ANSC11 intro1
Summary
TLDRIn this educational lecture, Mr. Philip Carla A. Martinez Jr. introduces Animal Science 1, exploring the domestication of animals and their mutualistic relationship with humans. He highlights the historical significance of animals in agriculture, their roles in ecosystems, and their economic utility in rural economies. The lecture also touches on the importance of animals in biodiversity, their functions in food chains, and their use in research, clothing, and as pets, emphasizing their multifaceted contributions to human society.
Takeaways
- π Mr. Philip Carla A. Martinez JR is the instructor for Animal Science 1, focusing on the introduction to animal science, human-animal interactions, and the ecosystem.
- π Domestication refers to the process where wild animals adapt to live alongside humans, leading to mutualistic relationships that benefit both parties.
- π© Dogs are the earliest domesticated animals, with domestication dating back approximately 15,000 years and initially used for hunting and protection.
- π Sheep and goats were domesticated around 10,000 years ago, providing early humans with meat, milk, and wool, marking the start of agricultural development.
- πΎ Domesticated animals played a key role in the development of agriculture by providing labor and producing food, such as through draft animals.
- π The relationship with domesticated animals facilitated trade and social structures, with the possession of animals indicating wealth and social status.
- π The Bible's Book of Job highlights the role of animals in ancient agriculture, showing Job's wealth in terms of livestock, which was a measure of prosperity.
- πΏ Biodiversity is the variety of life forms within an ecosystem, and animals contribute significantly to this by supporting species and genetic diversity.
- π Animals serve as key players in ecosystem functions, such as pollination by bees, butterflies, and birds, which is crucial for plant reproduction.
- π± The food chain involves producers (plants), consumers (herbivores and carnivores), and decomposers (organisms that break down dead matter), with animals playing various roles.
- π· Livestock contributes to rural economies by providing direct income through household production and employment opportunities in larger farming operations.
Q & A
What is the definition of domestication in the context of the script?
-Domestication refers to the process through which wild animals are adapted to live alongside humans, leading to a mutualistic relationship where both humans and animals benefit from each other.
Which animal is mentioned as the oldest to be domesticated, and what was its initial purpose?
-Dogs are mentioned as the oldest animals to be domesticated, with domestication dating back to around 15,000 years ago. Early dogs were likely used for hunting and protection.
What role did domesticated animals play in the development of agriculture?
-Domesticated animals played a key role in developing agriculture by providing labor and producing food. They were used as draft animals for labor and as a source of meat, milk, and wool.
How did the relationship with domesticated animals facilitate trade and social structures?
-The relationship with domesticated animals facilitated trade by enabling the barter system and influenced social structures by allowing those with many animals to hold decision-making power and wealth within communities.
What is the significance of the biblical figure Job in the context of agriculture as mentioned in the script?
-Job is introduced as an example of an agriculturist in the Bible. Despite not being as well-known as figures like Abraham, Moses, or Joseph, Job is highlighted for his perfection and uprightness, and his significant wealth in livestock, which symbolizes his status and success in agriculture.
What is biodiversity and how do animals contribute to it?
-Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms within a given ecosystem, including species diversity, genetic variation, and ecosystem complexity. Animals contribute to biodiversity by being key players in maintaining the balance and health of ecosystems.
What is the role of animals in pollination and how does it affect the ecosystem?
-Animals play a crucial role in pollination by transferring pollen from one flower to another, which aids in the fertilization process and the production of seeds and fruits, thus supporting plant reproduction and diversity.
Can you explain the concept of the food chain as described in the script?
-The food chain is a sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass as one organism eats another. It starts with producers (plants), followed by primary consumers (herbivores), secondary consumers (carnivores/predators), and may include tertiary consumers and apex predators. This chain helps regulate population sizes and maintains ecological balance.
How do livestock contribute to rural economies according to the script?
-Livestock contribute to rural economies by providing direct income through household production and sales, creating employment opportunities in larger production scales, and offering economic resilience by serving as a resource that can be liquidated during financial hardships.
What are the different economic utilities derived from animals as mentioned in the script?
-The script mentions several economic utilities derived from animals, including food (meat, milk), draft power for labor, pets (providing companionship and emotional support), research subjects for scientific studies, and materials for clothing and accessories like leather and hide.
How do decomposers, such as bacteria and fungi, contribute to the ecosystem as explained in the script?
-Decomposers break down dead plants and animals into simpler substances, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem. This process is essential for nutrient cycling and maintaining soil fertility.
