Why we have too few women leaders | Sheryl Sandberg

TED
21 Dec 201015:28

Summary

TLDRCe discours aborde le problème persistant de l'absence des femmes au sommet des professions dans le monde entier. Malgré les progrès, les femmes sont sous-représentées dans les postes clés des gouvernements, des parlements et des entreprises. Le texte souligne également les choix difficiles auxquels elles sont confrontées entre succès professionnel et accomplissement personnel, et les obstacles rencontrés dans les lieux de travail. L'oratrice insiste sur l'importance de rester dans la force de travail, de s'asseoir à la table des décisions, de faire en sorte que son partenaire participe réellement aux responsabilités familiales et de ne pas se retirer du marché du travail avant d'avoir besoin de le faire. Elle exprime son optimisme quant à la possibilité d'un monde meilleur dirigé par des femmes, où les choix seraient plus équitables pour les deux sexes.

Takeaways

  • 🙏 Nous sommes chanceux de vivre dans un monde où les choix de carrière pour les femmes sont moins limités que dans le passé.
  • 🌍 Malgré les droits civiques de base, certaines femmes dans le monde ne les possèdent toujours pas.
  • 🚫 Les femmes ne parviennent pas à atteindre les sommets de la profession dans le monde entier, comme le montrent les chiffres.
  • 🔢 Les femmes sont sous-représentées dans les postes de direction, les sièges au conseil d'administration et les postes clés dans les entreprises.
  • 💼 Les femmes font face à des choix difficiles entre succès professionnel et accomplissement personnel.
  • 👶 Une étude révèle que parmi les gestionnaires seniors mariés, les hommes ont plus de chances d'avoir des enfants que les femmes.
  • 🏢 L'absence de facilités pour les femmes dans les lieux de travail, comme les toilettes, souligne l'absence de femmes dans les professions élevées.
  • 🔑 Pour augmenter la représentation des femmes, il est important de les encourager à rester dans la force de travail.
  • 💡 Les trois messages clés pour les femmes qui souhaitent rester dans la force de travail sont: s'asseoir à la table, faire de son partenaire un véritable partenaire, et ne pas partir avant de partir.
  • 👫 Il est crucial de partager ces messages avec nos filles, nos collègues et nous-mêmes pour encourager l'égalité des sexes.
  • 🌟 Un monde dirigé par une moitié femmes serait un monde meilleur, offrant à chacun le choix d'atteindre le succès et d'être apprécié pour ses accomplissements.

Q & A

  • Quelle est la principale préoccupation exprimée par la conférencière dans son discours?

    -La conférencière s'inquiète du fait que les femmes ne parviennent pas à atteindre les postes de direction dans les professions du monde entier, malgré les progrès réalisés en termes de droits civiques et de choix de carrière.

  • Quels sont les pourcentages de femmes représentés dans les secteurs politique et des entreprises selon les statistiques mentionnées dans le discours?

    -Selon les statistiques, sur tous les dirigeants d'État, 9 sont des femmes. Dans les parlements du monde, 13% sont des femmes. Dans le secteur des entreprises, les femmes occupent jusqu'à 15 à 16% des postes de direction et de sièges au conseil d'administration. Dans le secteur non lucratif, les femmes au sommet représentent 20%.

  • Quel exemple personnel a-t-elle donné pour illustrer les obstacles rencontrés par les femmes dans les lieux de travail masculins?

    -Elle a partagé une expérience où, lors d'une réunion dans les bureaux d'une entreprise de capitaux-risques à New York, le partenaire qui présidait la réunion ne savait pas où se trouvait la salle des femmes, ce qui l'a amenée à se demander si elle était la première femme à présenter un projet dans ces bureaux au cours de l'année.

  • Quels sont les trois messages clés que la conférencière suggère pour aider les femmes à rester dans la force de travail?

    -Les trois messages sont: 1) S'asseoir à la table, 2) Faire de votre partenaire un véritable partenaire, 3) Ne partez pas avant de partir.

  • Pourquoi la conférencière insiste-t-elle sur l'importance de 's'asseoir à la table'?

    -Elle souligne que les femmes ont tendance à sous-estimer leurs propres capacités et ne négocient pas pour elles-mêmes dans le milieu professionnel. S'asseoir à la table symbolise l'affirmation de leur place et de leur valeur dans les discussions et les décisions importantes.

