Basic Computing Skills - Orientation

Summary

本视频教程详细介绍了Windows操作系统的基本使用方法，包括桌面组成、任务栏功能、开始菜单的使用、如何通过搜索功能查找程序和文件、以及如何访问和管理计算机的硬件设备。进一步探讨了如何使用互联网浏览器（如Internet Explorer和Google Chrome）浏览网页、设置收藏夹、以及进行高级搜索。最后，本教程还涵盖了如何使用Microsoft Office程序（如Word、Excel和PowerPoint）进行文档创建、编辑和格式设置，以及保存和打印文档的方法。整个视频旨在为用户提供全面的Windows使用指南，帮助他们高效地完成日常任务。

Takeaways

• 🖥️ 桌面是登录Windows后首先看到的界面，分为两大部分：大部分的屏幕空间用于显示图标和打开的程序，任务栏位于屏幕底部。
• 📍 任务栏包含多个部分：左侧是带有Windows标志的圆形按钮，即开始菜单；接下来是程序图标，如Internet Explorer、Windows Explorer和Windows Media Player。
• 🔊 任务栏右侧是计算机的行政图标，包括网络连接状态、音量调节、时间日期显示以及“显示桌面”功能。
• 🔍 开始菜单提供了所有运行中程序的图标，可以通过点击打开程序，也可以通过“所有程序”查看电脑中的所有程序。
• 🔎 搜索栏允许在开始菜单中查找程序或文件，可以通过输入关键词快速定位。
• 💻 通过“我的电脑”可以访问硬盘驱动器、CDs、DVDs和USB存储设备。
• 🌐 通过Web浏览器如Internet Explorer访问互联网，浏览器的主页可以自定义，地址栏用于输入网址。
• 🔖 收藏夹功能允许保存常用网站，方便快速访问。
• 📚 微软Office程序如Excel、PowerPoint和Word可通过开始菜单访问，用于完成学校作业。
• ✍️ Microsoft Word是一个文字处理程序，可以输入文本、进行基本的文字格式化，如改变字体、大小、加粗、斜体和下划线。
• 🔄 复制和粘贴功能允许在文档中复制文本并粘贴到其他位置，有鼠标操作和键盘快捷键两种方式。
• 💾 使用文档时，应定期保存，可以通过点击保存按钮或使用键盘快捷键Ctrl+S。

Q & A

Windows桌面由哪两部分组成？

Windows桌面主要由两部分组成：一是占据大部分屏幕的空间，通常包含一些程序图标；二是位于页面底部的任务栏。

任务栏左侧的圆形按钮有什么用途？

任务栏左侧的圆形按钮是开始菜单按钮，用于打开开始菜单。

如何打开一个程序？

可以通过单击任务栏上的程序图标或开始菜单中的程序图标来打开一个程序。

任务栏右侧的小矩形框有什么功能？

任务栏右侧的小矩形框是“显示桌面”按钮，点击它可以最小化所有打开的程序，直接返回到桌面。

开始菜单中的搜索栏有什么用途？

开始菜单中的搜索栏可以用来搜索电脑上的程序或文件。

如何通过开始菜单访问硬盘驱动器和USB等设备？

通过开始菜单点击“计算机”，可以访问硬盘驱动器以及CD、DVD和USB等设备。

如何使用互联网资源？

可以通过双击桌面或任务栏上的网络浏览器图标，如Internet Explorer或Google Chrome，来访问互联网资源。

如何将网站添加到收藏夹？

在网站页面上，点击“收藏夹”按钮，然后选择“添加到收藏夹”来将网站添加到收藏夹。

如何在Microsoft Word中进行文字格式设置？

在Microsoft Word中，可以通过选择文本然后使用页面顶部的格式工具栏来进行文字格式设置，例如更改字体、字号、加粗、斜体或下划线等。

如何保存和打印Microsoft Word文档？

在Microsoft Word中，可以通过点击左上角的“保存”按钮来保存文档，通过点击“文件”菜单中的“打印”选项来打印文档。

Outlines

00:00

🖥️ 桌面和任务栏介绍

介绍了Windows操作系统的桌面，包括桌面的两大组成部分：占据屏幕大部分的大空间，用于放置程序图标和打开程序；以及屏幕底部的任务栏，包含开始菜单、程序图标、系统图标等。详细解释了任务栏的各个部分，如开始菜单、程序图标、网络连接状态、音量调节、时间日期设置以及“显示桌面”功能。