Outlines
πΎ Introduction to Animal Science
Mr. Philip Carla Martinez Jr. introduces himself as an instructor of Animal Science 1 at CSU Sanchez Mira. He explains the concept of domestication, which is the process of adapting wild animals to live alongside humans, forming a mutualistic relationship. Domestication is highlighted as a key factor in the historical development of agriculture, with dogs being the earliest domesticated animals around 15,000 years ago. The roles of sheep and goats in early agriculture are also discussed, emphasizing their contributions to food, labor, and the development of trade and social structures.
πΏ Role of Animals in Ecosystems
The paragraph delves into the role of animals in ecosystems, focusing on their contribution to biodiversity. Biodiversity is defined as the variety of life forms within an ecosystem, including species diversity, genetic variation, and ecosystem complexity. The speaker explains the concept of species diversity and genetic diversity using examples such as pigs and their offspring. The paragraph also discusses the ecosystem functions of animals, including pollination by bees and butterflies, and their role in the food chain as both producers and consumers. The importance of decomposers in recycling nutrients is also mentioned.
π Livestock and Rural Economies
This section discusses the economic utility of livestock in rural economies. Livestock serves as a direct source of income through household production and backyard farming. It also provides employment opportunities in larger production scales, where various roles such as farm technicians and veterinarians are necessary. The paragraph highlights the economic resilience that livestock offers, allowing farmers to manage resources and provide for their families even during tough times. The versatility of livestock in resource management is emphasized, where animals can be sold at any production stage.
π Economic Utility Derived from Animals
The economic utility derived from animals is further explored, with a focus on food as the primary utility. The paragraph discusses the importance of fiber in the diet, explaining its role in maintaining a healthy digestive system. The use of draft animals for labor is also mentioned, highlighting their importance in agriculture. The paragraph then transitions to the role of pets in society, emphasizing the emotional and financial investment people make in their pets' well-being. The economic impact of animal research is briefly touched upon, with an example of how prolific animals like rabbits are used for rapid research outcomes.
π Clothing and Final Thoughts
The final paragraph discusses the use of animal products in clothing, such as leather and hide, which are used to make various accessories and garments. The video concludes with a summary of the economic utilities of animals, from food to clothing, and the importance of understanding their role in various aspects of human life. The speaker thanks the audience for their attention and concludes the first part of the video series on animal science.
Mindmap
Keywords
π‘Domestication
π‘Mutualistic Relationship
π‘Agriculture
π‘Biodiversity
π‘Pollination
π‘Food Chain
π‘Decomposers
π‘Livestock
π‘Economic Utility
π‘Animal Research
π‘Leather
Highlights
Introduction to the concept of domestication and its significance in the development of agriculture.
Domestication defined as the process by which wild animals adapt to live alongside humans.
Dogs being the earliest domesticated animals, with domestication dating back to 15,000 years ago.
Sheep and goats were domesticated around 10,000 years ago, contributing to early human sustenance.
Domesticated animals played a key role in the development of agriculture by providing labor and food.
The relationship between humans and domesticated animals facilitated trade and social structures.
The story of Job from the Bible, highlighting his role as an agriculturist and his wealth in livestock.
Importance of animals in ecosystems, including their contribution to biodiversity.
Explanation of species diversity and genetic diversity within animal populations.
Role of animals as key players in ecosystem functions, such as pollination and seed dispersal.
The food chain and the different roles animals play as producers, consumers, and decomposers.
Livestock as a source of income for rural economies through direct sales and employment.
Economic resilience provided by livestock, allowing farmers to manage resources during tough times.
The various economic utilities derived from animals, including food, fiber, and labor.
Importance of fiber in human diet and its role in maintaining a healthy digestive system.
Use of draft animals in agriculture for labor and their classification.
The economic utility of pets and the costs associated with pet care and veterinary services.
Animal research and its contribution to scientific understanding, using rats as an example.
Clothing as an economic utility derived from animals, with a focus on leather and hide products.
