Kebijakan Dan Pembangunan Sektor Pertanian ( kelompok 2 )Perekonomian Indonesia

Summary

This presentation explores Indonesia's agricultural policies and development, covering the sector's historical context, challenges, and strategies for sustainable growth. Key topics include the role of agriculture in the national economy, the importance of government intervention, and the need for technological innovation. The presentation also discusses various agricultural models, the impact of climate change, and government initiatives such as the Kur program and the 'Threefold Export' movement. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of improving infrastructure, human resources, and education to ensure long-term food security and the well-being of farmers in Indonesia.

Takeaways

• 😀 The agricultural sector in Indonesia plays a crucial role in the national economy, contributing significantly to GDP, employment, and food security.
• 😀 Indonesia has a diverse agricultural subsector, including food crops, horticulture, plantations, fisheries, and livestock, each crucial to the country's economic development.
• 😀 The history of Indonesian agriculture has evolved from a colonial system to a post-independence phase where the government became the primary driver of agricultural policy and technology.
• 😀 Despite agricultural progress, challenges such as low productivity, limited technological access, small-scale farming, and poor educational levels in rural areas persist.
• 😀 Climate change poses a significant threat to agriculture in Indonesia, leading to extreme weather events that impact crop yields and food security.
• 😀 Key government policies, such as the KUR program (Kredit Usaha Rakyat), aim to provide financial support to small farmers to enhance productivity and sustainability.
• 😀 The G3X program (Gerakan Tiga Kali Lipat Ekspor) seeks to increase agricultural exports by leveraging technological innovations and improving infrastructure.
• 😀 The Costrad program (Komando Strategis Pembangunan Pertanian) is a strategic initiative aimed at streamlining and managing agricultural development at the national level.
• 😀 Sustainable agricultural development is emphasized through integrated, multi-sectoral approaches to tackle issues like land management, resource scarcity, and global competition.
• 😀 Future agricultural development in Indonesia should focus on technological innovation, education and skill development for rural workers, and boosting the competitiveness of agricultural markets.

Q & A

What is the significance of Indonesia's agricultural sector in its economy?

Indonesia's agricultural sector is vital to its economy, contributing significantly to GDP, employment, and food security. It encompasses key subsectors including food crops, horticulture, plantations, fisheries, and livestock.

How did Indonesia's agricultural sector evolve after independence?

After independence, Indonesia's agricultural policies focused on ensuring food security and national independence. The government took control of agricultural development, focusing on expanding production and increasing technological innovation to improve farming.

What are the main models of agricultural development mentioned in the script?

The script mentions several models of agricultural development, including the exploitative model, conservation model, diffusion model, input-output model, and industrial innovations, each aimed at improving agricultural productivity in different ways.

What are some of the internal challenges facing Indonesia's agricultural sector?

Indonesia faces several internal challenges in agriculture, such as limited land, the impact of climate change, small-scale farming, and uneven food production across regions. These factors hinder sustainable agricultural growth.

How does the Indonesian government address agricultural development?

The Indonesian government addresses agricultural development through various policies and programs that aim to boost production, improve technology usage, and ensure food security. This includes initiatives for credit access, sustainable practices, and the promotion of exports.

What role did the 'Orde Baru' (New Order) government play in agricultural development?

During the Orde Baru era, Indonesia focused on achieving food self-sufficiency, developing agribusiness, and modernizing agriculture through technology and infrastructure projects, laying the groundwork for later reforms.

What is the MDGs, and how does it relate to Indonesia's agricultural sector?

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) emphasize reducing poverty, hunger, and unemployment, and improving food security. For Indonesia's agricultural sector, achieving these goals involves increasing productivity, improving farmers' living conditions, and ensuring sustainable growth.

What are some of the key government programs for agricultural development?

Key government programs include the KUR (Credit Usaha Rakyat) to support farmers with access to credit, the Threefold Export Growth Program to increase agricultural exports, and the Strategic Command for Agricultural Development (Kostrad) to coordinate and monitor agricultural progress.

What are the primary strategies for ensuring sustainable agricultural development in Indonesia?

Strategies for sustainable agricultural development include improving agricultural productivity, enhancing infrastructure such as irrigation systems, adopting climate-resilient farming practices, and using innovative technologies to increase yield and efficiency.

What are the main challenges related to human resources in Indonesia's agricultural sector?

A significant challenge is the lack of skilled labor in agriculture, as many farmers have low educational levels. This affects the adoption of modern farming techniques and the overall productivity of the sector.