Apa Itu Penyakit Jantung Koroner?

Summary

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a heart disorder caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscles due to damaged coronary arteries. This damage often results from a buildup of fat, leading to a condition called atherosclerosis. Symptoms may include chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, and sweating. If left untreated, it can lead to a heart attack (myocardial infarction). In Indonesia, CAD is the second leading cause of death after stroke. Preventative measures include regular health check-ups, avoiding smoking, staying physically active, maintaining a healthy diet, managing stress, and ensuring enough rest.

Takeaways

• 😀 Coronary heart disease is a condition where the heart's function is disrupted due to a lack of blood supply to the heart muscle.
• 😀 The damage to the coronary blood vessels can lead to narrowing or blockage, often caused by plaque, blood clots, or fatty deposits in the vessel walls.
• 😀 Atherosclerosis, the buildup of fat in the blood vessels, is one of the most common causes of coronary artery disease.
• 😀 The process of narrowing the arteries is slow and often results in chest pain, which is known as angina pectoris.
• 😀 If the fatty buildup continues, it can lead to a blockage, causing a lack of oxygen to the heart muscle and potentially leading to a heart attack (myocardial infarction).
• 😀 Symptoms of coronary heart disease include palpitations, chest pain, nausea, vomiting, shortness of breath, cold sweats, fatigue, dizziness, and headaches.
• 😀 In Indonesia, coronary heart disease is the second leading cause of death after stroke.
• 😀 Risk factors for coronary heart disease include both non-modifiable factors (such as age and genetics) and modifiable factors (such as smoking, poor diet, and lack of exercise).
• 😀 To prevent coronary heart disease, the Ministry of Health recommends regular health checks, avoiding smoking, staying physically active, eating a balanced diet, getting adequate rest, and managing stress.
• 😀 While the heart does not always beat, humans have the responsibility to care for their heart health throughout their lives.

Q & A

What is coronary heart disease?

Coronary heart disease is a condition where the heart's function is disturbed due to the lack of blood supply to the heart muscles. This occurs due to damage to the coronary blood vessels, which can become narrowed or blocked.

What causes the damage to coronary blood vessels?

The damage to coronary blood vessels can be caused by plaque buildup, tears in the blood vessel wall, blood clots, or most commonly by fat accumulation in the blood vessel walls, known as atherosclerosis.

How long does the process of narrowing coronary blood vessels take?

The narrowing of the coronary blood vessels does not happen overnight but rather over a long period of time.

What are the common symptoms of coronary heart disease?

Common symptoms include chest pain (especially on the left side), radiating pain to the left shoulder, shortness of breath, sweating, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and headaches.

What is angina pectoris?

Angina pectoris, also known as 'angin duduk,' is chest pain caused by reduced oxygen supply to the heart due to narrowed coronary arteries. It typically presents as a pain that radiates to the left shoulder.

What happens if the fatty deposits continue to accumulate in the coronary arteries?

If the accumulation of fatty deposits continues, it can eventually cause a complete blockage of the coronary arteries, leading to severe oxygen deprivation in heart muscle cells, which can result in their death.

What is a myocardial infarction?

A myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when there is a sudden blockage of a coronary artery, leading to the death of heart muscle cells due to insufficient oxygen.

What are some of the key risk factors for coronary heart disease?

Risk factors for coronary heart disease include both modifiable factors (like smoking, poor diet, lack of physical activity, and stress) and non-modifiable factors (like age and genetic predisposition).

What advice does the Ministry of Health give for preventing coronary heart disease?

The Ministry of Health advises adopting a 'CERDIK' lifestyle, which involves regular health check-ups, avoiding cigarette smoke, maintaining a balanced diet, staying physically active, getting enough rest, and managing stress.

What is the leading cause of death in Indonesia related to coronary heart disease?

In Indonesia, coronary heart disease is the second leading cause of death after stroke.