Sejarah PAN Islamisme | Pengaruhnya Bagi Indonesia

GeEmGe History Channel

1 Dec 202103:36

Summary

TLDRThe video script discusses the concept of Pan-Islamism, a movement that encourages unity among the global Muslim community, transcending ethnic, national, and cultural differences. It traces the historical roots of Pan-Islamism to the 20th century, highlighting the decline of Islamic nations and the influence of Western colonialism as key factors leading to its emergence. The script introduces Jamaluddin al-Afghani as a pivotal figure advocating for the unification of Muslims to confront and expel colonial powers. It also mentions the formation of the World Muslim League in 1962, supported by 43 countries, and the Organization of Islamic Conference (now known as the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation) established in 1969 in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, as significant milestones in the development of Pan-Islamism. The movement has inspired the establishment of various Islamic organizations and nationalist movements in Asia and Africa, with a particular focus on its development in Indonesia through the creation of groups like Sarekat Islam and Muhammadiyah. The summary emphasizes the importance of solidarity and the pursuit of knowledge in overcoming the challenges faced by the Muslim world.

Takeaways

🌐 **Pan-Islamism Definition**: It is a movement that calls for the unity of all Muslims worldwide, transcending ethnic, racial, and cultural differences.
🕌 **Objective of Pan-Islamism**: The goal is to unite the global Muslim community into a strong, unified entity.
📚 **Historical Context**: Pan-Islamism emerged in response to the decline of Islamic nations and Western colonialism in the 20th century.
💡 **Influence of Jamaluddin al-Afghani**: He was a key figure in promoting the idea of uniting Muslims against colonialism and advocated for a return to true Islamic teachings.
📉 **Reasons for Islamic Decline**: Factors include Muslims abandoning true Islamic teachings, a lack of moral values, weak Islamic brotherhood, and neglect of state administration and knowledge.
🔄 **Revival and Reform**: Pan-Islamism was born from the ideas of Jamaluddin al-Afghani, aiming to counteract the decline of the Islamic world through unity.
🤝 **Support and Influence**: Pan-Islamism has gained support from nearly all Islamic countries and intellectuals throughout the 19th and 20th centuries.
💼 **Organizational Development**: Efforts inspired by Pan-Islamism led to the formation of the World Muslim League in 1962, supported by 43 countries.
🏢 **Establishment of the OIC**: The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) was established on September 25, 1969, in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, as a platform to fulfill Pan-Islamic aspirations.
📈 **Inspiration for Nationalism**: Pan-Islamism has inspired the birth of many Islamic countries and nationalist movements in Asia and Africa.
🇮🇩 **Development in Indonesia**: In Indonesia, Pan-Islamism has led to the creation of several Islamic organizations such as Sarekat Islam and Muhammadiyah.