  • Quels sont les défis auxquels les femmes sont confrontées lorsqu'elles cherchent à atteindre un équilibre entre le succès professionnel et la satisfaction personnelle?

    -Les femmes font face à des choix difficiles et sont souvent obligées de faire des compromis entre leur carrière et leur vie personnelle. Une étude américaine mentionnée indique que parmi les gestionnaires seniors mariés, deux-tiers des hommes avaient des enfants, tandis qu'un tiers seulement des femmes en avaient.

  • Quelle est l'importance de faire de son partenaire un 'vrai partenaire' dans le contexte de l'équilibre travail-famille?

    -La conférencière soutient que les femmes font souvent plus de travail domestique et de soins aux enfants que les hommes, ce qui les pousse à abandonner la force de travail. Un partenaire qui partage les responsabilités ménagères et parentales peut aider à maintenir les femmes dans la force de travail.

  • Pourquoi la conférencière recommande-t-elle aux femmes de 'ne pas partir avant de partir'?

    -Elle constate que les femmes ont tendance à reculer dans leur carrière dès qu'elles envisagent d'avoir un enfant, ce qui les rend moins susceptibles de poursuivre des opportunités de promotion ou de nouveaux projets. Elle encourage les femmes à rester engagées et à ne pas prendre de décisions préemptives qui pourraient les empêcher de prospérer.

  • Quelle est la corrélation entre le succès et la sympathie selon les études mentionnées dans le discours?

    -Selon les données, le succès et la sympathie sont positivement corrélés pour les hommes et négativement corrélés pour les femmes, ce qui crée un défi pour les femmes qui cherchent à atteindre les postes de direction.

  • Quels sont les messages que la conférencière souhaite transmettre à ses propres enfants et à ceux des autres?

    -Elle souhaite que son fils ait le choix de contribuer pleinement au sein de la force de travail ou à la maison, et qu'une fille ait le choix de réussir et d'être appréciée pour ses réalisations.

Outlines

00:00

👩‍💼 L'absence des femmes au sommet des professions

Le discours commence par une reconnaissance de chance de vivre dans un monde où les femmes ont plus de droits et de possibilités que les générations précédentes. Malgré cela, la conférencière souligne un problème persistant : les femmes ne parviennent pas à atteindre les postes de direction dans les professions. Des statistiques sont citées pour illustrer l'absence des femmes en tant que dirigeants d'État, membres du parlement ou postes clés dans les entreprises. La conférencière propose de se concentrer sur ce que les femmes peuvent faire individuellement pour changer cette situation, plutôt que de discuter des solutions organisationnelles.

05:01

🤔 L'auto-sous-estimation et l'impact sur la carrière

Dans ce paragraphe, la conférencière explore le concept d'auto-sous-estimation des femmes par rapport à leurs compétences et leur réussite. Elle partage une expérience personnelle et des données qui montrent que les femmes sont moins susceptibles de négocier pour elles-mêmes et de s'attribuer le mérite de leur succès. Cette tendance est mise en parallèle avec la difficulté pour les femmes de paraître aimables tout en étant ambitieuses, ce qui peut entraîner des conséquences pour leur carrière. La conférencière insiste sur l'importance de s'asseoir à la table des décisions et de reconnaître son propre mérite.

10:03

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 L'inégalité des rôles au sein du foyer

La troisième partie du discours met en lumière l'inégalité des tâches ménagères et des responsabilités parentales entre hommes et femmes, même lorsqu'ils travaillent à temps plein. Les femmes s'occupent disproportionnellement plus de la maison et des enfants, ce qui peut les amener à réduire leur engagement professionnel. La conférencière appelle à un partage plus égal des responsabilités au foyer pour permettre aux femmes de rester actives dans le milieu professionnel et à créer un environnement plus favorable à l'épanouissement de chacun.

