MATA PENCAHARIAN MASYARAKAT MELAYU RIAU (TAPAK LAPAN)

Summary

This video provides an educational overview of the traditional livelihoods of the Malay community in Riau, particularly focusing on the 'Tapak Lapan' system. The Tapak Lapan refers to an economic-cultural system encompassing eight primary occupations practiced by the community, including farming, gardening, carpentry, animal husbandry, forest resource utilization, fishing, and trading. The video also delves into the cultural values and rituals embedded in these practices, emphasizing the importance of sustainability and local knowledge. The lesson concludes with a traditional Malay poem, encouraging the younger generation to respect cultural norms and continue learning.

Takeaways

• 😀 The video focuses on the traditional livelihoods of the Malay people in Tapak Lapan, Riau, Indonesia.
• 😀 Tapak Lapan refers to an economic and cultural system based on eight traditional occupations, passed down through generations.
• 😀 The first livelihood discussed is 'berladang' (farming), which involves traditional shifting cultivation and land management with strict cultural and environmental laws.
• 😀 The 12 stages of farming include forming groups, clearing land, planting rice, and harvesting, with a strong adherence to local customs and rituals.
• 😀 The second livelihood is 'berkebun' (gardening), involving the cultivation of various crops, especially on lands suited to specific plants like coconuts and rubber.
• 😀 'Bertukang' (crafting) is another occupation, focusing on craftsmanship in building houses, ships, and tools, guided by traditional laws.
• 😀 'Beternak' (animal husbandry) involves raising livestock like cattle, buffalo, and goats, often in the family's yard or farm.
• 😀 'Beniro' (processing products) includes making sugar from palm trees and other secondary activities like grinding sugar cane and collecting fruits.
• 😀 'Memanfaatkan hasil hutan' (utilizing forest resources) emphasizes sustainable practices like collecting rattan, wood, and other materials, in line with environmental regulations.
• 😀 'Menangkap ikan' (fishing) is practiced by local communities, ensuring that fishing methods are eco-friendly and respectful of local ecosystems.
• 😀 'Berdagang' (trading) refers to the sale of various products like crops, crafts, livestock, and forest products, either at local markets or through village shops.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the video?

The main topic discussed in the video is the traditional livelihood system of the Malay community in Riau, known as 'Tapak Lapan.'

What does 'Tapak Lapan' refer to?

'Tapak Lapan' refers to a cultural economic system of the Malay people in Riau, which involves eight traditional livelihoods based on time division and skills.

What is the etymology of 'Tapak Lapan'?

'Tapak Lapan' comes from the words 'tapak,' which means the base or foundation, and 'lapan,' which means eight. Together, it means the 'eight foundations' or 'eight steps.'

What is the first livelihood included in the 'Tapak Lapan' system?

The first livelihood in the 'Tapak Lapan' system is 'berladang,' which involves traditional shifting cultivation, including planting rice and other crops while adhering to environmental and cultural rules.

How many stages are there in the 'berladang' (shifting cultivation) process?

There are 12 stages in the 'berladang' process, ranging from forming groups, opening land, planting rice, to harvesting and managing the land after cultivation.

What are some values embedded in the 'berladang' livelihood?

The values embedded in 'berladang' include maintaining environmental sustainability, respecting forest laws, and incorporating rituals and myths to preserve the land and culture.

What is the second livelihood in the 'Tapak Lapan' system?

The second livelihood is 'berkebun,' which refers to cultivating permanent crops such as coconut, rubber, and other plants, tailored to the geographic conditions of the region.

What is 'bertukang' and how does it fit into the 'Tapak Lapan' system?

'Bertukang' is the craft of woodworking, involving the construction of homes, boats, and tools based on community needs. It also includes making agricultural tools and fishing equipment.

How does 'beternak' fit into the 'Tapak Lapan' system?

'Beternak' involves raising livestock such as cattle, goats, and poultry as a way of utilizing free time. It is a traditional livelihood that complements other practices like farming and fishing.

What is the final livelihood in the 'Tapak Lapan' system?

The final livelihood is 'berdagang,' which involves trading various goods such as farm produce, crafted goods, livestock, and forest products in local markets or trading posts.