Simulasi Proses Pengolahan Limbah Cair pada Industri Tekstil | Contoh WWTP pada PT Sritex

Summary

This video explains the wastewater treatment process at PT Sri Rezeki Isman (Sritex) in Sukoharjo, Central Java. The company generates significant wastewater from textile production, particularly from dyeing, washing, and bleaching processes. The treatment includes several steps: screening, equalization, coagulation, flocculation, biological treatment, sedimentation, filtration, and final quality checks. The treated water is safely returned to the environment or used for non-production purposes like irrigation and cooling. This process ensures environmental preservation, showcasing Sritex's commitment to sustainable practices and water conservation.

Takeaways

• 😀 The textile industry generates significant wastewater daily, especially from dyeing, washing, and bleaching processes.
• 😀 The wastewater contains hazardous chemicals such as synthetic dyes, heavy metals, detergents, and has high BOD and COD levels, which can harm rivers and aquatic life.
• 😀 PT Sri Rezeki Isman (SRI) in Sukoharjo, Jawa Tengah produces around 1500 to 2000 m³ of wastewater per day.
• 😀 The first step in wastewater treatment is screening, where large contaminants like fibers, fabrics, and plastics are removed to prevent equipment clogging.
• 😀 The wastewater is then sent to an equalization tank, where pollutant concentration and flow rates are stabilized before further treatment.
• 😀 The equalization tank holds about 125 m³ and uses mechanical mixers and aeration blowers to prevent sedimentation and maintain oxygen stability.
• 😀 In the coagulation and flocculation stage, chemicals like PAC (polyaluminum chloride) are added to help suspended particles clump together.
• 😀 The flocculated particles are separated in a clarifier, where the sludge settles at the bottom, and the clearer water moves on to the biological treatment phase.
• 😀 The biological treatment uses an aeration tank with activated sludge to significantly reduce BOD, COD, and textile dyes, with aerobic bacteria keeping the process active.
• 😀 After biological treatment, the water is sent to a secondary settling tank to remove excess sludge, part of which is recycled back into the aeration tank.
• 😀 The treated water is then filtered through sand and activated carbon to remove residual color, odors, and micro particles.
• 😀 The waste sludge from the clarifier is dried using a filter press and disposed of in landfills, meeting environmental standards.
• 😀 Final treated water is tested to ensure it meets quality standards and is either released into rivers or used for non-production purposes like garden irrigation or cooling.
• 😀 The wastewater treatment process at SRI is designed to ensure safe water returns to the environment, emphasizing both technical processes and environmental responsibility.

Q & A

What is the primary source of liquid waste in the textile industry?

The primary source of liquid waste in the textile industry comes from processes such as dyeing, washing, and bleaching fabrics. These processes generate large volumes of wastewater containing harmful chemicals like synthetic dyes, heavy metals, detergents, and high levels of BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) and COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand).

What happens if wastewater from the textile industry is not properly treated?

If not properly treated, textile wastewater can pollute rivers, harm aquatic life, and pose serious health risks to humans. This is due to the presence of toxic chemicals, high BOD and COD, and other contaminants in the untreated water.

How much wastewater does PT Sri Rezeki Isman, Tbk (SRI) produce daily?

PT Sri Rezeki Isman, Tbk (SRI) produces an average of 1500 to 2000 cubic meters of wastewater daily from its textile manufacturing operations.

What is the role of the screening unit in the wastewater treatment process?

The screening unit plays a crucial role in filtering large debris like fabric fibers, plastic, and other coarse solids from the wastewater. This helps prevent blockages in the equipment used in subsequent stages of the treatment process.

Why is the equalization tank important in the wastewater treatment process?

The equalization tank helps stabilize the flow rate and concentration of pollutants in the wastewater before it moves to further treatment. It ensures consistent quality of water entering the next stages of the process, preventing overloading of the system.

What chemicals are added during the coagulation and flocculation stage, and why?

During coagulation and flocculation, chemicals like PAC (Poly Aluminum Chloride) are added to help clump together suspended particles and colloids, forming larger aggregates called flocks. This process aids in the removal of these particles from the water.

How are the flocks separated from the water after coagulation and flocculation?

After coagulation and flocculation, the formed flocks are separated in a clarifier. The heavier sludge settles at the bottom of the clarifier, while the clearer water on top is directed to the biological treatment stage.

What happens in the biological treatment stage of wastewater treatment?

In the biological treatment stage, wastewater undergoes aeration in a tank where aerobic bacteria are used to break down organic pollutants. Air is pumped into the tank to maintain the activity of the bacteria, effectively reducing BOD, COD, and the textile dye in the water.

What happens to the excess sludge generated in the biological treatment stage?

The excess sludge generated during the biological treatment is sent to a secondary settling tank to separate it from the treated water. Some of the sludge is recycled back into the aeration tank, while the rest is disposed of in a landfill after being dried.

How is the treated wastewater further purified before it is released or reused?

After the biological treatment, the wastewater is filtered using sand and activated carbon filters. This filtration removes any remaining color, odors, and fine particles that may have escaped the previous stages. The treated water is then tested to ensure it meets environmental standards before being discharged into rivers or reused for non-production purposes like irrigation or cooling.