🚫 Ne pas se retirer avant de partir

Dans le dernier paragraphe, la conférencière aborde le phénomène de 'se retirer avant de partir', où les femmes réduisent leur engagement et leurs ambitions professionnelles en anticipant sur la venue d'un enfant. Elle explique comment cela peut entraîner un manque de satisfaction et de motivation dans leur travail, et pousse à ne pas prendre de décisions préemptives qui pourraient les empêcher de poursuivre une carrière stimulante. Elle encourage les femmes à rester engagées et à ne pas ralentir leurs ambitions avant que la nécessité d'un congé parental ne se présente réellement.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡égalité des sexes

L'égalité des sexes fait réfé à l'idée que les femmes et les hommes devraient avoir les mêmes droits, opportunités et traitement dans tous les domaines de la vie. Dans le script, l'oratrice souligne que bien que les femmes aient fait des progrès, elles ne parviennent pas à atteindre les postes les plus élevés dans les professions du monde entier, ce qui illustre le problème de l'égalité des sexes non résolu.

💡leadership féminin

Le leadership féminin se réfère à la capacité des femmes à diriger et à prendre des décisions dans diverses organisations et entreprises. L'oratrice mentionne que les femmes sont sous-représentées dans les postes de direction, avec seulement 13% des sièges dans les parlements et 15-16% des postes de direction dans les entreprises, mettant en lumière l'absence de leadership féminin à la pointe de la hiérarchie.

💡discrimination

La discrimination est le traitement inégal en raison de caractéristiques telles que le sexe, l'race ou l'âge. Le script aborde la discrimination en montrant que les femmes font face à des choix plus difficiles entre le succès professionnel et la réalisation personnelle, et que les femmes sont moins susceptibles de négocier leur salaire ou de poursuivre des promotions.

💡femme au travail

La femme au travail est une femme qui travaille à l'extérieur du domicile, généralement dans un emploi rémunéré. L'oratrice discute des défis auxquels les femmes au travail sont confrontées, notamment la difficulté à concilier le travail et la vie familiale, et comment cela peut les amener à abandonner la force de travail.

💡soutien mutuel

Le soutien mutuel est l'idée que les partenaires dans une relation doivent travailler ensemble et partager les responsabilités. L'oratrice insiste sur l'importance de faire de son partenaire un 'vrai partenaire' en partageant les tâches ménagères et les soins des enfants, ce qui est crucial pour permettre aux femmes de rester actives dans le marché du travail.

💡auto-évaluation

L'auto-évaluation est le processus par lequel une personne évalue ses propres compétences et performances. Dans le script, il est montré que les femmes ont tendance à sous-évaluer leurs propres capacités par rapport aux hommes, ce qui les empêche de négocier pour eux-mêmes ou de postuler pour des promotions.

💡négociation

La négociation est le processus de discussion pour arriver à un accord ou une décision. L'oratrice mentionne que les femmes sont moins susceptibles de négocier leur salaire initial ou de poursuivre des promotions, ce qui est un facteur important dans la façon dont elles sont sous-représentées dans les postes de direction.

💡succès professionnel

Le succès professionnel fait référence à l'atteinte d'objectifs et de réalisations dans le milieu de travail. Le script met en évidence le fait que les femmes rencontrent souvent des obstacles à atteindre le sommet de leur profession, en partie à cause de stéréotypes de genre et d'une auto-évaluation plus faible.

💡famille travailleuse

Une famille travailleuse est une famille où tous les membres adultes travaillent à l'extérieur du domicile. L'oratrice discute de la façon dont les femmes dans les familles travailleuses sont souvent surchargées de travail, effectuant le double travail de la maison et du soin des enfants, ce qui peut les amener à quitter la force de travail.

💡partage des responsabilités

Le partage des responsabilités fait référence à la répartition équitable des tâches ménagères et des soins des enfants entre les partenaires d'une relation. L'oratrice souligne que le partage des responsabilités est essentiel pour permettre aux femmes de rester dans la force de travail et de poursuivre leur succès professionnel.

💡stéréotypes de genre

Les stéréotypes de genre sont des croyances préétablies et souvent erronées sur les rôles et les comportements considérés comme appropriés pour les femmes et les hommes. Dans le script, il est mentionné que les stéréotypes de genre peuvent influencer la perception de la compétence et de la likeabilité des femmes, ce qui peut les empêcher de monter en grade.

Highlights

We are fortunate not to live in the limited world of career choices for women as in the past.

Despite basic civil rights, some women still lack them globally.

Women are underrepresented at the top of all professions worldwide.

Only 9 out of 190 heads of state are women.

13 percent of parliamentary members are women globally.

In the corporate sector, women hold only 15-16 percent of top positions.

Numbers of women in top positions have not improved since 2002.

