Aula de ingles - SIMPLE PRESENT

Summary

In this lesson, the instructor explains the use of the Simple Present tense in English. The video covers two main situations for its usage: stating facts (e.g., 'I love chocolate') and describing routines (e.g., 'I work from Monday to Friday'). It introduces the structure for affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences, emphasizing the use of auxiliary verbs like 'do' and 'does.' The video also highlights special rules for third-person singular subjects, such as adding 's' or 'es' to verbs and handling exceptions with certain word endings. The lesson concludes with practical examples and tips for students.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Simple Present tense is used to express facts (e.g., universal truths) and routines (e.g., regular habits).
• 😀 The structure for affirmative sentences is: Subject + Verb + Complement. Example: 'I love candy.'
• 😀 For third-person singular subjects (he, she, it), add 's' or 'es' to the verb in affirmative sentences. Example: 'She loves candy.'
• 😀 Negative sentences in the Simple Present use 'do not' (or 'don't') for most subjects and 'does not' (or 'doesn't') for third-person singular. Example: 'I don't love candy.'
• 😀 To form questions in the Simple Present, place 'do' (or 'does' for third-person singular) before the subject. Example: 'Do you love candy?'
• 😀 The Simple Present tense is particularly used when discussing routines, such as 'I wake up at 6 AM' or 'I work from Monday to Friday.'
• 😀 When using 'he', 'she', or 'it' in affirmative sentences, always add 's' or 'es' to the verb. Example: 'He works at the mall.'
• 😀 Verbs ending in 'ss', 'sh', 'x', or 'ch' take 'es' in the third-person singular form. Example: 'She teaches English.'
• 😀 Verbs ending in 'y' preceded by a consonant change the 'y' to 'i' and take 'es'. Example: 'He tries to study.'
• 😀 In the third-person singular, verbs ending in 'y' preceded by a vowel just take 's'. Example: 'He plays soccer.'

Q & A

What is the Simple Present tense used to express?

The Simple Present tense is used to express facts and routines. A fact is something that is universally true, like 'I love chocolate,' while a routine refers to actions done regularly, such as 'I wake up at 6 in the morning.'

What is the basic structure of an affirmative sentence in Simple Present?

In an affirmative sentence, the structure is simple: Subject + Verb (in the base form) + Complement. For example, 'I love candy' or 'You work at the mall.' The verb does not change for 'I', 'you', 'we', and 'they'.

How do you form the negative of a Simple Present sentence?

To form the negative, you use the auxiliary verb 'do' (or 'does' for third person singular) followed by 'not' before the main verb. For example, 'I do not love candy' or 'You don’t work at the mall.'

What is the difference between 'do not' and 'don't' in the Simple Present?

'Do not' is the full form, while 'don’t' is the contracted or informal version. Both have the same meaning and can be used interchangeably in negative sentences.

How is the question form of a Simple Present sentence constructed?

In questions, the auxiliary verb 'do' (or 'does' for third person singular) is placed before the subject. For example, 'Do you love candy?' or 'Does John work at the mall?'

Why does the verb change for third person singular in the Simple Present?

For third person singular (he, she, it), the verb typically ends with 's'. For example, 'John loves candy' or 'She works at the mall.' This is because English verbs take an 's' for third person singular in affirmative sentences.

What happens in the negative form for third person singular?

In the negative form for third person singular, you use 'does not' or 'doesn’t' and the verb stays in its base form without an 's'. For example, 'John does not love candy' or 'She doesn’t work at the mall.'

What is the rule for forming the third person singular in the Simple Present with verbs ending in 'ss', 'sh', 'ch', 'x', or 'z'?

For verbs ending in 'ss', 'sh', 'ch', 'x', or 'z', you add 'es' instead of just 's' in the third person singular. For example, 'He teaches English' or 'She goes to the mall.'

What happens if the verb ends in 'y' and is preceded by a consonant?

If the verb ends in 'y' and is preceded by a consonant, you remove the 'y' and add 'ies'. For example, 'She tries' or 'He studies.'

When do you simply add 's' to verbs in the third person singular?

If the verb ends in a vowel + 'y', you just add 's' in the third person singular. For example, 'She plays' or 'He enjoys.'