Što je virtualizacija

Summary

Kaye Bovie from IBM Cloud discusses virtualization, a technology that remains crucial for cloud computing. Virtualization involves creating virtual versions of compute, storage, and networking resources using a hypervisor. There are two types: Type 1 (bare metal) for direct installation on servers and Type 2 (hosted) that requires a host OS. Virtual Machines (VMs) are independent software-based computers that run on hypervisors, allowing for cost savings, increased agility, and reduced downtime by easily moving VMs between hypervisors.

Takeaways

• 🌐 **Virtualization Defined**: Virtualization is creating a software-based or virtual version of resources like compute, storage, networking, servers, or applications.
• 🛠️ **Role of Hypervisor**: The hypervisor is essential software that runs above the physical server, pulling resources from it and allocating them to virtual environments.
• 💻 **Type 1 Hypervisor**: Type 1 hypervisors, or bare-metal hypervisors, are installed directly on the physical server and are known for their security and low latency.
• 🖥️ **Type 2 Hypervisor**: Type 2 hypervisors, or hosted hypervisors, sit on top of a host OS and are used mostly for end-user virtualization with higher latency.
• 🔑 **Examples of Hypervisors**: Examples include VMware ESXi, Microsoft Hyper-V, and open-source KVM for Type 1, and Oracle VirtualBox or VMWare Workstation for Type 2.
• 📦 **Virtual Machines (VMs)**: VMs are software-based computers that run like physical ones, complete with their own OS and applications, and are independent of one another.
• 🔄 **Portability of VMs**: VMs can be moved almost instantaneously from one hypervisor to another, providing flexibility and ease of portability.
• 💹 **Cost Savings**: Virtualization allows for running multiple virtual environments from one piece of infrastructure, reducing the physical infrastructure footprint and saving costs.
• ⏱️ **Agility and Speed**: Virtual machines can be spun up quickly, providing agility and speeding up processes like development and testing.
• 🛡️ **Reduced Downtime**: The ability to move VMs to another hypervisor in case of host failure ensures minimal downtime and a robust backup plan.

Q & A

What is virtualization?

Virtualization is the process of creating a software-based or virtual version of something, such as compute, storage, networking, servers, or applications.

What role does a hypervisor play in virtualization?

A hypervisor is a piece of software that runs above the physical server or host, pulling resources from the physical server and allocating them to virtual environments.

What are the two main types of hypervisors mentioned in the script?

The two main types of hypervisors are Type 1 (also known as bare-metal hypervisors) and Type 2 (also known as hosted hypervisors).

What is a Type 1 hypervisor and why is it considered more secure?

A Type 1 hypervisor is installed directly on top of the physical server without any host operating system in between. It is considered more secure and has lower latency, making it the most frequently used type in the market.

Give some examples of Type 1 hypervisors.

Examples of Type 1 hypervisors include VMware ESXi, Microsoft Hyper-V, and open-source KVM.

How does a Type 2 hypervisor differ from a Type 1 hypervisor?

A Type 2 hypervisor has a layer of host OS that sits between the physical server and the hypervisor, making it less frequent and having higher latency compared to Type 1.

What are some examples of Type 2 hypervisors?

Examples of Type 2 hypervisors include Oracle VirtualBox and VMware Workstation.

What is a VM and how does it relate to virtualization?

A VM (virtual machine) is a software-based computer that runs like a physical computer, complete with an operating system and applications. It is independent and can run on a hypervisor, which manages the resources allocated to it.

Why are virtual machines considered portable?

Virtual machines are portable because they can be moved from one hypervisor to another on a different machine almost instantaneously, providing flexibility and portability within the environment.

What are the key benefits of virtualization mentioned in the script?

The key benefits of virtualization include cost savings through reduced physical infrastructure, agility and speed in spinning up virtual machines, and lower downtime due to the ability to quickly move VMs to another hypervisor in case of host failure.

How does virtualization contribute to a cloud computing strategy?

Virtualization contributes to a cloud computing strategy by providing a foundation for building scalable, flexible, and efficient infrastructure that can support various applications and services in the cloud.