Women face harder choices between professional success and personal fulfillment.

Only one-third of married women senior managers have children compared to two-thirds of men.

Author's personal experience highlights the rarity of women in certain professional settings.

The importance of keeping women in the workforce to change the current statistics.

Individual actions and mindsets are crucial for women to stay and succeed in their careers.

Three key messages for women to stay in the workforce: sit at the table, make your partner a real partner, and don't leave before you leave.

Women need to overcome underestimating their abilities and own their success.

Men and women differ in how they attribute their success, affecting their career progression.

Success and likeability have different correlations for men and women, impacting women's professional choices.

The societal expectation and support for men and women's roles in the home need to change.

Households with equal responsibilities have lower divorce rates and more intimacy.

Women often start 'leaning back' in their careers before they even take maternity leave.

The importance of not making decisions too far in advance that could impact one's career.

The hope for future generations to see more women at the top of industries.

The desire for a world where women can be both successful and liked for their accomplishments.

Transcripts

play00:04

So for any of us in this room today, let's start out by admitting we're lucky.

play00:08

We don't live in the world our mothers lived in,

play00:11

our grandmothers lived in,

play00:12

where career choices for women were so limited.

play00:15

And if you're in this room today,

play00:17

most of us grew up in a world where we have basic civil rights,

play00:22

and amazingly, we still live in a world where some women don't have them.

play00:26

But all that aside, we still have a problem,

play00:29

and it's a real problem.

play00:30

And the problem is this:

play00:32

Women are not making it to the top of any profession

play00:36

anywhere in the world.

play00:38

The numbers tell the story quite clearly.

play00:41

190 heads of state -- nine are women.

play00:44

Of all the people in parliament in the world,

play00:47

13 percent are women.

play00:49

In the corporate sector, women at the top,

play00:52

C-level jobs, board seats --

play00:54

tops out at 15, 16 percent.

play00:57

The numbers have not moved since 2002

play01:00

and are going in the wrong direction.

play01:02

And even in the non-profit world,

play01:04

a world we sometimes think of as being led by more women,

play01:08

women at the top: 20 percent.

play01:11

We also have another problem,

play01:12

which is that women face harder choices

play01:15

between professional success and personal fulfillment.

play01:18

A recent study in the U.S. showed that, of married senior managers,

play01:24

two-thirds of the married men had children

play01:26

and only one-third of the married women had children.

play01:30

A couple of years ago, I was in New York,

play01:32

and I was pitching a deal,

play01:33

and I was in one of those fancy New York private equity offices

play01:37

you can picture.

play01:38

And I'm in the meeting -- it's about a three-hour meeting --

play01:41

and two hours in, there needs to be that bio break,

play01:44

and everyone stands up,

play01:46

and the partner running the meeting starts looking really embarrassed.

play01:49

And I realized he doesn't know where the women's room is in his office.

play01:54

So I start looking around for moving boxes,

play01:56

figuring they just moved in, but I don't see any.

play01:58

And so I said, "Did you just move into this office?"

play02:02

And he said, "No, we've been here about a year."

play02:05

And I said, "Are you telling me that I am the only woman

play02:09

to have pitched a deal in this office in a year?"

play02:12

And he looked at me, and he said,

play02:14

"Yeah. Or maybe you're the only one who had to go to the bathroom."

play02:17

(Laughter)

play02:20

So the question is, how are we going to fix this?

play02:25

How do we change these numbers at the top?

play02:28

How do we make this different?

play02:31

I want to start out by saying, I talk about this --

play02:33

about keeping women in the workforce --

play02:36

because I really think that's the answer.

play02:39

In the high-income part of our workforce,

play02:41

in the people who end up at the top --

play02:43

Fortune 500 CEO jobs, or the equivalent in other industries --

play02:48

the problem, I am convinced, is that women are dropping out.

play02:52

Now people talk about this a lot,

play02:54

and they talk about things like flextime and mentoring

play02:57

and programs companies should have to train women.

play03:00

I want to talk about none of that today,

play03:01

even though that's all really important.

play03:04

Today I want to focus on what we can do as individuals.

play03:07

What are the messages we need to tell ourselves?

play03:09

What are the messages we tell the women that work with and for us?

play03:12

What are the messages we tell our daughters?

play03:15

Now, at the outset, I want to be very clear

play03:17

that this speech comes with no judgments.