Q & A

What is the definition of Pan-Islamism according to the transcript?
-Pan-Islamism is a movement that encourages all Muslims around the world to unite, transcending ethnic, national, and cultural differences. It is a consciousness of the unity of the Islamic community, bound by the commonality of religion, thus forming a global solidarity.
What was the historical context for the rise of Pan-Islamism in the 20th century?
-The rise of Pan-Islamism was influenced by the decline of Islamic countries in comparison to Western nations, colonization by Western powers in Islamic countries, and the fragmentation of Islamic countries.
Who is Jamaluddin al-Afghani and what is his contribution to Pan-Islamism?
-Jamaluddin al-Afghani was a Muslim reformer from Egypt who had a profound understanding of Pan-Islamism. He believed in uniting Muslims worldwide to confront and expel colonizers. He identified several factors contributing to the decline of Islam, including Muslims abandoning true Islamic teachings, a lack of noble character, weakened Islamic brotherhood, and neglecting state administration and knowledge.
How did Jamaluddin al-Afghani view the impact of Western colonialism on the Islamic world?
-Jamaluddin al-Afghani considered Western colonialism as the root cause of the decline of the Islamic world. He advocated for the unity of Muslim nations to become a strong state to counteract this influence.
What has been the support base for the ideology of Pan-Islamism?
-Pan-Islamism has garnered support from nearly all Islamic countries and has been endorsed by various intellectual figures throughout the 19th and 20th centuries.
How has Pan-Islamism inspired the establishment of Islamic nations and nationalist movements?
-Pan-Islamism has inspired the birth of many Islamic nations and nationalist movements in Asia and Africa, contributing to the development of a collective Muslim identity and political awareness.
What was the significance of the establishment of the World Muslim League in 1962?
-The World Muslim League, supported by 43 countries, was a significant step towards the realization of Pan-Islamism. It aimed to foster cooperation and solidarity among Muslim nations.
When and where was the Organisation of Islamic Conference established, and what was its purpose?
-The Organisation of Islamic Conference was established on September 25, 1969, in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. It was seen as an effort to encapsulate the aspirations of Pan-Islamism, formed through the collaboration of Islamic governments.
How has Pan-Islamism developed in Indonesia, and what organizations were born from this development?
-In Indonesia, Pan-Islamism has developed by giving rise to several Islamic organizations such as Sarekat Islam and Muhammadiyah, among others, which have contributed to the country's Islamic awakening.
What is the overarching goal of Pan-Islamism?
-The overarching goal of Pan-Islamism is to unite the global Muslim community into a cohesive force that can address common challenges and promote the shared interests of Muslims worldwide.
What are some of the factors that Jamaluddin al-Afghani identified as contributing to the decline of the Islamic world?
-Jamaluddin al-Afghani identified factors such as Muslims abandoning true Islamic teachings, a strong adherence to taqlid (blind following), a departure from noble ethics, weakened Islamic brotherhood, delegating state administration to the unqualified, and neglecting knowledge as contributors to the decline.
How does the transcript describe the importance of unity within the Islamic community?
-The transcript emphasizes the importance of unity within the Islamic community by highlighting that it is a means to confront and overcome external challenges, such as colonization, and to foster a strong and supportive global Muslim identity.

Outlines

00:00

🌐 Introduction to Pan-Islamism

Pan-Islamism is presented as a movement that encourages unity among all Muslims worldwide, transcending ethnic, national, and cultural differences. The concept is rooted in the awareness of the Islamic community's unity, bound by a shared religion, to form a global solidarity. The goal is to unite Muslims in a way that allows them to confront and repel colonialism and Western influence, which is seen as a cause of decline in Islamic nations. Jamaluddin al-Afghani, an Islamic reformer, is highlighted for his role in promoting the idea of uniting Muslims globally. Factors contributing to the decline of Islam are also discussed, such as Muslims abandoning true Islamic teachings, weakening of Islamic brotherhood, and neglect of administrative affairs and knowledge.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Pan-Islamism

Pan-Islamism is a movement that calls for all Muslims around the world to unite, transcending ethnic, national, and cultural differences. It is based on the awareness of the unity of the Islamic community, bound by their shared religion, forming a global solidarity. In the video, it is presented as a response to the decline of Islamic countries in the 20th century and the influence of Western colonialism. Pan-Islamism is central to the theme of unity and revival of the Islamic world.

💡Solidarity

Solidarity, in the context of the video, refers to the unity and mutual support among the global Muslim community. It is a key concept in Pan-Islamism, emphasizing the importance of collective action and mutual aid among Muslims worldwide. The video discusses how Pan-Islamism aims to foster this solidarity to counteract the fragmentation and decline faced by Islamic countries.

💡Jamaluddin al-Afghani

Jamaluddin al-Afghani was a prominent Islamic reformer from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He is mentioned in the video as a figure who had a profound understanding of Pan-Islamism and advocated for the unification of Muslims worldwide to confront and expel colonial powers. His ideas significantly influenced the development of Pan-Islamism and the efforts to unite the Islamic world.

💡Colonialism

Colonialism is the policy or practice of acquiring full or partial control over the territory, resources, and people of another country, often for economic gain. In the video, it is identified as a primary cause of the decline of Islamic countries, with Western colonial powers exerting influence and control over Islamic nations. Pan-Islamism emerged as a movement to counteract the effects of colonialism and to regain sovereignty and strength.