Outlines

00:00

🖥️ Virtualization and Hypervisors

Kaye Bovie from IBM Cloud introduces virtualization as a foundational technology for cloud computing. Virtualization involves creating a software-based version of resources like compute, storage, networking, servers, or applications. The key component enabling virtualization is the hypervisor, which runs above the physical server to allocate resources to virtual environments. Hypervisors are categorized into two types: Type 1 (bare metal) and Type 2 (hosted). Type 1 hypervisors, such as VMware ESXi and Microsoft Hyper-V, are installed directly on the physical server and are known for their security and low latency. Type 2 hypervisors, like Oracle VirtualBox, sit on top of a host OS and are less common with higher latency. The script explains how virtualization allows for the creation of independent virtual machines (VMs) that can run different operating systems and are portable across different hypervisors.

05:02

💡 Benefits of Virtualization

The script highlights the critical benefits of virtualization in cloud computing. These include cost savings due to reduced physical infrastructure needs, increased agility and speed in provisioning new environments, and lower downtime with the ability to quickly move VMs to different hypervisors in case of host failure. Despite being a mature technology, virtualization remains essential for modern cloud strategies.

Keywords

💡Virtualization

Virtualization is the process of creating a software-based or virtual version of something, such as compute, storage, networking, servers, or applications. It's central to the video's theme as it forms the basis for the discussion on cloud computing strategy. The script mentions that virtualization allows for the creation of multiple virtual environments from a single piece of infrastructure, which is key to understanding its role in modern computing.

💡Hypervisor

A hypervisor is a piece of software that runs above the physical server or host and manages the allocation of resources to virtual environments. It's crucial to the video's narrative as it's what makes virtualization feasible. The script distinguishes between two types of hypervisors, Type 1 and Type 2, and explains their roles in virtual environments.

💡Type 1 Hypervisor

Type 1 hypervisor, also known as a bare-metal hypervisor, is installed directly on the physical server. The video emphasizes that these are the most frequently used and secure hypervisors, which lower latency. Examples given in the script include VMware ESXi, Microsoft Hyper-V, and open-source KVM.

💡Type 2 Hypervisor

Type 2 hypervisor, also called a hosted hypervisor, has a layer of host OS between the physical server and the hypervisor. The script points out that these are less frequent and have higher latency compared to Type 1. Examples mentioned are Oracle VirtualBox and VMware Workstation.

💡Virtual Machine (VM)

A Virtual Machine (VM) is a software-based computer that runs like a physical computer, complete with an operating system and applications. The video highlights VMs as the end product of virtualization, where multiple VMs can run on a single hypervisor, allowing for flexibility and portability. The script uses VMs to illustrate how different operating systems can be run independently on the same physical infrastructure.

💡Portability

Portability in the context of the video refers to the ability to move a virtual machine from one hypervisor to another almost instantaneously. This is highlighted as a key benefit of virtualization, providing flexibility in managing computing resources.

💡Cost Savings

Cost savings is one of the key benefits of virtualization discussed in the video. By running multiple virtual environments from one piece of infrastructure, physical infrastructure footprint is reduced, leading to savings in electricity, maintenance costs, and ultimately the bottom line.

💡Agility and Speed

Agility and speed are highlighted as benefits of virtualization because spinning up a virtual machine is relatively easy and quick compared to provisioning an entirely new environment. This is particularly beneficial for developers who need to run different test scenarios.

💡Downtime

Downtime refers to the period when a system is not operational. The video explains how virtualization can lower downtime by allowing virtual machines to be moved quickly to another hypervisor on a different physical server if the host goes down unexpectedly, ensuring business continuity.

💡Cloud Computing Strategy

Cloud computing strategy is the overarching theme of the video, where virtualization plays a critical role. The script discusses how understanding virtualization is essential for building a robust cloud computing strategy, emphasizing its relevance despite being a few decades old.

💡Consolidation

Consolidation in the video refers to the practice of combining multiple systems or applications into one. It's a core benefit of virtualization, where multiple virtual environments can be run from a single piece of infrastructure, reducing the need to maintain many physical servers.

Highlights

Virtualization is a crucial component of cloud computing strategy.

Virtualization creates a software-based version of compute, storage, networking, servers, or applications.

A hypervisor is essential for virtualization, running above the physical server.

Type 1 hypervisors, or bare metal hypervisors, are installed directly on the physical server and are the most secure with lower latency.

