Why Interest Rates Won't Crash Any Time Soon... Revealed!

Bullish Bounce
6 May 202407:25

Summary

TLDR视频讨论了2024年利率展望的两个主要更新。首先,美国经济的近期疲软导致利率下降,这主要是由于美元走弱和美国就业增长低于预期。其次,美国国债的主要买家在市场上采取了相互矛盾的行动,包括美联储的资产负债表增加导致利率上升,而美国财政部的储蓄账户(TGA)的储蓄减少则有助于降低利率。尽管有关乌克兰战争和对俄罗斯、中国和伊朗的制裁可能导致外国持有者减少持有美国国债的传言,但外国持有者持有的美国国债总额实际上有所增加,表明其他国家已经填补了中国的空缺。视频预测,美国国债的利率将介于3.8%至5%之间波动,因为利率过高时外国持有者会购买国债,而利率过低时中央银行等自然卖家会主导市场,推高利率。

Takeaways

  • 📉 利率对经济的各个方面有重要影响,包括消费者行为和投资回报。
  • 📈 过去几年,利率经历了剧烈波动,从3.4%的低点上升到5%的高点。
  • 💵 尽管人们可能不太关心国库券,但它们是整个经济借贷利率定价的基准。
  • 🏠 美国30年固定利率抵押贷款利率通常比10年期美国国债利率高出几个百分点。
  • 🔄 国债市场利率与实际经济之间存在反向关系,即实际经济也会影响国债市场的利率。
  • 📉 最近几周,国债利率从4.7%下降到4.5%,这在利率变动中是一个相当大的变化。
  • 🇺🇸 美国经济的近期疲软导致利率下降,这主要是因为美元走弱和就业增长低于预期。
  • 📊 失业率的上升和职位空缺的减少表明美国经济的健康状况有所减弱。
  • 🔍 经济疲软导致对国债市场的安全购买增加,从而压低了利率。
  • 🏦 美联储的资产负债表增加对国债构成卖压,推高了利率。
  • 💰 财政部的储蓄账户(TGA)通过增加储蓄再减少,对国债市场产生了买压,导致利率下降。
  • 🌍 尽管有关乌克兰战争和对俄中伊制裁的传言,但外国持有者对美国国债的总持有量实际上增加了。
  • 📊 中国减少了对美国国债的持有量,但其他国家增加了购买,抵消了这一影响。
  • 🔄 利率预计会在3.8%到5%之间波动,高利率时外国买家会介入购买,低利率时则减少购买。

Q & A

  • 利率是如何影响经济的?

    -利率影响经济的方方面面,包括消费者行为、投资回报等。国债的利率是整个经济借贷成本的基准,影响着包括30年固定抵押贷款利率在内的整个经济。

  • 近年来利率波动的幅度是怎样的?

    -近年来,利率经历了剧烈波动,从最低的3.4%上升到高达5%。

  • 为什么人们应该关心国债债券?

    -尽管人们可能不关心国债债券,但他们应该关心,因为国债利率是整个经济借贷成本的基准,对经济有着直接的影响。

  • 最近几周美国国债利率的变化是怎样的?

    -最近几周,美国国债利率从4.7%下降到了4.5%,尽管听起来变化不大,但在利率方面这是一个相当大的变化。

  • 国债利率和国债价格之间存在什么关系?

    -国债利率和国债价格之间存在反向关系。当国债价格上升时,利率下降,反之亦然。

  • 美国经济的哪些变化导致了利率的下降?

    -美国经济的近期疲软导致了利率的下降,主要表现在美元的弱势以及美国国债作为安全资产的购买增加。

  • 美国的就业情况如何影响国债市场?

    -美国的就业增长低于预期,失业率上升,这表明经济的疲软,导致投资者出于安全考虑购买美国国债,从而推高了国债价格,降低了利率。

  • 美国国债市场的外国持有者情况如何?

    -尽管有关战争和制裁导致外国持有者减少的传言,但实际上外国持有者的总余额从7.2万亿美元增加到了8万亿美元。特别是中国,作为最大的债券持有国,其持有量从超过1万亿美元减少到了7750亿美元。

  • 为什么美国中央银行的资产负债表对国债市场有影响?

    -美国中央银行的资产负债表增加对国债市场构成了卖压,即推动利率上升,这可能会使利率保持在比应有水平更高的状态。

  • TGA(美国财政部账户)如何影响国债市场?