Transcripts
Good morning
everyone once again gusto ko lang
magpakilala I'm Mr Philip Carla a
Martinez JR na taga Claveria pero
nagtuturo dito sa csu Sanchez Mira and I
will be your instructor in Animal
science 1 the introduction to animal
science so we go with the man animal and
the
ecosystem ang human animal interaction
natin historically um nag-start ang
agriculture dahil sa domestication of
animals so ang
domestication ang ibig sabihin lang non
is yung mga wild animals before
ay inalagaan ng tao at pwede na silang
mag-exist kasama ang tao so domes
refers to the process through which wild
animals are adapted to live alongside
humans leading to a mutualistic
relationship we benefit as humans from
animals and the animals benefit from us
and we live alongside each other yun ang
domestication na
tinatawag so ang dogs ang pinakaunang
na- domesticate na animal so ang
domestication daw nagsimula 15,000 years
ago and early dogs were likely used for
hunting and protection ah Although ang
karaniwan na ngayon ay for protection
tumatahol sila kapag
may hindi sila kilala pero pag nandiyan
na yung tao minsan sila naman yung unang
tumatakbo pero at least meron Iyung
warning di ba and before they are used
for hunting kasi malakas ang pangamoy
nila ang sheep and goats domesticated
around 1,000 years ago providing early
humans with meat milk and wool so dito
na halos nag-start ang
agriculture for the agricultural
development domesticated animals played
a key role in developing agriculture by
providing Labor and producing food labor
ito yung tinatawag natin na mga draft
animals Later on idi-discuss din po
natin economic and social changes the
relation with domesticated animals
facilitated trade Ayan pwede na meron na
yung barter system social structures
kasi dito mo na makikita kung sino ang
mayaman Sino ang may kaya Sino ang
makapangyarihan kasi usually kung sino
naman yung maraming alagang hayop sila
ang nagde-decide for the community or
isa sa mga konsehal noon and the Rise of
complex
societies Uh This is the scripture From
the bible from the book of job chapter 1
So gusto ko lang na ma-amaze tayong
lahat kasi si Job sa bible hindi siya
ganon kakilala Hindi tulad nila Abraham
nila Moses nila Joseph na kilalang
kilala sa bible pero bilang
agriculturist Gusto kong ipakilala sa
inyo si Job sabi sa verse 1 there was a
man in the land of uz Whose name was job
and that man was perfect and up right
and one that feared God and estu Evil so
iilan lang si Job sa tinawag ng
Panginoon sa bible na perfect Hindi
naman sinasabi
na hindi never siya nagkasala pero ang
ibig sabihin kasi ng perfect in this
sense is is Isa siya sa mga mature
mag-isip na kahit anong problema ang
dumaan sa buhay niya nagre-relax
ganon verse two and there Were Born unto
him seven sons and three
daughters verse 3 and this substance
also was 7,000 sheep so Magkano ang tupa
ngayon and 3,000 camels ang camels Kasi
noon ito ang main mode of transportation
kay sabihin na lang natin meron siyang
3,000 na kotse and 500 yoke of oxen ang
ox para lang siyang kalabaw pero ibig
sabihin kasi ng yoke mag-asawa yan so
500 yoke ibig sabihin 500 na lalaking ox
at 500 na babaeng ox and then meron pa
siyang 500 she Asses and a very great
household may mansion siya so that this
man was the greatest of all the men of
the east sabihin na lang natin ang kay
manan niya kayang pumantay sa buong
Luzon buong Visayas or buong Mindanao
iisang tao lang yon si Job lang yon
Later on nagkaroon talaga siya ng
matitinding problema sa buhay but yet He
still relied on the Lord Okay so bilang
agriculturist and As a christian gusto
ko lang i-share sa inyo or gusto ko lang
ipakilala sa inyo si Job sa
bible so role of animals in ecosystems
unang-una contribution to biodiversity
biodiversity refers to the variety of
life forms within a given ecosystem
including the diversity of species
genetic variation and ecosystem
complexity Silipin ko lang Ayan
um ito
ang ibig lang sabihin nito ng
biodiversity bio meaning life tapos
diversity meaning
sa isang lugar in a given place marami
kang makikita na life forms maraming
klase ng halaman maraming klase ng
insekto maraming klase ng land animals
maraming klase ng marine animals or
aquatic animals Gan lang so iba ang
biodiversity sa ilalim ng dagat iba ang
biodiversity sa Sahara or sa Desert
sabihin na lang natin Iba ang
biodiversity sa kagubatan or sa forest
and
etc animals as key players number one
