Cerita Sejarah | "Berdirinya Kerajaan Ternate Dan Tidore"

Summary

This video provides a detailed historical account of the Sultanates of Ternate and Tidore, two of the oldest Islamic kingdoms in Indonesia. The script explores their foundation, political and economic significance in the Maluku Islands, and their crucial role in the global spice trade. It delves into the influence of Islam, their conflicts with Portuguese and Spanish colonizers, and their eventual decline under Dutch control. Additionally, it highlights key historical landmarks and artifacts from both kingdoms, showcasing their lasting cultural and historical legacy. The video concludes with a reflection on the continued impact of these sultanates in the region today.

Takeaways

• 😀 Ternate and Tidore were two of the oldest Islamic kingdoms in Indonesia, with Ternate founded in 1257 and Tidore in 1322.
• 😀 The Sultanate of Ternate played a significant role in the spice trade from the 13th to 17th centuries, with a focus on cloves and nutmeg.
• 😀 Ternate and Tidore were located in the strategic Maluku Islands, known as the 'Spice Islands,' attracting global traders from regions like Arabia, India, China, and later, Europe.
• 😀 Islam spread rapidly throughout Maluku, with notable figures such as Sunan Giri from Gresik helping propagate the faith.
• 😀 The region saw intense competition between Ternate and Tidore, particularly in the spice trade, leading to several alliances and conflicts.
• 😀 The Portuguese and Spanish involvement in the region played a significant role in the political dynamics, with the Portuguese supporting Ternate and the Spanish supporting Tidore.
• 😀 The Sultanates of Ternate and Tidore reached their peak power during the reigns of Sultan Baabullah of Ternate and Sultan Nuku of Tidore.
• 😀 The arrival of European powers, particularly the Dutch (VOC), eventually led to the decline of both kingdoms, as the Dutch took control of the spice trade.
• 😀 Important historical landmarks in Ternate include the Sultan's Palace, the Al-Quran manuscripts, and the Benteng Santo Paulo, built by the Portuguese.
• 😀 In Tidore, the remnants of the Kadato Ijo (Green Palace) and the historic fortresses, Tore and Tahula, stand as symbols of the kingdom's past.
• 😀 Both Ternate and Tidore's cultural and religious heritage remains visible today in monuments and traditions, with efforts to preserve them through museums and restoration projects.

Q & A

When was the Kingdom of Ternate founded and by whom?

The Kingdom of Ternate was founded in 1257 CE by Sultan Bab Mashur Malamu.

What role did the Kingdom of Ternate play in the Spice Islands during the 13th to 17th centuries?

The Kingdom of Ternate played a crucial role in the Spice Islands by being a major center for the spice trade, particularly cloves and nutmeg, which were in high demand globally.

What year was the Kingdom of Tidore established?

The Kingdom of Tidore was established in 1322 CE.

Who was the first Sultan of Tidore?

The first Sultan of Tidore was Sultan Ciri Liati, also known as Jamaludin, who ruled from 1495 to 1512.

How did the geographical location of Ternate and Tidore contribute to their significance in trade?

The geographical location of Ternate and Tidore in the Maluku Islands, situated between Sulawesi and Papua, was strategically important for global spice trade routes, making them key players in the international commerce of spices.

What were the main commodities that the Kingdoms of Ternate and Tidore traded?

The main commodities traded by the Kingdoms of Ternate and Tidore were spices, particularly cloves and nutmeg, which were highly valued in global trade.

What historical event marked the end of Portuguese influence in Ternate?

The end of Portuguese influence in Ternate was marked by the defeat of the Portuguese in 1575 by Sultan Hairun's forces, leading to the expulsion of the Portuguese from Ternate.

What were the 'Uli Lima' and 'Uli Siwa' in the context of Ternate and Tidore's rivalry?

The 'Uli Lima' and 'Uli Siwa' were trade alliances led by the Kingdoms of Ternate and Tidore, respectively. Uli Lima, led by Ternate, included Bacan, Seram, Obi, and Ambon, while Uli Siwa, led by Tidore, included regions from Halmahera to Papua.

What was the role of Sultan Baabullah in Ternate's history?

Sultan Baabullah played a pivotal role in Ternate's history by expanding the kingdom's influence, achieving its peak of power during his reign, and defeating the Portuguese in the late 16th century.

How did the arrival of the Dutch (VOC) affect the Kingdom of Ternate?

The arrival of the Dutch through the VOC marked the beginning of the decline of the Kingdom of Ternate. The VOC's superior organization and military strategies eventually led to the defeat and control of Ternate by the Dutch.

What cultural legacies remain from the Kingdoms of Ternate and Tidore?

Cultural legacies from the Kingdoms of Ternate and Tidore include architectural landmarks such as the Ternate Sultan's Palace, the Jami Mosque, and historical sites like the Benteng Toluko. These sites serve as important reminders of the kingdoms' rich Islamic and colonial past.