    -TGA作为联邦政府的储蓄账户,其存款的增减会影响国债市场的买卖压力。当TGA减少其储蓄并将其投入经济时,会增加对国债的购买压力,从而导致利率下降。

  • 未来美国国债利率的趋势是怎样的?

    -预计美国国债利率将介于3.8%至5%之间。当利率过高时,外国购买者会介入购买国债,导致利率下降;而当利率过低时,外国买家会退出市场,其他卖家如中央银行会主导市场,使利率上升。

Outlines

00:00

📉 美国经济疲软导致利率下降

第一段主要讨论了利率对经济的影响,包括消费者行为和投资回报。近年来,利率经历了从3.4%到5%的剧烈波动。国债利率是整个经济借贷成本的基准,影响着诸如30年固定抵押贷款利率等。最近几周,国债利率从4.7%下降到4.5%,这一变化虽小,但在利率方面却相当显著。利率下降是由于国债价格上涨,人们愿意支付更高的价格购买国债,反映出对美国经济的担忧。美国经济的疲软主要基于两个事实:美元的弱势和美国国债的净卖出,以及美国就业增长低于预期,失业率上升,职位空缺减少。这些因素导致人们出于安全考虑购买国债,而不是因为对美国经济的信心。

05:01

🔄 利率市场的主要买家行为分析

第二段讨论了影响国债市场的三个主要因素。首先,美联储的资产负债表对国债施加了卖出压力,导致利率上升。其次,美国财政部的财政账户(TGA)作为政府的储蓄账户,其余额的增减会影响国债市场的买卖压力。近期,政府在TGA账户中积累了大量资金,然后逐渐将其投入经济,导致国债市场的买入压力增加,预计这会使利率下降。最后,尽管有关乌克兰战争和对俄中伊制裁导致外国持有者出售国债的传言,但实际上外国持有者对国债的总持有量从7.2万亿美元增加到了8万亿美元。特别是中国减持了国债,但其他外国买家接手了中国的份额,积极购买国债。综合这些因素,预计利率将在3.8%至5%之间波动,外国买家在利率过高时会介入购买,而在利率过低时则会退出,导致利率上升。

Mindmap

Keywords

💡利率

利率是指借贷资金的成本,它影响着经济中的多个方面,从消费者行为到投资回报。在视频中,利率的变化被用来分析美国经济的强弱。利率的上升或下降会影响国债债券的价格,进而影响整个经济的借贷成本。

💡国债债券

国债债券是政府为了筹集资金而发行的债务工具,投资者购买国债可以获得固定的利息收入。视频中提到,国债债券的利率是整个经济借贷成本的基准,与美国30年固定抵押贷款利率直接相关。

💡美国经济

美国经济的状况会直接影响到国债债券的吸引力和利率。视频中提到,美国经济的疲软导致了国债债券的利率下降,因为投资者将国债视为安全的投资选择。

💡美元走强

美元走强通常意味着美元相对于其他货币的价值上升。视频中提到,美元的近期走弱表明投资者正在卖出以美元计价的资产,转而购买其他货币计价的资产,这通常反映了美国相对于全球其他地区的经济弱势。

💡就业数据

就业数据是衡量经济健康的重要指标之一。视频中提到,美国的就业增长低于预期,失业率有所上升,这些数据表明美国经济的就业市场和整体经济状况正在减弱。

💡工作机会

工作机会的数量可以反映一个国家就业市场的活力。视频中提到,美国的工作机会数量从11百万下降到8.4百万,这表明在过去18个月里,就业市场的健康状况有所下降。

💡外国持有者

外国持有者是指那些持有美国国债的非美国投资者或政府。视频中提到,尽管有关乌克兰战争和对俄中伊制裁的传言,但外国持有者并没有大规模卖出美国国债,反而总持有量有所增加,表明外国投资者对美国国债的需求依然强劲。

💡TGA(财政部一般账户)

TGA是联邦政府的储蓄账户,政府通过这个账户进行日常支出。视频中提到,财政部在TGA中积累的资金会影响国债市场,因为当政府减少储蓄并将其投入经济时,会对国债市场产生购买压力,从而可能导致利率下降。

💡中央银行

中央银行在国债市场中扮演重要角色,其资产负债表的变化会影响国债的供需和利率。视频中提到,美国中央银行的资产负债表增加对国债市场产生了卖出压力,这可能会导致利率上升。