💡Islamic Decline

The term 'Islamic Decline' in the video refers to the perceived weakening of Islamic countries in the face of Western colonialism and internal divisions. It is characterized by the abandonment of true Islamic teachings, a lack of moral values, weakened Islamic brotherhood, and the relinquishment of state administration to non-experts. Pan-Islamism is presented as a solution to this decline by promoting unity and a return to the core principles of Islam.

💡Taqlid

Taqlid is the Arabic term for 'blind imitation' or 'following tradition without questioning.' In the video, it is criticized as one of the factors contributing to the decline of the Islamic world, as Muslims are said to have abandoned the true teachings of Islam in favor of following traditions without understanding or questioning them.

💡Islamic Conference

The Islamic Conference, now known as the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), is an international organization founded in 1969. It is mentioned in the video as a significant development in the history of Pan-Islamism, representing the aspirations of the movement by fostering cooperation and unity among Islamic countries. The OIC is seen as a platform for collective action and solidarity among Muslim nations.

💡League of Nations

The League of Nations was an international organization founded after World War I with the aim of maintaining world peace. Although not explicitly mentioned in the video, the reference to the 'League of Nations' could be a historical analogy to the formation of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), which serves a similar purpose of fostering international cooperation among its member states.

💡Sarekat Islam

Sarekat Islam was an early 20th-century political and social organization in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) that sought to represent the interests of the Indonesian Muslim community. In the video, it is highlighted as one of the organizations that emerged in Indonesia as part of the Pan-Islamist movement, contributing to the broader efforts of Islamic unity and revival.

💡Muhammadiyah

Muhammadiyah is a major Islamic organization in Indonesia that was established in 1912. It focuses on education, social welfare, and the propagation of Islamic teachings. The video mentions Muhammadiyah as one of the Islamic organizations that contributed to the development of Pan-Islamism in Indonesia, reflecting the movement's emphasis on education and moral values.

💡Nahdatul Ulama

Nahdatul Ulama, or the 'Awakening of the Ulama,' is the largest independent Islamic organization in Indonesia, founded in 1926. It plays a significant role in promoting Islamic education and values. The video identifies Nahdatul Ulama as another key organization that has contributed to the Pan-Islamist movement in Indonesia, furthering the cause of Islamic unity and the revival of Islamic teachings.

Highlights

Panislamisme is a movement that calls for all Muslims around the world to unite, transcending ethnic, national, and cultural differences.

It is based on the awareness of the unity of the Islamic community, bound by the same religion, forming a global solidarity.

The goal of panislamisme is to unite the global Muslim community.

Panislamisme emerged in response to the decline of Islamic countries in the 20th century compared to Western nations.

The movement was influenced by the colonization and exploitation by Western powers in Islamic countries.

Jamaluddin al-Afghani is a key figure in panislamisme, advocating for the unity of the global Muslim community to confront and expel colonizers.

Jamaluddin al-Afghani identified several factors leading to the decline of Islam, including the abandonment of true Islamic teachings and reliance on taqlid (imitation).

He emphasized the importance of Islamic brotherhood and the neglect of administrative matters by non-experts.

Panislamisme was born from Jamaluddin al-Afghani's idea to counteract the decline of the Islamic community due to Western colonialism.

The ideology of panislamisme has gained support from almost all Islamic countries and intellectual figures from the 19th to the 20th century.

Panislamisme has inspired the birth of many Islamic countries and nationalist movements in Asia and Africa.

Efforts and ideas of panislamisme led to the formation of the World Muslim League in 1962, supported by 43 countries.

The Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC) was established on September 25, 1969, in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, as an effort to embody the aspirations of panislamisme.

The OIC is seen as a platform for cooperation among Islamic countries and is considered a development of pan-Islamism.

In Indonesia, panislamisme has developed by giving rise to several Islamic organizations such as Sarekat Islam and Muhammadiyah.

Panislamisme has had a significant impact on the formation of various Islamic movements and national aspirations in the region.