.
• 😀 Monitoring the interaction of industrial activities with the environment using legally determined indicators and environmental standards is necessary.
• 😀 Three key environmental management documents are AMDAL, UKL or PL, and SPPL, which help assess and manage environmental impacts.
• 😀 Pharmaceutical industrial waste consists of gas waste (air pollution), solid waste, sound and vibration waste, and liquid waste.
• 😀 Gas waste, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen (N2), and other chemicals, can negatively affect air quality and public health.
• 😀 Solid waste management involves handling materials such as expired drugs, substandard drugs, paper, plastics, and household waste.
• 😀 Waste management efforts include collecting recyclables, using dust collectors for air pollutants, and properly disposing of wastewater treatment mud.
• 😀 Sound and vibration waste management includes reducing noise from generators and machines and mitigating vibrations using concrete floors and roof reinforcements.
• 😀 Liquid waste management involves creating drainage systems, wastewater treatment plants, and special treatment for beta-lactam group waste before mixing with non-beta-lactam waste.
• 😀 Liquid waste treatment uses primary, secondary, and tertiary stages to remove pollutants, with physical, chemical, and biological processes to meet quality standards.
• 😀 Key water quality parameters include oxygen levels (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), which are used to monitor wastewater and environmental impact.

Q & A

What is the first step in environmental management in industrial activities?

The first step is to realize environmentally conscious development, ensuring that industrial activities are conducted in a way that minimizes environmental harm.

How does industrial activity impact the environment?

Industrial activities can lead to the emergence of large and significant environmental damage, especially if the negative impacts are not controlled or minimized.

What are the four main sources of pharmaceutical industrial waste?

The four main sources of pharmaceutical industrial waste are gas waste (air pollution), solid waste, sound and vibration waste, and liquid waste.

What are the potential negative effects of excessive gas waste on air quality?

Excessive gas waste can reduce air quality, pollute the atmosphere, and pose health risks to the public, as air pollutants can be harmful to human and environmental health.

How is air pollution from industrial activities categorized?

Air pollution is classified into two categories: particles (such as dust, smoke, water vapor) and gases, with gases being imperceptible to the naked eye but detectable by smell or harmful effects.

What are the steps in managing and monitoring solid waste in pharmaceutical industries?

Solid waste management involves using dust collectors for dust, collecting expired or damaged drugs, and managing paper, plastic, aluminum foil, and mud from wastewater treatment. These materials are either recycled or incinerated.

What methods are used to reduce sound and vibration pollution in pharmaceutical industries?

To manage sound pollution, double-walled rooms are created to house generators, and periodic machine maintenance is performed. Vibration is mitigated by placing machines on reinforced concrete floors.

How is liquid waste from pharmaceutical industries treated to prevent water pollution?

Liquid waste is managed by creating drainage systems, wastewater treatment plants (IPAL), and specifically adding NaOH to liquid waste from the beta-lactam group to break down the beta-lactam ring before mixing with other waste.

What are the primary stages in the liquid waste treatment process (IPAL)?

The stages include primary treatment (removing insoluble waste), secondary treatment (eliminating organic and inorganic compounds), and tertiary treatment (reducing COD and BOD using aeration and biological bacteria).

What is the significance of terms like BOD, COD, and DO in environmental waste management?

BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), and DO (Dissolved Oxygen) are important indicators of water quality. They measure the amount of oxygen required to oxidize organic and inorganic substances, and the oxygen level in water, respectively, indicating pollution levels and the health of water bodies.