Materi Bahasa Jepang - Pekerjaan Rumah Tangga (Nihongo Kira-kira Bab 14)

Summary

This video script focuses on learning Japanese vocabulary and sentence structures related to household chores (kaji). It introduces key terms for tasks like cleaning, cooking, laundry, and shopping, along with frequency adverbs to describe how often these chores are done. The lesson highlights sentence patterns, such as 'Yoku shimasu' (I do it often) and 'Amari shimasen' (I don't do it often), as well as a conversation between two characters discussing household duties. Additionally, the script covers family-related vocabulary and provides practical examples to help learners understand and use the language in everyday contexts.

Takeaways

• 😀 Household chores in Japanese are referred to as 'kaji' and include tasks like cleaning, cooking, laundry, dishwashing, and ironing.
• 😀 Common Japanese verbs used for household chores include 'soji shimasu' (cleaning), 'ryori shimasu' (cooking), 'sentaku shimasu' (doing laundry), and 'sara o araimasu' (dishwashing).
• 😀 When talking about frequency, Japanese uses terms like 'yoku' (often), 'tokidoki' (sometimes), 'amari' (rarely), and 'zenzen' (not at all).
• 😀 When the frequency 'amari' or 'zenzen' is used, the verb is in its negative form (e.g., 'shimasen').
• 😀 If the frequency 'yoku' or 'tokidoki' is used, the verb remains in its positive form (e.g., 'shimasu').
• 😀 Example sentence patterns: 'Yoku soji shimasu' means 'I clean often,' while 'Zenzen soji shimasen' means 'I don't clean at all.'
• 😀 A conversation example: Asking someone if they help with household chores ('Yoku otetsudao shimasu ka?'), and they can respond with frequency and the task ('Yoku soji shimasu').
• 😀 The lesson includes the vocabulary for family members such as 'sofu' (grandfather), 'sobo' (grandmother), 'haha' (mother), and 'ani' (older brother).
• 😀 Another sentence structure used is for explaining who does the chores in a family, e.g., 'Uchi de haha ga ryori shimasu' meaning 'My mother cooks at home.'
• 😀 A helpful practice exercise is provided to reinforce the material, with questions like 'Yoku otetsudao shimasu ka?' and 'Donna otetsudao shimasu ka?'

Q & A

What is the main topic of the lesson in the script?

The main topic of the lesson is about household chores ('kaji' in Japanese), and it covers the vocabulary and sentence structures related to common tasks performed at home.

How do you say 'household chores' in Japanese?

Household chores are referred to as 'kaji' in Japanese.

What are some common household chores mentioned in the lesson?

Some common household chores mentioned include cleaning ('soji shimasu'), cooking ('ryori shimasu'), laundry ('sentaku shimasu'), washing dishes ('sara o arimasu'), ironing ('airon o kakemasu'), caring for the elderly or sick ('sewa o shimasu'), watering plants ('hanani mizu o yarimasu'), and shopping ('kaimono o shimasu').

How do you express frequency in Japanese for household chores?

To express frequency, you can use words like 'yoku' (often), 'tokidoki' (sometimes), 'amari' (rarely), and 'zenzen' (not at all). These words are used before the verb, and depending on the frequency word, the verb changes to either a positive or negative form.

What happens to the verb when 'amari' or 'zenzen' is used in a sentence?

When 'amari' (rarely) or 'zenzen' (not at all) is used, the verb is changed to its negative form. For example, 'ryori shimasu' (to cook) becomes 'ryori shimasen' (not cook).

What is the structure of a sentence when talking about frequency and household chores?

The structure is: Subject + frequency (e.g., 'yoku', 'tokidoki') + verb (positive or negative) + household chore. For example: 'Watashi wa yoku ryori shimasu' (I often cook).

What is the difference between 'yoku' and 'tokidoki' in expressing frequency?

'Yoku' means 'often', while 'tokidoki' means 'sometimes'. 'Yoku' is used for more frequent actions, and 'tokidoki' is used for less frequent actions.

How do you ask about someone's frequency in doing household chores in Japanese?

You can ask using the phrase 'Yoku otetsudao shimasu ka?' which means 'Do you often help with household chores?'

What is the structure for asking about someone's chores in their house?

To ask about someone's chores in their house, you can use the structure: 'Uchi de [verb] shimasu ka?', where 'Uchi de' means 'at home', and '[verb] shimasu ka?' is the question form of a verb (e.g., 'Uchi de ryori shimasu ka?' - 'Do you cook at home?').

What does 'uchi de' mean in Japanese?

'Uchi de' means 'at home' or 'in the house'. It is used to specify where an action takes place, such as household chores.