05:02

🔍 开始菜单和搜索功能

详细描述了开始菜单的用途和如何使用搜索功能来查找程序或文件。介绍了开始菜单中的各种图标，如计算机、控制面板、设备和打印机以及帮助和支持选项。还说明了如何通过开始菜单关闭计算机或锁定屏幕，并介绍了如何使用Windows资源管理器来浏览和管理文件。

10:04

🌐 互联网浏览和网页收藏

讲解了如何使用不同的网络浏览器（如Internet Explorer、Mozilla Firefox、Google Chrome和Safari）来访问互联网。特别介绍了Internet Explorer的使用，包括打开浏览器、设置和更改主页、使用地址栏和收藏夹功能。还提到了如何使用搜索引擎（如Bing）来查找信息。

15:05

🔎 使用Google搜索引擎

详细介绍了如何使用Google搜索引擎来查找网页、图片、地图、视频、新闻和学术文章。讲解了如何进行高级搜索以获得更精确的结果，并介绍了Google Scholar这一专门搜索学术资源的工具。

20:06

✍️ 使用Microsoft Office程序

介绍了Microsoft Office套件中的几个主要程序，包括Excel、PowerPoint和Word，以及它们在大学学习中的应用。重点讲解了Microsoft Word的基本操作，如打开新文档、输入文本、格式化文本、查找和替换文本、复制和粘贴文本等。

25:08

📝 文档编辑和保存

讲解了在Microsoft Word中如何进行文本编辑和文档保存。介绍了文本格式设置（如字体、大小、加粗、斜体、下划线和文本对齐方式）以及如何使用查找、复制、粘贴和打印功能。还提到了键盘快捷键的使用，以及如何保存和打印文档。

30:08

📑 文档关闭和系统注销

描述了如何关闭Microsoft Word文档和计算机的步骤，包括使用文档关闭按钮、打印文档和注销系统。强调了在使用完计算机后注销系统的重要性，以确保数据安全和隐私保护。

Keywords

💡桌面

桌面是Windows操作系统中用户登录后首先看到的界面。它通常包含大部分屏幕空间，并展示用于打开程序的图标。在视频中，桌面被分为两个部分：大部分的屏幕空间用于显示图标，而任务栏位于屏幕底部。

💡任务栏

任务栏是位于桌面底部的一条窄带，包含多个部分，如开始菜单、程序图标和系统图标。它是用户与操作系统交互的重要界面，允许快速访问常用功能和程序。

💡开始菜单

开始菜单是Windows操作系统中的一个功能，用户可以通过点击任务栏上的Windows图标来访问。它列出了计算机上所有可用的程序，允许用户启动应用程序、访问设置和搜索文件。

💡Web浏览器

Web浏览器是一种软件应用程序，用于访问互联网上的网页和内容。常见的浏览器包括Internet Explorer、Mozilla Firefox、Google Chrome和Safari。它们允许用户通过输入网址或使用搜索引擎来浏览网页。

💡搜索引擎

搜索引擎是一种在线服务，它允许用户通过输入关键词来查找互联网上的信息。Google、Bing和Yahoo是几个流行的搜索引擎，它们通过算法对搜索结果进行排名，以提供最相关的信息。

💡Microsoft Office

Microsoft Office是一套由微软公司开发的办公软件，包括Word、Excel、PowerPoint等多个应用程序。这些程序广泛用于文档编辑、数据分析、演示制作等任务。

