ALIRAN TEOLOGI DALAM ISLAM: QADARIAH DAN JABARIAH

Summary

This video explores two major theological schools of thought in Islam—Qadariyah and Jabariyah—regarding human free will. Qadariyah believes in human freedom of choice, arguing that for God to be just in rewarding or punishing individuals, humans must have free will. In contrast, Jabariyah asserts that humans lack free will, with all actions predetermined by God. The video examines Quranic verses cited by each group to support their views, discussing the philosophical implications of divine justice and predestination. The video invites viewers to reflect on these differing perspectives on human agency and divine power.

Takeaways

• 😀 **Qadariyah** is a theological school in Islam that believes humans have free will and are responsible for their actions.
• 😀 **Jabariyah**, in contrast, believes that human actions are predetermined by God, and humans have no free will.
• 😀 The **Mu'tazilah** group supports the **Qadariyah** view, arguing that God's justice requires humans to have free will to be responsible for their actions.
• 😀 According to **Qadariyah**, humans can change their circumstances, as shown in the Quranic verse: 'Inna Allah la yughyiru maa biqawmin hatta yughyiru maa bi anfusihim'.
• 😀 **Jabariyah** relies on the belief that God's will dictates all actions, supported by verses like 'Wa ma ramayta idh ramayta wa lakinna Allah harama', which suggests God controls all human actions.
• 😀 The core difference between **Qadariyah** and **Jabariyah** is the debate over free will versus predestination.
• 😀 **Qadariyah** aligns with rational thought and human agency, advocating that individuals have the freedom to make choices and change their fate.
• 😀 **Jabariyah** represents a fatalistic view, where humans are compared to water flowing in a river, with no control over their actions.
• 😀 The video encourages viewers to reflect on which theological perspective resonates more with their beliefs—whether they believe in free will, predestination, or a combination of both.
• 😀 Both **Qadariyah** and **Jabariyah** have scriptural support from the Quran, with each group interpreting different verses to justify their positions on human free will and divine predestination.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the video?

The video discusses two theological schools of thought in Islam: Qadariyah and Jabariyah, which focus on the concept of free will and divine predestination.

What does the Qadariyah school believe regarding human free will?

The Qadariyah school believes that humans have free will and are fully responsible for their actions. They argue that God grants humans the freedom to choose and act in their lives.

What is the philosophical argument presented by Mu'tazilah in support of Qadariyah?

Mu'tazilah argues that for God to be just in rewarding or punishing individuals, humans must have free will. Without free will, God's justice would be questionable, as it would imply that God is punishing or rewarding people for actions they had no control over.

How does the Jabariyah school view human free will?

The Jabariyah school believes that humans do not have free will. They assert that everything, including human actions, is determined by God's will, and humans simply follow a predestined path.

How does the Jabariyah school explain human actions?

According to Jabariyah, all human actions, whether good or bad, are the result of God's will. Humans are seen as instruments through which God's will is carried out.

What analogy does the Jabariyah school use to explain human existence?

The Jabariyah school uses the analogy of a river to describe human life. Just as water flows according to the river's course, humans live their lives following the path that has been predetermined by God.

How do the two schools interpret the concept of divine justice?

Qadariyah argues that divine justice requires human free will, as God must reward or punish individuals based on their actions. Jabariyah, on the other hand, believes that since everything is determined by God, divine justice is inherent in God's will, and human accountability is less emphasized.

What Quranic verses support the Qadariyah view of free will?

The Qadariyah school refers to the verse 'Indeed, Allah does not change the condition of a people until they change what is in themselves' (Quran 13:11) as evidence that humans have the ability to change their fate through their actions.

What Quranic verses support the Jabariyah view of predestination?

Jabariyah refers to verses like 'And you did not throw when you threw, but it was Allah who threw' (Quran 8:17) to argue that humans are merely vessels for God's will, and all actions, including human actions, are predetermined by God.

Can someone believe in both Qadariyah and Jabariyah at the same time?

While the two schools represent opposing views on human free will, individuals may interpret or blend aspects of both teachings based on personal beliefs, but traditionally, they are seen as mutually exclusive.