play03:19

I don't have the right answer.

play03:21

I don't even have it for myself.

play03:23

I left San Francisco, where I live, on Monday,

play03:26

and I was getting on the plane for this conference.

play03:29

And my daughter, who's three, when I dropped her off at preschool,

play03:32

did that whole hugging-the-leg, crying, "Mommy, don't get on the plane" thing.

play03:36

This is hard. I feel guilty sometimes.

play03:38

I know no women,

play03:40

whether they're at home or whether they're in the workforce,

play03:43

who don't feel that sometimes.

play03:44

So I'm not saying that staying in the workforce

play03:47

is the right thing for everyone.

play03:49

My talk today is about what the messages are

play03:52

if you do want to stay in the workforce,

play03:54

and I think there are three.

play03:57

One, sit at the table.

play03:59

Two, make your partner a real partner.

play04:02

And three, don't leave before you leave.

play04:07

Number one: sit at the table.

play04:09

Just a couple weeks ago at Facebook,

play04:11

we hosted a very senior government official,

play04:13

and he came in to meet with senior execs

play04:16

from around Silicon Valley.

play04:18

And everyone kind of sat at the table.

play04:21

He had these two women who were traveling with him

play04:23

pretty senior in his department,

play04:25

and I kind of said to them,

play04:26

"Sit at the table. Come on, sit at the table,"

play04:29

and they sat on the side of the room.

play04:32

When I was in college, my senior year,

play04:34

I took a course called European Intellectual History.

play04:36

Don't you love that kind of thing from college?

play04:38

I wish I could do that now.

play04:40

And I took it with my roommate, Carrie,

play04:42

who was then a brilliant literary student --

play04:45

and went on to be a brilliant literary scholar --

play04:47

and my brother -- smart guy,

play04:49

but a water-polo-playing pre-med,

play04:51

who was a sophomore.

play04:52

The three of us take this class together.

play04:55

And then Carrie reads all the books in the original Greek and Latin,

play04:59

goes to all the lectures.

play05:00

I read all the books in English

play05:03

and go to most of the lectures.

play05:04

My brother is kind of busy.

play05:06

He reads one book of 12 and goes to a couple of lectures,

play05:10

marches himself up to our room

play05:13

a couple days before the exam to get himself tutored.

play05:16

The three of us go to the exam together, and we sit down.

play05:19

And we sit there for three hours --

play05:21

and our little blue notebooks -- yes, I'm that old.

play05:23

We walk out, we look at each other, and we say, "How did you do?"

play05:26

And Carrie says, "Boy, I feel like I didn't really draw out the main point

play05:30

on the Hegelian dialectic."

play05:32

And I say, "God, I really wish I had really connected

play05:34

John Locke's theory of property with the philosophers that follow."

play05:38

And my brother says,

play05:39

"I got the top grade in the class."

play05:41

(Laughter)

play05:43

"You got the top grade in the class?

play05:45

You don't know anything."

play05:47

(Laughter)

play05:48

The problem with these stories is that they show what the data shows:

play05:53

women systematically underestimate their own abilities.

play05:56

If you test men and women,

play05:58

and you ask them questions on totally objective criteria like GPAs,

play06:02

men get it wrong slightly high,

play06:04

and women get it wrong slightly low.

play06:06

Women do not negotiate for themselves in the workforce.

play06:09

A study in the last two years

play06:11

of people entering the workforce out of college

play06:14

showed that 57 percent of boys entering, or men, I guess,

play06:18

are negotiating their first salary,

play06:20

and only seven percent of women.

play06:23

And most importantly,

play06:25

men attribute their success to themselves,

play06:28

and women attribute it to other external factors.

play06:31

If you ask men why they did a good job,

play06:33

they'll say, "I'm awesome.

play06:36

Obviously. Why are you even asking?"

play06:39

If you ask women why they did a good job,

play06:41

what they'll say is someone helped them,

play06:43

they got lucky, they worked really hard.

play06:46

Why does this matter?

play06:47

Boy, it matters a lot.

play06:49

Because no one gets to the corner office

play06:52

by sitting on the side, not at the table,

play06:55

and no one gets the promotion

play06:57

if they don't think they deserve their success,

play06:59

or they don't even understand their own success.

play07:03

I wish the answer were easy.

