Bahasan Observasi Penelitian, Jenis, Cara Membuat, dan Contohnya

Summary

In this video, the concept of observation as a research method is explored, focusing on its two main types: participatory and non-participatory observation. The importance of access to informants, sampling, data variety, and ethical considerations in observational research is discussed. The presenter emphasizes the need for proper access to data and how different methods, such as structured or unstructured interviews, affect data collection. Ethical practices, both open and closed, are crucial in building trust with the community being studied. The video also provides examples of observational studies, such as the role of housewives in waste management and the impact of accelerated classes on student achievement.

Takeaways

• 😀 Observation is an essential method in research for collecting data by directly observing behaviors and actions of the subjects.
• 😀 There are two main types of observation: participatory and non-participatory. Participatory involves being an active part of the observed environment, while non-participatory means observing from a distance.
• 😀 Participatory observation provides deeper insights by immersing the researcher in the community or setting being studied.
• 😀 Non-participatory observation is useful for studying phenomena without direct involvement in the subject's environment.
• 😀 Access to informants or research subjects is crucial in the observation process and can impact data collection effectiveness.
• 😀 Sampling helps researchers select the most relevant informants or subjects to provide valuable insights for the study.
• 😀 The data collected during observation can vary depending on the method used, such as structured or unstructured interviews.
• 😀 Ethical considerations in observation include deciding whether to be open about the researcher's identity or remain hidden to avoid bias in the data collection.
• 😀 Good ethical practices in observation help build trust with the community being studied and improve the quality of data gathered.
• 😀 Example 1: Studying the role of housewives in waste management in Bintaro using participatory observation to understand their daily routines.
• 😀 Example 2: Observing the impact of accelerated learning classes on student achievement in SMA Al Abidin Surakarta to assess their effectiveness.

Q & A

What is the main focus of observation in research?

The main focus of observation in research is to collect data by directly watching and recording behaviors, actions, or phenomena in their natural environment, allowing researchers to gain insights without manipulating the subjects.

What are the two main types of observation mentioned in the video?

The two main types of observation are participant observation, where the researcher actively engages with the community or group being studied, and non-participant observation, where the researcher observes without direct involvement.

How does participant observation differ from non-participant observation?

Participant observation involves the researcher immersing themselves in the community or group, participating in daily activities to better understand the subjects, while non-participant observation involves observing without interaction, offering a more detached view of the phenomena.

Why is access to informants important in observational research?

Access to informants is crucial because it allows the researcher to collect accurate and relevant data from the subjects being studied. Easy access to informants ensures smoother data collection and enhances the depth of the research.

What role does sampling play in observational research?

Sampling helps researchers identify the appropriate individuals or groups to study. By selecting relevant and knowledgeable informants, researchers ensure that the data collected is meaningful and representative of the phenomena being observed.

What are the two types of data structures that can be collected during observation?

The two types of data structures that can be collected are structured data, which follows a specific framework or survey, and unstructured data, which comes from open-ended observations and interactions, providing richer and more detailed insights.

What is the importance of ethics in observational research?

Ethics in observational research ensures that the researcher respects the rights and privacy of the subjects. It involves transparency in the research process and requires the researcher to either disclose their identity and purpose (open ethics) or keep it confidential (closed ethics), depending on the approach.

What is the difference between closed ethics and open ethics in observational research?

Closed ethics refers to when the researcher does not disclose their identity or the purpose of the study to the subjects, while open ethics involves being transparent with the participants about the research goals and methods.

How does the ethical approach affect the outcome of observational research?

The ethical approach can influence how participants respond to the researcher. Open ethics tends to create a more welcoming environment, fostering cooperation, while closed ethics may lead to less engagement or trust from the subjects.

Can you provide an example of a real-life observation mentioned in the video?

One example provided in the video is observing the role of housewives in managing waste in Bintaro, Tangerang. The researcher could either participate in daily routines or simply observe how the community handles waste management practices.