merong tinatawag na species diversity
um ang isang baboy for example maraming
pinagka ay I'm sorry ah mali ah ang
ine-explain ko is number two ang
sinasabi ng number one ang species
diversity Ayun nga merong hayop merong
four legged animals merong insects
merong halaman yun ang species diversity
ang genetic diversity naman sa isang
klase ng hayop for example ang baboy
merong pinagkaiba iba ang magkakapatid
na baboy o ganon so parehas ng nanay
parehas ng tatay pero
pinanganak Magkakaiba yung mga
magkakapatid yun ang genetic diversity
so sa genetic level or yung genes nila
Magkakaiba sila ng nakuha galing dun sa
parents
nila ecosystem functions una Ah so in
General muna tayo ah animals in General
muna number one is
pollination bees butterflies and Birds
kapag ang mga butterflies or mga Beast
kapag lumalapit sila sa flower nag
nag-college
nectar yung matamis na substance sa
flower ang nangyayari is kumakapit yung
pollen doun sa legs nila tapos habang
palipad-lipad ang mga bees Nahuhulog
yung pollen na iyon So parang nagtatanim
na sila ng seeds ng flower So yun ang
purpose ng pollination
um Ayon makikita naman sa picture ang
nangyari as yung B pa- transfer transfer
siya ng transfer sa iba't ibaang halaman
Meron yung pollen sa unang ano d sa
unang flower ita-transfer niya doun sa
kabilang flower tapos magkakaroon ng
mabubuo na mafe fertilize na yung ano
nila yung pollen kaya Ay kaya meron yung
ovary Meron yung pollen ganyan ah kapag
na- fertilize y doon na magstart yung
bunga
Okay number two peral birds mammals and
insects kahit mga tao nangyayari to Pag
palakad-lakad tayo sa damuhan Meron yung
kumakapit sa pantalon natin or sa
sapatos natin Ta's pag tinatanggal natin
yon eventually mahahangin tapos ayan
madi-disappoint picture so ang nagagawa
kasi niyan kapag nagbi-birthday
mabuhay or even insects Pwede
rin explaining the food chain unang-una
merong producers na tinatawag at ito ang
mga plants they are organisms that
produce their own food through processes
like
photosynthesis animals are not producers
producers but interact closely with them
so kita naman sa picture merong Producer
ito yung grass ito yung trees shobs kasi
itong mga to kaya nilang lumaki kaya
nilang lumago kahit hindi pakialaman ng
tao so they can produce their own
food using photosynthesis using the
process
photosynthesis Okay pangalawa we have
consumers herbivores that feed on
producers so itong rabbit ito yung
example ng primary Consumer natin ang
kinakain lang ng rabbit ay puro dahon
puro grasses puro halaman so ang primary
Consumer yun yung kumakain ng mga
producers
natin ang secondary consumers naman ay
Itong mga predators they are carnivores
that eat herbivores itong Fox itong owl
eagle Pwede rin naman yung snake kahit
anong hayop na kumakain ng ibang hayop
yun ang tinatawag na secondary
Producer meron din namang tertiary so
another classification to Apex predators
that eat other carnivores examples are
lions hunting other predators Ayan they
occupy the top of the food chain and
help regulate population sizes of other
species So kaya nga king of the jungle
ang lion kasi lahat pwede niyang kainin
kapag sa dagat naman sharks ang Apex
predators number three We also have
decomposers organisms that break down
Dead plants and animals into simpler
substances recycling nutrients back into
the ecosystem so we
have different examples ng decomposers
pero usually they are microorganism yun
yung fungi bacteria Ayan ang ginagawa ng
mga yon kinakain nila yung Dead matter
tapos mai-in ulit siya sa soil
Okay livestock and rural economies Ayan
papasok na tayo sa mundo ng farm animals
livestock as a source of income
unang-una direct
income So merong household production
tapos ay sa direct income kasi nasa
backyard may
backyard backyard farming ka tos
ibebenta mo yung manok sa kapitbahay mo
pwede naman yon or itlog or baboy kahit
ano man basta pwede siyang source of
income additional source of income
number two we have employment sa mga
nasa mid or large production scale nasa
50 100 heads ng baboy ganyan hindi yun
kaya ng mag-isa so ang ginagawa ng mga
business owners na to ay nag-a ng mga
Ayan meron na silang mga empleyado may
mga farm technician eh kung Malaki na
talaga yung kumpanya e meron na silang
sariling
veterinarian merong
ah merong nagha-handle sa breeding
merong nagha-handle sa Nutrition So kung
fully established na yung kumpanya
agricultural
na kumpanya so Ayun
Uh nagbo-boyfriend
[Musika]
poverty or ng kahirapan una economic
