Kurikulum Merdeka Rangkuman IPS Kelas 8 Tema 4 Perdagangan Internasional

Summary

This educational video explains key concepts in international trade, focusing on exports, imports, and related transactions. It covers the definitions of export and import, types of goods traded, and payment methods, including cash transactions and open accounts. The video also discusses factors that drive and hinder international trade, such as resource differences and policy conflicts. Additionally, it touches on economic cooperation between countries, both regional and global, and the role of Indonesia in international economic collaboration. The impact of technology (IPTEK) on the economy and the benefits and challenges of economic partnerships are also explored.

Takeaways

• 😀 Export refers to selling goods or products to foreign countries, and those who do it are called exporters. The main goal of export is to earn profit.
• 😀 Import is the act of buying goods from other countries, and those who do it are called importers. Imports can be divided into oil & gas (migas) and non-oil & gas (nonmigas) items.
• 😀 International trade transactions can be carried out in two main ways: cash payment (immediate) and opening an account (payment after receiving goods).
• 😀 A key international trade term is 'Letter of Credit,' which is a payment method that involves a draft for a fixed sum, often used in foreign trade.
• 😀 'Commercial Bills of Exchange' are documents written by exporters instructing importers to pay a specified amount at a later time, once signed by the importer.
• 😀 'Wessel Bank' is a bank order issued by domestic banks to foreign correspondent banks, which serves as a payment guarantee in international transactions.
• 😀 The factors driving international trade include resource differences, cost-saving production, national needs fulfillment, and technological disparities.
• 😀 Factors that hinder international trade include currency differences, varied national policies, and conflicts or wars.
• 😀 International trade policies include tariffs, import quotas, export bans, subsidies, and premiums, which regulate trade between countries.
• 😀 International economic cooperation aims to expand markets, promote domestic productivity, meet national needs, stimulate economic growth, and support global peace and order.
• 😀 Indonesia plays a prominent role in international cooperation by leading and being actively involved in regional and global economic organizations like ASEAN, APEC, and the IMF.

Q & A

What is the definition of export in international trade?

Export refers to the activity of selling goods or products to foreign countries, and the person or entity engaged in export is called an exporter. The primary goal of exporting is to gain profit.

What is the difference between export and import?

Export is the process of selling goods to other countries, while import is the act of purchasing goods from foreign countries. Exporters sell goods abroad, whereas importers buy goods from foreign markets.

What types of goods does Indonesia import?

Indonesia imports two categories of goods: oil and gas (migas) such as kerosene, gasoline, diesel, and LPG, and non-oil & gas goods like rubber, coffee, fish, plywood, palm oil, nickel, and coal.

What are the two main methods of international trade transactions?

The two primary methods are cash payments and open account payments. Cash payments are made immediately upon receiving confirmation of shipment, while open accounts involve payment after receiving the goods, based on mutual trust.

What is a Bill of Exchange in international trade?

A Bill of Exchange is a document written by the exporter instructing the importer to pay a specified amount at a set date. If the importer signs it, they agree to the terms of payment.

How does a Letter of Credit work in international trade?

A Letter of Credit is a payment method in international trade where a bank guarantees the payment to the exporter once certain conditions are met. It provides security for both parties in the transaction.

What are some factors that drive international trade?

Factors driving international trade include differences in natural resources, cost savings in production, national needs, and technological advantages among countries.

What obstacles can hinder international trade?

Obstacles include currency differences, varying policies between countries, and conflicts or wars, which can disrupt trade relations.

What are some common policies used to regulate international trade?

Countries use policies like tariffs, import quotas, export bans, and subsidies to regulate trade. These policies help control the flow of goods and maintain economic balance.

What role does Indonesia play in international economic cooperation?

Indonesia plays a key role as a pioneer and founder of economic cooperation organizations such as ASEAN. Indonesia also participates as an active player in regional and international economic collaborations.