Cara Mudah Mendesain Proposal Penelitian KUALITATIF & Perbedaan Mendasar dengan KUANTITATIF

Summary

This video explains the fundamental differences between qualitative and quantitative research. The speaker highlights how qualitative research begins with real-world observations, exploring open-ended questions to understand experiences, while quantitative research starts with hypotheses and tests them through structured, numerical data. The video discusses the nature of data collection, the role of theory, and the application of both approaches. It emphasizes the flexibility of qualitative research and its focus on individual perspectives, compared to the more rigid, hypothesis-driven approach of quantitative research. Practical examples are provided to illustrate the differences in real-world applications.

Takeaways

• 😀 Qualitative research starts with a problem, issue, or experience that can be observed, while quantitative research starts with theoretical assumptions or hypotheses.
• 😀 Qualitative research questions are broad and exploratory, whereas quantitative research questions are more focused and aim to test hypotheses or causal relationships.
• 😀 Data collection in qualitative research involves in-depth interactions, often through interviews, allowing for iterative exploration, whereas quantitative research collects structured data from larger sample sizes.
• 😀 Qualitative research uses inductive reasoning, generating theories from data, while quantitative research uses deductive reasoning, testing existing theories.
• 😀 Qualitative research may lead to the creation of new theories, while quantitative research typically aims to confirm or refute existing theories.
• 😀 Qualitative research focuses on individual experiences and perspectives, while quantitative research seeks generalizable findings across larger populations.
• 😀 The research design in qualitative research is flexible and evolves over time, while quantitative research follows a more rigid, predefined structure.
• 😀 In qualitative research, social reality is seen as something constructed by individuals, constantly changing, whereas in quantitative research, social reality is treated as measurable and objective.
• 😀 Despite the flexibility of qualitative research, it requires clear focus, planning, and structured data collection to ensure meaningful results.
• 😀 Research ideas in qualitative research can stem from various sources, such as personal interests, literature reviews, social issues, or academic inquiries.
• 😀 Qualitative research values the perspectives of participants and seeks to interpret the meaning of their experiences within a broader context of knowledge.

Q & A

What is the primary difference between qualitative and quantitative research?

Qualitative research begins with issues, experiences, or events that can be observed, while quantitative research starts with theoretical assumptions or hypotheses. Qualitative research is more open-ended and exploratory, while quantitative research tests hypotheses through structured methods.

How does the research process differ between qualitative and quantitative research in terms of hypothesis?

In qualitative research, the questions are broad and open-ended, and the hypothesis may emerge during the process. In contrast, quantitative research typically starts with a clear hypothesis that is tested through data collection.

What is the role of theory in qualitative research?

In qualitative research, the theory can emerge from the data itself, and researchers may revise their understanding as they gather more information. It is a more flexible and inductive approach compared to quantitative research, where theory typically precedes the data collection.

What does inductive reasoning in qualitative research imply?

Inductive reasoning in qualitative research means that researchers observe specific instances or phenomena and gradually form broader conclusions or theories. This contrasts with deductive reasoning in quantitative research, where researchers start with a general theory and test it with data.

Why is the sample size typically smaller in qualitative research compared to quantitative research?

Qualitative research often focuses on in-depth exploration of a few cases or individuals, which requires a smaller sample size. In contrast, quantitative research aims to generalize findings to a larger population, which necessitates a larger sample size.

What does the data collection process look like in qualitative research?

In qualitative research, data collection is often iterative and involves repeated interactions with participants, such as interviews, to clarify and refine the research questions and findings. It can include observing individuals and interpreting their behaviors or experiences.

How does qualitative research approach reality and social phenomena?

Qualitative research views reality as a social construct that is constantly changing and is shaped by individuals' interpretations. It focuses on understanding how people perceive and experience their social world.

What is the significance of 'theoretical generalization' in qualitative research?

Theoretical generalization in qualitative research refers to the idea that findings from a specific context or group can inform broader theories, even though the results may not be directly applicable to other contexts.

What are the strategies for conducting qualitative research?

Qualitative research strategies include focusing on words rather than numbers, using inductive approaches to theory-building, and rejecting rigid scientific models. Researchers appreciate individual perspectives and consider social realities as subjective and fluid.

What factors can lead to the formation of a research question in qualitative research?

Research questions in qualitative research can arise from personal interests, previous experiences, literature reviews, social issues, or emerging trends. For example, a researcher might explore a contemporary issue like AI or social media trends based on their observations or societal changes.