play07:05

I wish I could go tell all the young women I work for,

play07:07

these fabulous women,

play07:08

"Believe in yourself and negotiate for yourself.

play07:11

Own your own success."

play07:12

I wish I could tell that to my daughter.

play07:15

But it's not that simple.

play07:17

Because what the data shows, above all else, is one thing,

play07:21

which is that success and likeability are positively correlated for men

play07:25

and negatively correlated for women.

play07:28

And everyone's nodding, because we all know this to be true.

play07:31

There's a really good study that shows this really well.

play07:34

There's a famous Harvard Business School study

play07:36

on a woman named Heidi Roizen.

play07:38

And she's an operator in a company in Silicon Valley,

play07:42

and she uses her contacts

play07:44

to become a very successful venture capitalist.

play07:47

In 2002 -- not so long ago --

play07:49

a professor who was then at Columbia University

play07:51

took that case and made it [Howard] Roizen.

play07:54

And he gave the case out, both of them, to two groups of students.

play07:58

He changed exactly one word:

play08:00

"Heidi" to "Howard."

play08:02

But that one word made a really big difference.

play08:06

He then surveyed the students,

play08:07

and the good news was the students, both men and women,

play08:10

thought Heidi and Howard were equally competent,

play08:12

and that's good.

play08:14

The bad news was that everyone liked Howard.

play08:17

He's a great guy. You want to work for him.

play08:19

You want to spend the day fishing with him.

play08:21

But Heidi? Not so sure.

play08:22

She's a little out for herself. She's a little political.

play08:25

You're not sure you'd want to work for her.

play08:28

This is the complication.

play08:30

We have to tell our daughters and our colleagues,

play08:32

we have to tell ourselves to believe we got the A,

play08:35

to reach for the promotion, to sit at the table,

play08:38

and we have to do it in a world

play08:40

where, for them, there are sacrifices they will make for that,

play08:43

even though for their brothers, there are not.

play08:47

The saddest thing about all of this is that it's really hard to remember this.

play08:51

And I'm about to tell a story which is truly embarrassing for me,

play08:54

but I think important.

play08:55

I gave this talk at Facebook not so long ago

play08:59

to about 100 employees,

play09:01

and a couple hours later, there was a young woman who works there

play09:04

sitting outside my little desk, and she wanted to talk to me.

play09:07

I said, okay, and she sat down, and we talked.

play09:10

And she said, "I learned something today.

play09:12

I learned that I need to keep my hand up."

play09:14

"What do you mean?"

play09:15

She said, "You're giving this talk,

play09:17

and you said you would take two more questions.

play09:19

I had my hand up with many other people,

play09:21

and you took two more questions.

play09:23

I put my hand down, and I noticed all the women did the same,

play09:26

and then you took more questions,

play09:28

only from the men."

play09:30

And I thought to myself,

play09:31

"Wow, if it's me -- who cares about this, obviously --

play09:34

giving this talk --

play09:36

and during this talk, I can't even notice that the men's hands are still raised,

play09:42

and the women's hands are still raised,

play09:44

how good are we

play09:45

as managers of our companies and our organizations

play09:48

at seeing that the men are reaching for opportunities

play09:50

more than women?"

play09:52

We've got to get women to sit at the table.

play09:55

(Cheers)

play09:56

(Applause)

play09:59

Message number two:

play10:00

Make your partner a real partner.

play10:02

I've become convinced that we've made more progress in the workforce

play10:05

than we have in the home.

play10:07

The data shows this very clearly.

play10:10

If a woman and a man work full-time and have a child,

play10:14

the woman does twice the amount of housework the man does,

play10:18

and the woman does three times the amount of childcare the man does.

play10:22

So she's got three jobs or two jobs, and he's got one.

play10:26

Who do you think drops out when someone needs to be home more?

play10:30

The causes of this are really complicated, and I don't have time to go into them.

play10:34

And I don't think Sunday football-watching and general laziness is the cause.

play10:38

I think the cause is more complicated.

play10:40

I think, as a society,

play10:41

we put more pressure on our boys to succeed

play10:44

than we do on our girls.

play10:45

I know men that stay home

play10:48

and work in the home to support wives with careers,

play10:51

and it's hard.

play10:52

When I go to the Mommy-and-Me stuff and I see the father there,

play10:55

I notice that the other mommies don't play with him.

