#9 - Teknik Pengumpulan Data Penelitian KUALITATIF

Summary

This video script discusses data collection techniques in qualitative research, emphasizing the importance of selecting the right methods to gather relevant data. It outlines the three main steps: identifying the necessary information, determining how to collect it (through methods like interviews, focus groups, document studies, and observation), and planning the logistics for data collection. The presenter highlights the differences between qualitative and quantitative research methods, as well as the need for careful planning and preparation to ensure a smooth data collection process. The video aims to guide researchers in effectively gathering and analyzing data in qualitative studies.

Takeaways

• 😀 Data collection is an effort to gather information needed to answer research questions or achieve research objectives.
• 😀 Data in qualitative research can take many forms, including words, numbers, images, videos, sounds, and more.
• 😀 The accuracy and relevance of the data depend on choosing the correct data collection technique for the research question.
• 😀 The main steps in data collection for qualitative research include determining what information is needed, selecting the right method to gather it, and planning the technical aspects of data collection.
• 😀 It's important to define the type of information you need, who your participants are, and how to access them for effective data collection.
• 😀 Methods for gathering data in qualitative research include interviews, focus group discussions (FGD), document analysis, and observation.
• 😀 Interviews can be structured, semi-structured, or unstructured depending on the level of flexibility required during the data collection process.
• 😀 Focus group discussions (FGD) provide a way to gather group perspectives and clarify group consensus on a given topic.
• 😀 Observations can be participatory (where the researcher joins the group) or non-participatory (where the researcher observes without engaging directly).
• 😀 Document analysis and social media analysis are other methods for collecting data, where researchers review relevant documents or analyze content on platforms like YouTube and Facebook.
• 😀 Planning technical aspects of data collection, such as permissions, recording tools, time management, and language considerations, is essential to ensure smooth research execution.

Q & A

What is data collection in the context of qualitative research?

Data collection in qualitative research refers to the process of gathering information or facts to answer research questions or achieve research objectives. The data can be in the form of words, images, numbers, sounds, or other forms that will be processed to provide answers.

Why is it important to choose the right technique for data collection in qualitative research?

It is important to choose the right technique to ensure that the data gathered is relevant and appropriate for answering the research questions. Using the wrong technique can lead to collecting data that does not meet the research's needs, which can undermine the entire study.

What are the main differences between qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques?

Qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques differ in their approaches, tools, and methods. Qualitative data collection focuses on gathering detailed, non-numerical data, often through interviews, focus groups, or observations. Quantitative data collection involves numerical data and statistical analysis, typically using surveys, experiments, or structured observations.

What is the first step in data collection for qualitative research?

The first step is determining what information or data is needed to answer the research questions. This involves identifying the type of information required and understanding from whom or where to gather that information.

How can the research title help in determining the information needed for data collection?

The research title can provide a clue about the type of information needed by highlighting key concepts or variables. For example, a title like 'Perceptions of Teachers on Ideal Teachers' directly indicates that the researcher needs information on teachers' opinions regarding the concept of an ideal teacher.

What are the main data collection techniques used in qualitative research?

The main data collection techniques in qualitative research include interviews (structured, semi-structured, or unstructured), focus group discussions (FGD), document analysis, observation, and social media analysis.

What is the role of interviews in qualitative data collection?

Interviews are used to gather in-depth information from participants on specific topics. They can be structured with a set list of questions, semi-structured with some flexibility, or unstructured, where the conversation evolves naturally to explore deeper insights.

How is focus group discussion (FGD) used in qualitative research?

In FGD, a group of participants discusses a specific topic in a controlled setting, allowing researchers to explore group dynamics, clarify consensus, and gain insights into shared experiences or opinions. It is often combined with other data collection methods, such as interviews.

What is the difference between participant and non-participant observation in qualitative research?

In participant observation, the researcher actively engages with the group being studied, often becoming part of the community or activity being observed. In non-participant observation, the researcher observes from a distance without actively engaging or interacting with the group.

Why is planning the technical aspects of data collection important in qualitative research?

Planning the technical aspects ensures that the data collection process runs smoothly. It includes preparing necessary permissions, determining how to access participants, selecting recording tools, deciding on data storage, and considering ethical concerns such as consent and privacy.