Kelenjar Thiroid dan Parathiroid

Summary

In this video, Widyaningsih explains the functions and disorders related to the thyroid and parathyroid glands. The thyroid gland produces thyroxine, which regulates metabolism, and its imbalance can lead to conditions like cretinism and myxedema. The parathyroid glands secrete calcitonin and parathyroid hormone (PTH), which work antagonistically to regulate calcium levels in the body. Deficiencies or excesses in these hormones can lead to various health issues, such as tetany, muscle spasms, fragile bones, and kidney stones. The video also touches upon the thymus gland as the next topic of discussion.

Takeaways

• 😀 The thyroid gland is located in front of the trachea, below the Adam's apple, and produces the hormone thyroxine.
• 😀 Thyroxine regulates the body's metabolism by catalyzing chemical reactions.
• 😀 A deficiency of thyroxine causes conditions like cretinism (dwarfism) and myxedema.
• 😀 Excessive thyroxine leads to a condition known as Graves' disease.
• 😀 The parathyroid glands, also called the 'child thyroid,' are four small glands located behind the thyroid.
• 😀 The parathyroid glands produce two hormones: calcitonin and parathormone, which work in opposition to each other.
• 😀 Calcitonin helps regulate calcium metabolism by promoting calcium storage in bones and lowering blood calcium levels.
• 😀 Parathormone, on the other hand, increases calcium release from bones and raises blood calcium levels.
• 😀 Deficiency in calcitonin can lead to iron deficiency, while excessive calcitonin causes a decrease in blood calcium.
• 😀 A lack of parathormone causes conditions like tetanus and muscle spasms, while excessive parathormone weakens bones and can lead to kidney stones.
• 😀 The video concludes by previewing the next topic on the thymus gland and encourages viewers to like and subscribe.

Q & A

What is the main function of the thyroid gland?

The thyroid gland produces the hormone thyroxine, which regulates the body's metabolism by catalyzing chemical reactions.

What are the effects of a deficiency of thyroxine?

A deficiency in thyroxine can lead to conditions like cretinism, which causes stunted growth, and myxedema, which affects the skin and other tissues.

What happens when there is an excess of thyroxine in the body?

An excess of thyroxine can lead to a condition called Graves' disease, characterized by hyperthyroidism and symptoms like weight loss and rapid heartbeat.

Where is the thyroid gland located in the body?

The thyroid gland is located in front of the trachea, just below the Adam's apple.

What is the function of the parathyroid glands?

The parathyroid glands produce parathormone, which, along with calcitonin from the thyroid, helps regulate calcium metabolism in the body.

How do calcitonin and parathormone interact in calcium regulation?

Calcitonin and parathormone work antagonistically. Calcitonin lowers blood calcium levels by promoting calcium storage in the bones, while parathormone raises blood calcium levels by stimulating calcium release from bones.

What is the effect of a deficiency in calcitonin?

A deficiency in calcitonin can lead to iron deficiency.

What are the symptoms of excess calcitonin in the body?

Excess calcitonin can cause a decrease in blood calcium levels, potentially leading to hypocalcemia.

What are the consequences of a parathormone deficiency?

A deficiency in parathormone can lead to conditions such as tetanus and muscle spasms due to low calcium levels.

What can happen if there is an excess of parathormone?

Excess parathormone can lead to brittle bones and kidney stones, as it causes increased calcium levels in the blood and bones.