Media Ajarku: Instalasi Debian 12 CLI

Summary

This tutorial provides a step-by-step guide on installing Debian 12 using VirtualBox. The process starts with creating a new virtual machine, configuring basic settings like RAM and disk space, and choosing the installation type. It then covers the installation of the Debian system, from setting up partitions (swap and root) to configuring the hostname, domain, and user credentials. The script also walks through the software installation process, configuring the package manager, and setting up the bootloader. Finally, it demonstrates logging into the system and completing the Debian installation, ensuring users can successfully access the root admin interface.

Takeaways

• 😀 Create a new virtual machine in VirtualBox and name it 'Debian'.
• 😀 Select the Debian 12 ISO file during the setup process.
• 😀 Configure the virtual machine with 2GB of RAM, 1 CPU core, and 20GB of storage.
• 😀 Start the virtual machine to begin the installation process.
• 😀 Choose 'Graphical Install' or 'Install' depending on your preference.
• 😀 Select language (English), region (Asia), and country (Indonesia) during installation setup.
• 😀 Set the hostname as 'Debian' and define a domain name (e.g., li.my.id).
• 😀 Create a root password and a user account with a username and password.
• 😀 Use manual partitioning to set up swap (4GB) and root (/) partitions.
• 😀 Skip scanning additional DVDs and mirrors during package manager configuration.
• 😀 Choose 'Standard system utilities' for software installation and complete the setup.
• 😀 Install the bootloader and select the primary disk (e.g., 'Dev SDA').
• 😀 After installation, restart the virtual machine and select Debian Linux from the boot menu.
• 😀 Log in with the user credentials and switch to the root user using 'su' for administrative tasks.

Q & A

What is the first step in installing Debian 12 on VirtualBox?

The first step is to open VirtualBox and create a new virtual machine, naming it 'Debian'. You then need to choose the correct operating system version (Debian) and select the appropriate ISO file for installation.

How much RAM and CPU should be allocated for the Debian 12 VM in VirtualBox?

The recommended allocation is 2GB of RAM and 1 CPU core for the Debian 12 virtual machine.

What is the recommended disk space to be allocated for the Debian 12 installation?

A virtual hard disk of 20GB is recommended for the Debian 12 installation.

Which installation method is chosen for Debian 12 during the setup process?

The installation method selected is the 'Install' option with the graphical installer.

What language and region settings are selected during the Debian 12 installation?

During the installation, 'English' is selected as the language, 'Asia' as the region, and 'Indonesia' as the country. For keymap, 'American English' is chosen.

What should be entered for the hostname and domain name in the Debian installation process?

For the hostname, 'Debian' is set, and for the domain name, a custom domain (e.g., 'li.my.id') can be entered, or it can be left blank.

How are user accounts configured during the Debian 12 installation?

During the installation, a root password is created for administrative access, and a regular user account with a full name (e.g., 'Yansah') and a username (e.g., 'yar') is also set up.

How is disk partitioning done for Debian 12 during installation?

Disk partitioning is done manually. Two partitions are created: one for swap (4GB) and one for the root partition ('/'). The partitions are set as primary and confirmed during the process.

What should be selected regarding package installation during the Debian 12 setup?

For a minimal installation, only the 'Standard system utilities' package is selected. Additional packages and mirrors can be configured if needed.

What is the role of GRUB in the Debian 12 installation process?

GRUB is the bootloader installed during the Debian setup process. It is necessary to install GRUB on the main drive (e.g., /dev/sda) to allow the system to boot correctly after installation.

What happens after the installation is complete and the system is rebooted?

After the installation, the system prompts for a reboot. During boot, you select 'Debian' from the boot menu, log in with the created username and password, and gain root access using the 'su' command with the root password.