HUTANG PIUTANG ANTAR PERUSAHAAN AFILIASI Transfer Tidak Langsung

Summary

In this video, Muhammad Hafiz from Universitas Negeri Semarang explains the concept of indirect debt transfer between affiliated companies. He provides a detailed example involving PT Anak, PT Induk, and PT Luar, illustrating how bonds are issued and purchased, including amortization of premiums and handling dividends. The explanation covers how these transactions are recorded in the financial statements, focusing on consolidation, investment elimination, and the impact on consolidated profits. The video aims to clarify complex accounting concepts related to inter-company transactions and their treatment in financial reports.

Takeaways

• 😀 The video discusses 'Indirect Debt Transfer' between affiliated companies, focusing on how one company issues bonds and another affiliated company purchases them.
• 😀 Indirect debt transfer involves the issuance of bonds by a subsidiary, which are then purchased by the parent company or another affiliate, creating an inter-company debt relationship.
• 😀 An example scenario is presented where a parent company acquires 60% of the subsidiary's shares, and the subsidiary issues bonds that are later bought back by the parent company.
• 😀 The video explains how the sale price of bonds can be above or below the nominal value, referring to this as either a premium or discount, respectively.
• 😀 The bonds in the example are issued by the subsidiary at a premium price, and later purchased by the parent company at a specified price, which reflects a change in the bond's value over time.
• 😀 Accounting entries are explained, such as the journal entries for purchasing the bonds, including premium amortization and interest expense accounting.
• 😀 The concept of amortizing a bond premium is illustrated with an example where interest expense is lower than the nominal bond payment due to premium amortization.
• 😀 When the parent company buys bonds from an external company, no inter-company debt relationship exists until the bonds are transferred back to the parent company from the external party.
• 😀 The example also covers dividend distributions by the subsidiary and how these are recorded in the parent company's financial statements using the equity method.
• 😀 In the context of consolidation, transactions between the parent and subsidiary, such as debt transfers, must be eliminated to reflect the financial situation of the group as a whole.
• 😀 The video concludes with an explanation of the process for consolidating the results, including eliminating inter-company investments and recognizing gains or losses on debt settlements during consolidation.

Q & A

What is the main focus of this video?

The video explains the concept of indirect debt transfer between affiliated companies, specifically focusing on the example of a parent company purchasing bonds issued by its subsidiary.

What are the two types of debt transfer discussed in the video?

The two types of debt transfer discussed are direct debt transfer and indirect debt transfer.

Can you provide an example of an indirect debt transfer as explained in the video?

An example of an indirect debt transfer is when a subsidiary issues bonds, which are first bought by an external company, and later, the parent company buys those bonds from the external company.

What is the significance of the premium or discount in the example?

In the example, the bond is issued at a premium (above the nominal value). This affects the journal entries and amortization process, which the video explains in detail.

How does the bond issuance impact the financial records of PT Anak and PT Induk?

When PT Anak issues bonds at a premium, it records the bond at its nominal value and the premium separately. PT Induk, upon purchasing the bonds, will have to adjust its financial records accordingly, reflecting the purchase at a discounted or premium value.

What is the role of amortization in the bond example?

Amortization in the bond example involves spreading the premium or discount over the bond's life. This reduces the effective interest expense, as explained by the example where each semi-annual payment is adjusted based on the premium amortization.

How is the elimination of intercompany transactions handled in the consolidation process?

During consolidation, intercompany transactions such as investments in bonds and internal debt are eliminated. This ensures that the financial statements reflect the consolidated entity as a whole, without double-counting intra-group transactions.

What is the importance of eliminating gains from debt buybacks in consolidation?

Eliminating gains from debt buybacks during consolidation is crucial because the parent and subsidiary are considered a single entity for reporting purposes. Any intercompany transactions, including the purchase of debt, need to be adjusted to avoid distorting the financial results.

What is the impact of the debt transfer on the consolidated net income?

The debt transfer affects the consolidated net income by adjusting for intercompany profits and losses. For example, the gain from the bond buyback is eliminated, and the share of profits from PT Anak is included based on PT Induk’s ownership percentage.

How is the consolidated net income calculated based on the example?

The consolidated net income is calculated by combining the separate net incomes of PT Induk and PT Anak, adding any adjustments for intercompany transactions like the amortization of the bond premium and the share of PT Anak's profits that belong to PT Induk.