Tugas Konseling Gizi (Kasus 4 Diabetes Militus) Jihan Fadhilah G2B221062

Summary

In this consultation, a nutritionist helps a patient with diabetes by discussing her struggles with wound healing and constant thirst. The nutritionist recommends a gradual weight loss plan, aiming for a weight reduction of 10-12 kg, and provides guidance on a balanced diet. Key recommendations include reducing sugar and fat intake, focusing on healthy carbohydrates like brown rice and vegetables, and increasing protein consumption. The session concludes with advice on meal frequency and a follow-up appointment for further support.

Takeaways

• 😀 The patient is seeking advice for a wound that won't heal and experiencing excessive thirst, which may be linked to high blood sugar levels.
• 😀 The patient has a history of diabetes and has already been reducing sugary foods and drinks, but the wound remains problematic.
• 😀 The nutritionist explains that the patient has a BMI indicating obesity, which could contribute to the wound healing issues and high blood sugar.
• 😀 The patient's blood glucose level is quite high, indicating poor diabetes control (315 mg/dL, while normal is below 145 mg/dL).
• 😀 To address both the wound and high blood sugar, the nutritionist suggests weight loss, aiming for a reduction of 10-12 kg.
• 😀 The nutritionist will provide a customized diet plan to help the patient achieve their ideal weight gradually while managing blood sugar levels.
• 😀 The patient is encouraged to increase water intake and maintain a healthy, balanced diet to support healing and overall health.
• 😀 The diet plan should include a balanced plate: half filled with fruits and vegetables, a quarter with protein (either animal or plant-based), and a quarter with carbs.
• 😀 Foods high in fat, sugar, or preservatives (such as canned or salty foods) should be limited to manage both blood sugar and weight.
• 😀 The patient is advised to prefer whole grains and foods with lower glycemic indexes, such as brown rice, corn, and tubers, while avoiding excessive use of oils during cooking.
• 😀 For wound healing, the nutritionist suggests increasing protein intake through sources like legumes, nuts, and fish to aid tissue repair.
• 😀 The patient should aim for five meals a day: three main meals and two snacks, spaced evenly throughout the day to regulate metabolism and blood sugar.

Q & A

What are the patient's main health concerns during the consultation?

The patient is concerned about a wound that is slow to heal and persistent feelings of thirst, which may be related to high blood sugar levels.

What medical history does the patient have that could be influencing her current condition?

The patient has a history of diabetes mellitus and has previously received dietary counseling to reduce sugary foods and drinks.

What is the patient's current weight and height, and how do these measurements affect her health?

The patient weighs 61 kg and is 155 cm tall, which results in a diagnosis of obesity type 1, indicating a need to reduce weight for better health.

How does the patient's high blood sugar level affect her health?

The patient's blood sugar level is 315 mg/dL, which is significantly higher than the normal range (under 145 mg/dL). This is contributing to her slow-healing wounds and constant thirst.

What is the recommended weight loss goal for the patient to improve her health?

The patient should aim to lose between 10 to 12 kg in order to reach an ideal weight and help manage her high blood sugar levels.

What dietary changes are recommended to help manage the patient's weight and blood sugar?

The patient is advised to follow a balanced diet, focusing on a plate model that includes half of the plate with vegetables and fruits, a quarter with protein (animal or plant-based), and a quarter with carbohydrates.

What specific food choices and preparation methods are suggested for the patient?

The patient is encouraged to choose healthy carbohydrates like brown rice, corn, and root vegetables, and avoid excessive use of oil in food preparation. Steaming, boiling, or grilling is recommended over frying.

How should the patient address her protein intake, especially considering her wound healing?

The patient should increase her protein intake, especially from plant-based sources such as legumes, to support healing. Fish and poultry are also recommended.

How frequently should the patient eat, and what are the recommended meal structures?

The patient should aim to eat five times a day: three main meals (breakfast, lunch, and dinner) and two snacks (morning and afternoon).

What additional support is offered to the patient regarding follow-up and ongoing care?

The patient is encouraged to return for a follow-up visit in one week. In case of any issues or questions before then, the patient can contact the clinic using the provided phone number.