💡利率倒挂

利率倒挂是指短期债券的利率高于长期债券的利率,这通常被视为经济衰退的信号。虽然视频中没有直接提到利率倒挂,但提到了利率的变化,这可以联系到利率倒挂的概念。

💡市场预期

市场预期是指市场参与者对未来经济状况的预测和看法。视频中提到,市场预期的就业增长与实际数据不符,这种预期与现实的差距影响了投资者对国债市场的看法,进而影响了利率。

Highlights

利率对经济的各个方面都有影响,从消费者行为到投资回报。

过去几年,利率经历了从3.4%到5%的剧烈波动。

尽管人们可能不关心国债券,但它们是整个经济借贷利率的基准。

美国30年固定抵押贷款利率通常比10年期国债利率高几个百分点。

国债市场的利率直接影响实体经济,但这种关系是双向的。

最近几周,美国国债利率从4.7%下降到4.5%。

利率下降是由于人们愿意为国债支付更高的价格,反映出对美国经济的担忧。

美国经济的近期疲软导致利率下降。

美元的贬值和外国货币资产的净销售表明美国相对于其他国家的经济弱势。

美国就业增长低于预期,失业率上升,显示就业市场和经济健康状况减弱。

美国财政部的TGA账户作为联邦政府的储蓄账户,其变动对国债市场有显著影响。

TGA账户的储蓄增加导致国债市场的净购买压力,可能会降低利率。

尽管有关乌克兰战争和对俄中伊制裁的传言,外国持有者并未大规模抛售美国国债。

中国减持了美国国债,但其他外国持有者增加了购买,总持有量增加。

预计美国国债利率将介于3.8%至5%之间波动。

当利率过高时,外国购买者会介入购买国债,降低利率;当利率过低时,外国购买者会减少购买,中央银行等卖家将主导市场,推高利率。

过去两年美国国债市场出现了横向交易的趋势。

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Transcripts

play00:00

interest rates govern everything in the

play00:01

economy from consumer behavior all the

play00:04

way through to Returns on investments in

play00:07

today's video I'm going through two

play00:09

major updates to the interest rate

play00:12

outlook for 2024 throughout the last few

play00:15

years we've seen some violent swings in

play00:17

interest rates all the way from minimums

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of

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3.4% up to as high as 5% now everyday

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people might not care at all about

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treasury bonds but they absolutely

play00:28

should cuz that is really The Benchmark

play00:31

that prices borrowing rates throughout

play00:33

the entire economy all you have to do is

play00:35

look at this us 30-year fix rate

play00:38

mortgage rate that's in the blue color

play00:40

and you can see that's always a few

play00:42

whole percentage points above whatever

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the US 10year rate is so there we have

play00:46

it the interest rates on the treasury

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bond market directly govern what happens

play00:50

to the real economy but that

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relationship is by directional in other

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words the real economy also has an

play00:57

effect on the interest rates of the bond

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market now I'm just going to highlight

play01:01

here what's happened to the interest

play01:03

rate on Treasury Bonds in the last few

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weeks we've seen them drop from

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4.7% down to

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4.5% that might not sound like a massive

play01:12

change however in terms of interest

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rates that's actually quite a decent one

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and to interpret what that means for the

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US economy we need to keep in mind that

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there is an inverse relationship between

play01:23

the treasury bond interest rate and

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their prices that recent drop in

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interest rates is due to a increase in

play01:28

the price people are willing to pay for

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treasury bonds and now that we've got a

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lay of the land of interest rates I want

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to pose the first major update here in

play01:37

this video and that is a recent weakness

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in the US economy is leading to lower

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interest rates the reason why I've made

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this conclusion is mainly due to two

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major facts and that is we've seen a

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recent drop in the US dollar strength so

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that means there's been a net selling of

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us denominated assets for foreign

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currency denominated assets people have

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sold the US dollar for things like maybe

play02:00

the Australian dollar or the Euro

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usually that means there's relative

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economic weakness in America versus

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other places around the world so people

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are not buying these treasury bonds

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because they see the US government as

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strong the US country as growing

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stronger in the economy they're actually

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buying US Treasury bonds for a safety

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play and I've got some other data to

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back this up on Friday last week we had

play02:24

the recent jobs update for America and

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we saw that job gains in the United

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States came in at

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175,000 jobs whereas the expected