Examples of Type 1 hypervisors include VMware ESXi, Microsoft Hyper-V, and open-source KVM.

Type 2 hypervisors sit on top of a host OS, making them less secure and with higher latency.

Type 2 hypervisors are mostly used for end-user virtualization.

Virtual machines (VMs) are software-based computers that run like physical computers with an OS and applications.

VMs are independent and can run different operating systems.

VMs are portable and can be moved between hypervisors almost instantaneously.

Virtualization allows for cost savings by reducing the physical infrastructure footprint.

Agility and speed are benefits of virtualization, simplifying the process of spinning up new environments.

Virtualization lowers downtime by allowing quick VM relocation in case of host failure.

Virtualization is a technology decades old but still critical for understanding cloud computing.

Transcripts

hi my name is Kaye bovie with the IBM

Cloud team and today we're going to be

talking about virtualization as you know

virtualization is a fairly old

technology but it's still super relevant

to building our cloud computing strategy

today so first off what is

virtualization simply put virtualization

is the process of creating a

software-based or virtual version of

something whether that be compute

storage networking servers or

applications and what makes

virtualization feasible is something

called the hypervisor so we're going to

write that

here and what a hypervisor is is it

simply a piece of software that runs

above the physical server or host and

there are a couple different types of

hypervisors out there um and what they

do is essentially pull the resources

from the physical server and allocate

them to your virtual environments there

are two main types of hypervisors out

there one being type one very simple to

remember and two you guessed it type

two so let's start with type

one a type one

hypervisor is a hypervisor that is

installed directly on top of the

physical server they're also called bare

metal hypervisors so we'll write that up

here just so you can

remember um these are um the most

frequently typed of used hypervisors and

they're most secure they lower the

latency

and these are the ones that you'll see

in the market the most some examples

would be VMware esxi or Microsoft hyperv

or even op Source

KVM the other type of hypervisor is a

type 2 hypervisor over

here um and what makes these different

is that there is a layer of host OS that

sits between the physical server and the

hypervisor so by that nature they are

also called hosted

these are a lot less frequent um they're

mostly used for end user

virtualization and you might see some in

the market that are called like um

Oracle virtual box or vmw workstation um

again they're a lot less frequent

they're a bit more um they have a higher

latency than a type 1

hypervisor so once you have your

hypervisor installed you can build

virtual environments or virtual machines

or simply put

VMS so let's spin up some

environments so what makes a VM a VM a

VM is

simply a software-based computer they

run like a physical computer they have

an operating system and applications um

and they're completely independent of

one another but you can run multiple of

them on a hypervisor and the hypervisor

manages the resources that are allocated

to these virtual environments from the

physical server

so because they're independent you can

run different operating systems systems

on different virtual machines so you

could run Windows here or Linux here or

Unix here for example and because

they're independent they're also

extremely portable you can move a

virtual machine from one hypervisor to

another hypervisor on a completely

different machine um almost

instantaneously um which gives you a lot

of flexibility and a lot of portability

within your

environment so looking at all of this

this is the core of virtualization as a

process

so let's talk about a couple key

benefits that you want to take away from

this

one cost

savings when you think about this and

the fact that you can run multiple

virtual environments from one piece of

infrastructure means that you can

drastically reduce your physical

infrastructure footprint um this is

consolidation at its core and the fact

that you don't have to maintain nearly

as many servers um run as much

electricity save on maintenance cost

means that you save on your bottom line

at the end of the

day number two would be agility and

speed so like I said spinning up a

virtual machine is relatively easy and

quick um a lot more simple than

provisioning an entire new environment

um for your developers if you if they

say they want to spin up a new

environment so that they can run a deth

test scenario whatever it might be

virtualization makes that process a lot

simpler and quick

quicker and

three lowers your

downtime so let's say that this host

goes out

unexpectedly the fact that you can move

virtual machines from one hypervisor to

another on a different physical server

means that you have a great backup plan

in place right so if this host goes down

you can simply move your VMS very

quickly to another hypervisor on a

machine that is

working so with this this is really

virtualization today um and like I said

at the beginning virtualization is a

technology that's a few decades old at

this point but it's still super critical

to understand for your cloud computing

strategy today