play10:59

And that's a problem,

play11:01

because we have to make it as important a job,

play11:04

because it's the hardest job in the world to work inside the home,

play11:08

for people of both genders,

play11:09

if we're going to even things out and let women stay in the workforce.

play11:13

(Applause)

play11:14

Studies show that households with equal earning

play11:16

and equal responsibility

play11:18

also have half the divorce rate.

play11:20

And if that wasn't good enough motivation for everyone out there,

play11:24

they also have more --

play11:25

how shall I say this on this stage?

play11:27

They know each other more in the biblical sense as well.

play11:30

(Cheers)

play11:33

Message number three:

play11:34

Don't leave before you leave.

play11:37

I think there's a really deep irony

play11:38

to the fact that actions women are taking --

play11:40

and I see this all the time --

play11:42

with the objective of staying in the workforce

play11:45

actually lead to their eventually leaving.

play11:48

Here's what happens:

play11:49

We're all busy. Everyone's busy. A woman's busy.

play11:52

And she starts thinking about having a child,

play11:54

and from the moment she starts thinking about having a child,

play11:57

she starts thinking about making room for that child.

play12:00

"How am I going to fit this into everything else I'm doing?"

play12:03

And literally from that moment,

play12:06

she doesn't raise her hand anymore,

play12:08

she doesn't look for a promotion, she doesn't take on the new project,

play12:12

she doesn't say, "Me. I want to do that."

play12:14

She starts leaning back.

play12:15

The problem is that --

play12:17

let's say she got pregnant that day, that day --

play12:20

nine months of pregnancy, three months of maternity leave,

play12:23

six months to catch your breath --

play12:25

Fast-forward two years,

play12:27

more often -- and as I've seen it --

play12:29

women start thinking about this way earlier --

play12:31

when they get engaged, or married,

play12:33

when they start thinking about having a child,

play12:35

which can take a long time.

play12:37

One woman came to see me about this.

play12:39

She looked a little young.

play12:41

And I said, "So are you and your husband thinking about having a baby?"

play12:44

And she said, "Oh no, I'm not married."

play12:46

She didn't even have a boyfriend.

play12:48

(Laughter)

play12:49

I said, "You're thinking about this just way too early."

play12:52

But the point is that what happens

play12:55

once you start kind of quietly leaning back?

play12:59

Everyone who's been through this --

play13:00

and I'm here to tell you, once you have a child at home,

play13:03

your job better be really good to go back,

play13:06

because it's hard to leave that kid at home.

play13:08

Your job needs to be challenging.

play13:10

It needs to be rewarding.

play13:11

You need to feel like you're making a difference.

play13:14

And if two years ago you didn't take a promotion

play13:17

and some guy next to you did,

play13:19

if three years ago you stopped looking for new opportunities,

play13:23

you're going to be bored

play13:25

because you should have kept your foot on the gas pedal.

play13:28

Don't leave before you leave.

play13:31

Stay in.

play13:32

Keep your foot on the gas pedal,

play13:34

until the very day you need to leave to take a break for a child --

play13:39

and then make your decisions.

play13:41

Don't make decisions too far in advance,

play13:43

particularly ones you're not even conscious you're making.

play13:48

My generation really, sadly,

play13:49

is not going to change the numbers at the top.

play13:52

They're just not moving.

play13:53

We are not going to get to where 50 percent of the population --

play13:57

in my generation, there will not be 50 percent of [women]

play13:59

at the top of any industry.

play14:02

But I'm hopeful that future generations can.

play14:05

I think a world where half of our countries and our companies

play14:10

were run by women, would be a better world.

play14:12

It's not just because people would know where the women's bathrooms are,

play14:16

even though that would be very helpful.

play14:19

I think it would be a better world.

play14:21

I have two children.

play14:23

I have a five-year-old son and a two-year-old daughter.

play14:26

I want my son to have a choice

play14:27

to contribute fully in the workforce or at home,

play14:30

and I want my daughter to have the choice to not just succeed,

play14:34

but to be liked for her accomplishments.

play14:37

Thank you.

play14:38

(Applause)

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Égalité professionnelleFemmes dirigeantesÉpanouissement personnelDroit des femmesOrientation de carrièreConférence TEDRôles de genreSélection de carrièreDéveloppement personnelÉquité au travail
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