Citation Basics (MLA, APA & Chicago)

Summary

This video explains the different citation styles used in academic writing: MLA, APA, and Chicago (Turabian). It covers how to properly cite sources within the text, whether using parentheses or footnotes, and how to format references in the bibliography or reference list. The video also discusses rhetorical citations and provides guidance on how to cite sources when using different citation systems. Additionally, it highlights helpful resources such as NYU's research guide, OWL Purdue, and 'The Elements of Style' by William Strunk Jr., offering a comprehensive guide to citation practices.

Takeaways

• 😀 MLA style is primarily used in Liberal Arts and Humanities and involves citing sources with the author's last name and page number in parentheses.
• 😀 APA style is mostly used in Social Sciences and includes the author's last name, year of publication, and page number with a 'p' for page number.
• 😀 Chicago/Turabian style uses footnotes or endnotes for citations instead of in-text parentheses, providing detailed information on the source.
• 😀 The MLA reference section lists full details of sources, including the author's name, title of the work, journal or magazine name, volume and issue number, publication date, and page numbers.
• 😀 In MLA, rhetorical citations can be used within the narrative, like stating 'According to Mower' instead of using in-text parentheses.
• 😀 Shortened citations in Chicago/Turabian style include the author's last name, the first four words of the title, and the page number.
• 😀 For Chicago/Turabian full citations, the author's name is followed by the full title, publication place, publisher, year, and the page number.
• 😀 Footnotes and endnotes in Chicago/Turabian style are used to provide full citation information for every source referenced in the text.
• 😀 Many papers include a bibliography at the end, listing every source used, where only short citations appear in the text itself.
• 😀 Online resources like NYU's research guide and OWL Purdue offer useful assistance with understanding and applying different citation styles.

Q & A

What are the three main citation styles covered in the video?

The three main citation styles covered in the video are MLA (Modern Language Association), APA (American Psychological Association), and Chicago/Turabian.

Which citation style is most commonly used in the Liberal Arts and Humanities?

MLA style is most commonly used in the Liberal Arts and Humanities fields.

What is the key difference between MLA and APA citation styles?

In MLA style, citations include the author's last name and the page number in parentheses, while in APA style, citations include the author's last name, year of publication, and page number with 'p' to indicate the page number.

What type of citation is used in Chicago/Turabian style?

Chicago/Turabian style uses footnotes or endnotes to indicate where a quote or idea came from, instead of using parentheses.

How is the full citation structured in Chicago/Turabian style?

In Chicago/Turabian style, a full citation includes the author's name, the title of the work (in italics), place of publication, publisher, year of publication, and the page number.

What happens when a source is quoted multiple times in Chicago/Turabian style?

When a source is quoted multiple times, after the first full citation, a shortened version is used, which includes the author's last name, a shortened title, and the page number.

What is the format for a citation in MLA style?

In MLA style, a citation includes the author's last name followed by the page number in parentheses, like this: (Mower 123).

What is included in a reference entry in MLA style?

A reference entry in MLA style includes the author's full name, the title of the article in quotation marks, the name of the magazine or journal, volume and issue numbers, the publication date, and the page numbers.

What is a rhetorical citation and when is it used?

A rhetorical citation is used within the narrative of the text instead of in parentheses. It is often used with phrases like 'according to' or 'Mower said,' followed by the quote or paraphrase.

What are some useful online resources for citation help?

Some useful online resources for citation help include NYU's research guide, OWL Purdue, and *The Elements of Style* by William Strunk Jr.