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forecast was

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238,000 that's a Miss of

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26.5% against expectations this directly

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led to the unemployment rate in the

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United States increasing to

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3.9% whereas a few months ago we were

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looking at unemployment of about 3.5%

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and to finish off that data set we've

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got the job openings number this chart

play02:55

here is showing how many open jobs there

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are in America currently sitting at a

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about 8.4 million however in the last

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really 18 months we've seen the job

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openings numbers drop from about 11

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million all the way down to this 8.4

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million suggesting the jobs Market the

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health of the economy has weakened over

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that time so to summarize the first

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major point in this video that economic

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weakness is leading to a drop in

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interest rates because there's safety

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buying into the treasury bond market

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however this shouldn't really be cheered

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for the amount of economic weakness for

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to see interest rate drops for example

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in that us 30-year fixed rate mortgage

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back to 3% that massive drop in interest

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rates would have to have again a massive

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amount of weakness in the economy it's

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kind of like saying I want to lose my

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nice full-paying job so I can get

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unemployment benefits it just doesn't

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make any sense to go through that pain

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the second update I'm going to make in

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this video is the major buyers of US

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Treasury bonds the Wales in the market

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are making conflicting moves first up

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I've got the us Central bank's balance

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sheet and this is overall adding selling

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pressure to treasury bonds or in other

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words driving interest rates higher and

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that's going to keep interest rates

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elevated above what they really should

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be the second major influence on the

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treasury bond market here is the TGA or

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the treasury governance account and this

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is really the savings account of the

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federal government this is how they

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spend their everyday money lately the

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federal treasury has gotten into the

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habit of saving up around 500 billion to

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a trillion US dollar in this savings

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account and then they over time Whittle

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it down spend that savings money into

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the economy and they repeat that cycle

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at this rate about every 2 years in

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other words what you see here is almost

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a trillion us borrowed from investors

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the US people foreign governments

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they've borrowed an extra trillion US

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dollar than what they really required in

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the last 18 months and every dollar the

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US government has to borrow is another

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dollar worth of US Treasury bonds that

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need to get sold off into the market in

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other words we've just finished $1

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trillion worth of selling pressure for

play05:06

the US treasury bond market and

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therefore the effect of the TGA is that

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we're going to have net buying pressure

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relative to the last 18 months in other

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words interest rates should go lower and

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lastly we have the balance of the

play05:19

foreign ownership of Treasury bonds

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there was a lot of rumors circulating

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that the war in Ukraine the sanctions on

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Russia China Iran were going to scare

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off a lot of foreign holders of trosy

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bonds and that would add a lot of

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selling pressure to the market but

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that's not actually happening we've seen

play05:36

here the balance of the foreign holders

play05:39

of bonds have increased from $7.2

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trillion all the way up to 8 trillion us

play05:45

at the last measurement but that story

play05:47

of China selling US Treasury bonds

play05:49

specifically has actually been true the

play05:52

Total Bond ownership by China has fallen

play05:54

from just over a trillion us Worth to

play05:57

only 775 billion it's been about a 25%

play06:01

drop in ownership so if the largest Bond

play06:04

holder China has aggressively sold off

play06:06

their Holdings and yet the total amount

play06:08

has increased 800 billion that just

play06:11

means all the other countries have

play06:13

picked up China's slack and been

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aggressively buying in the last 12

play06:17

months and I'm going to put all of these

play06:18

pieces together on this interest rate

play06:21

chart the way I see it I believe we're

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stuck between key interest rates of

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about 3.8% all the way to its highs of

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5% every time we see interest rates get

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too high foreign owners will step in and

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start to buy those treasury bonds

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because they're very attractive 5%

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returns in US dollars is extremely

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healthy that buying pressure actually

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drops the interest rate of those

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treasury bonds and when we get too low

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in interest rate those foreign buyers

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step away again and those other natural

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sellers in the market like the Central

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Bank start to overpower the market and

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send our interest rates higher and I

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believe that's why we've been seeing

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that sideways trading Market in treasury

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bonds for the last really 2 years all

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right guys I hope you enjoyed today's

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video if you did then why not consider

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subscribing liking the video to show

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some support if you want to support

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monetarily I've got the YouTube

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membership program it's only priced at

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$1 a month that's just a way to give

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back to the channel that'd be fully

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appreciated thanks for your time today

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guys see you next time bye

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