Sejarah Kerajaan Ternate | Maluku Utara

Summary

The video explores the history of the Sultanate of Ternate, one of the oldest and most powerful Islamic kingdoms in the Maluku Islands. It traces the origins of the kingdom back to an exodus from Halmahera in 1250, caused by political conflicts. Refugees settled in Ternate, where they formed communities, eventually uniting in 1257 through a significant meeting. Under the leadership of Chiko, the kingdom grew, and Ternate expanded its influence across Maluku and eastern Indonesia, establishing itself as a key historical power in the region.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Ternate Kingdom is one of the oldest Islamic kingdoms in the Maluku Islands and plays a significant role in the history of the Nusantara region.
• 😀 Around 1250, a mass exodus occurred from Halmahera due to political conflict with the authoritarian Jailolo kingdom, resulting in people settling in various parts of the island, including Ternate.
• 😀 Early settlers in Ternate chose to settle near the peak of Gunung Gamalama for safety, particularly to avoid pursuit by Jailolo's forces.
• 😀 The first community established in Ternate was Mito Bona, located between the peak of Gunung Gamalama and its surrounding areas, which had not yet erupted.
• 😀 Other settlements, such as Foramadiahi, were formed as the number of exiled people increased. This community was led by a figure named Mati.
• 😀 The third settlement, Sampala, was established near the coast, indicating a shift in focus as the community no longer feared Jailolo as a major threat.
• 😀 Communication between the early settlements was difficult due to their geographical distance, creating challenges in coordination among the communities.
• 😀 In 1257, representatives from the three major settlements gathered to conduct a meeting, possibly at Mito Bona, with the aim of unifying their communities and electing a leader.
• 😀 Chiko, a leader selected from the meeting, was given the title 'Kolano,' signifying his role as the ruler of the unified communities.
• 😀 The unification of the communities marked the beginning of the Ternate Kingdom’s rule, which would go on to expand its influence across Maluku and Eastern Indonesia, remaining one of the region’s most powerful and enduring kingdoms.
• 😀 The Ternate Kingdom's continued survival and strength over the centuries highlight its political and cultural significance in the wider history of the Malay Archipelago.

Q & A

What is the significance of the Sultanate of Ternate in the history of Maluku?

The Sultanate of Ternate is one of the oldest and most powerful Islamic kingdoms in Maluku, contributing significantly to the region's history and the spread of Islam in Indonesia's eastern archipelago.

What caused the mass exodus from Halmahera in 1250?

The mass exodus was caused by political conflicts between the absolute and authoritarian King of Jailolo and local political factions, leading many people from Halmahera to flee to nearby islands, including Ternate.

Why was the area near Mount Gamalama chosen for the first settlement in Ternate?

The area near Mount Gamalama was chosen for its security, allowing the settlers to escape pursuit by Jailolo's forces, as the location provided natural defenses and isolation.

Who were the first settlers in Ternate, and what did they establish?

The first settlers in Ternate were the Mito Bona community, which established the first settlement near the peak of Mount Gamalama. This marked the beginning of Ternate's establishment as a political entity.

What role did the community of Foramadiahi play in the early history of Ternate?

The community of Foramadiahi, established around 1254, played a significant role in the development of Ternate. It was led by a leader named Mati and contributed to the expansion of settlements on the island.

How did the community of Sampala differ from the others in Ternate?

Sampala, unlike the other communities, was located closer to the coast, indicating a shift in how the Ternate settlements viewed the Jailolo kingdom, as they no longer considered it an immediate threat.

What was the purpose of the 1257 conference between the Ternate communities?

The 1257 conference aimed to unite the various Ternate communities, resolve internal conflicts, and elect a single leader to consolidate power and governance over the island.

Who was chosen as the leader of the united communities of Ternate in 1257?

Chiko was chosen as the leader of the united communities in 1257. He was elected to bring together the communities of Ternate under a single ruler.

What title did Chiko adopt after being elected as the leader of Ternate?

After being elected as the leader, Chiko changed his title from 'memulai' to 'kolano,' which symbolized his authority and the beginning of a new era of leadership in Ternate.

How did Ternate expand its influence over the years?

Over time, Ternate expanded its influence across the Maluku Islands and Eastern Indonesia, growing in political power and territorial reach, establishing itself as a dominant force in the region.