resilience Ayan kahit mahirap ang buhay
eh Kung meron kang baboy Meron nga kahit
mahirap ang buhay eh dahil may baboy
sila grad weight yung anak ah hindi na
nila binebenta yung baboy nilon na agad
so mga ganon ah merong economic
resilience kahit magmahal ang presyo ng
baboy kahit magmahal ang mga bilihin at
least merong sariling animals na pwede
nilang
katayin okay number two Resource
management So you at any stage of
production naman ng manok ng baboy
ganyan pwede mo silang ibenta so it's
the choice of the farmer or ng backyard
racer kapag walang wala na talaga silang
pera at least pwede silang magbenta so
they can manage their resources they can
liquify ang ibig sabihin n ah kung ano
yung assets na meron sila in this case
is yung farm animals na nasa backyard ay
pwede nilang ibenta para maging
pera economic utility derived from
animals number one is food of course um
merong chicken merong Burger at meron
tayong gulay so question Bakit nga ba
tayo kumakain ng gulay nakasulat dito
fiber eh ' ba pag kumakain tayo ng
favorite example ko talaga to p kumakain
ng mais yan kinain mo siya minsan
lalabas siya sa katawan natin mais pa
rin So ano ang point na Kinakain natin
ang mais hindi tayo tulad ng mga baka
that we can efficiently utilize or we
can efficiently Digest yung mga fibers
so Bakit ang tao bakit ang nanay tatay
lola lolo natin pinapagalitan tayo kapag
hindi tayo kumakain ng kulay kasi ang
purpose ng fiber na nasa gulay fruits
and the
rest ang purpose niya ay para walisan or
linisin ang ating digestive system This
is to prevent yyung build up ng toxin sa
katawan imagine kung yung kinain mo 2
years ago Andiyan pa rin sa tiyan mo
malalason ka na niyan puro toxins na
lang yung matitira diyan so ang purpose
ng fiber is to cleanse our digestive
system Meron nga yong mga nagbebenta ng
different supplements ngayon na helps in
bowel movement helps in Ano ba
pampapayat mga ganyan So ang ang ano
lang naman yan na-enhance lang yung
fiber content Yun lang naman pinagkaiba
non sa usual na foods na Kinakain natin
Okay pangalawa ito na ung sinasabi ko
na draft animals so pwedeng baka this
ito yung Asses a donkey tapos pwedeng
kalabaw sa vegan considered na draft
animals yung mga nagkakalas na mga
kabayo Ayan so anything yung tumutulong
sa field na mag-araro ganyan So ang mga
animals natin used for power they are
called draft
animals We also have pets ang daming
pera sa pagiging veterinarian or kung
nagha-handle ka ng pets kasi meron
talaga ung mga tao hindi na nila alam
gagawin sa pera nila sila justin beaver
nagpa-aral mga ganong tao ' ba ah Anyway
kahit naman tayo meron naman yung mga
puspin or Mga asong aspin ayan ah pag
pag napamahal talaga ung pamilya pag nag
kasakit yung mga hayop na yan ah inee
effortan naman na bilhan ng gamot pinapa
vet kada check up 500 agad yun kahit
wala paang masyadong ginagawa iba pa
yung gamot mas mahal pa nga yung gamot
ng mga hayop kaya sa tao minsan so ayan
ah We also have
research so just to explain kung
sinasabi kasing animal research usually
ang pinapakita sa mga movies ay mga daga
kasi ang mga daga they have the special
characteristic of being very prolific so
ang term na yan ay gagamitin ulit natin
later pero i-explain ko na ngayon ang
prolific kasi na tinatawag ay yung
ability ng animal na manganak maraming
beses tapos every time na manganganak
siya maramihan yun ang measure ng
prolific ngayon ang mga daga kasi
mabilis sila dumami
kaya kapag nagre-research sa daga ah
Makikita mo agad yung effects niya hindi
lang doun sa daga mismo pati doon sa
magiging anak ng anak ng anak nung daga
kung saan ka nag-experiment so mabilis
ang labas ng resulta ng
research Okay so in the world of animal
science naman farm animals ang aar ang
prif kasy makikita mo sa baboy so ang
baboy mabilis siang manganak every year
pwede siyang manganak 2.4 times pwede
siyang mabuntis at manganak Tapos kapag
nanganganak sila yung commercial na
baboy 6 to 8 ang piglets na lumalabas
yun yung liter size na tinatawag so mas
prolific ang baboy compared sa Baka na
ang baka isang beses ng manganak sa
isang taon tapos iisa lang ang nilalabas
niya
okay we have clothing also as economic
utility ng animals yung leather or yung
hide na tinatawag yan Ito leather hide
so animal skin ang ginagamit to make
purses clothes shoes
etc
Okay so for now doon muna mag-end yung
unang video natin Thank you so much po
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