💡文档编辑

文档编辑是指使用文字处理软件（如Microsoft Word）来创建、修改和格式化文本内容的过程。这包括输入文本、更改字体和大小、调整段落格式等。

💡格式化

格式化是指在文字处理软件中对文本和图形进行视觉调整的过程，包括改变字体、大小、颜色、对齐方式等，以提高文档的可读性和外观。

💡搜索功能

搜索功能是指在软件或网页中查找特定内容的工具，它允许用户通过输入关键词来快速定位信息。在文字处理软件中，搜索功能可以帮助用户找到并替换文档中的特定词语。

💡复制粘贴

复制粘贴是指在计算机中将数据从一个位置复制并粘贴到另一个位置的操作。这可以用于文本、图像、文件等，是提高工作效率的基本计算机技能。

💡保存文档

保存文档是指将编辑或创建的文件以特定的格式存储到计算机硬盘或其他存储设备中，以便将来可以重新打开和编辑。

💡注销

注销是指用户退出当前操作系统用户账户的行为，这通常会关闭所有打开的程序并返回到登录界面。在视频中，注销是通过点击开始菜单中的'注销'选项来完成的。

Highlights

桌面是登录Windows后首先看到的界面，包含图标和任务栏两部分。

桌面上的图标用于打开程序，程序打开后也会在桌面显示。

任务栏位于屏幕底部，包含开始菜单、程序图标和系统图标。

点击任务栏上的程序图标可以打开默认程序。

任务栏右侧的图标显示网络连接状态、音量控制、时间和日期设置。

通过点击任务栏上的“显示桌面”图标，可以快速回到桌面。

开始菜单提供了所有运行程序的图标，可以搜索程序或文件。

开始菜单中包含计算机、控制面板、设备和打印机等重要图标。

开始菜单的关机按钮提供多种关闭选项，如注销、锁定等。

Windows资源管理器允许浏览和管理电脑上的文件和文件夹。

通过Web浏览器可以访问互联网，不同的浏览器有不同的主页设置。

浏览器的地址栏用于输入网址，而搜索栏则用于在线搜索。

可以将常用网站添加到收藏夹，方便快速访问。

可以使用标签页在多个网页间切换，同时保持所有页面打开。

搜索引擎可以帮助找到匹配关键词的网页、图片、视频等信息。

Google搜索引擎提供高级搜索功能，可以精确搜索条件。

Google Scholar专门搜索学术文章和书籍，适合学术研究。

Microsoft Office程序包括Excel、PowerPoint和Word，适用于完成多种作业。

Microsoft Word是一个文字处理程序，适用于撰写报告、文章等文档。

Word中可以进行基本的文字格式化，如改变字体、大小、加粗、斜体和下划线。

Word提供查找、复制、粘贴等文本操作功能。

保存文档前可以使用键盘快捷键，提高工作效率。

使用完电脑后，应通过开始菜单注销，以保护个人信息安全。

Transcripts

the desktop is what you will see first

each time you log into windows

there are two parts to the desktop

firstly

there is the large space that occupies

most of the screen

this usually contains icons that open

some programs

this is also where your programs will

appear

once you have opened them

secondly

the taskbar is located at the bottom of

the page

this strip contains several parts

so we'll look at it in more detail

the taskbar is the thin strip at the

bottom of the desktop

it contains a number of parts

at the left is a circle with the windows

logo in it

this is the start menu

which we'll look at in a moment

next are program icons

such as

internet explorer

windows explorer

and windows media player

clicking once on any of these

will open up each of these default

programs

if you have any other programs open

for example microsoft word

you can see the icons for these along

the rest of the taskbar

at the right hand side of the taskbar

are administrative icons for your

computer

this icon here

shows if you are connected to the

internet

if you see a red cross here

that usually means you're not connected

next

the speaker icon allows you to adjust

the volume

by clicking on it

and simply dragging the volume button

higher or lower

if you click on the time and date

this will show a calendar and a clock

and you can reset these if you need to

by clicking on the change date and time

settings button

and then following the prompts

the last icon is a small blank rectangle

that says show desktop

clicking on this will take you back to

your desktop

no matter how many programs you have

open

to open up the start menu

you simply click on the start button

on the left hand corner of the taskbar

this is the start menu

this is where you'll see all the icons

of different programs that are running

on your computer

clicking on any of these icons will open

up that program for you to use

if the program doesn't show up here

you can simply click on all programs

this will open up a list of all the

programs on the computer

if you need to go back

simply click back

there's also a search bar within the

start menu

this is where you can search

for programs

or for individual files on your computer

for example

if you need the program paint

you can simply click in the search bar

type in paint

and it will bring up that program

all you need to do

is click on the icon

and it will open the program up for you

you can go back to an empty search bar

by using the backspace key on your

keyboard

to get rid of this word

if instead you need to search for a

particular file

and you know it has the word dog in it

for example

you can simply type this keyword into

the search bar

type in dog

and that will bring up any files with

the word dog in the name

as well as any documents with the word

dog included in them

again you can use backspace to get back

to an empty search bar

at the right hand side of the start menu

are a number of important icons

some of these include

computer

which is where you can access your hard

drive

as well as any cds

dvds

and usbs

control panel

which is where you can view and modify

your computer's settings

devices and printers

which is where you can view and manage

your printers

scanners

and other items of hardware

and the help and support tab

which will give you help in

troubleshooting any problems on your

computer

in the bottom right hand corner of the

start menu

is the shutdown button

pressing on this will close all your

programs

and shut windows down turning your

computer off

if you don't wish to do this

you can click on the arrow

next to the shutdown button

and this gives you some other options

the ones you will use most frequently as

a student

include

log off

which will close your programs

and log you out of windows without

shutting your computer down

and lock

which is where you can keep all your

programs open

simply locking the screen

so that nobody can access your

information while you're away from your

desk

while we're in the start menu

we can click on computer

to open up a program

called windows explorer

windows explorer allows you to browse

all the information and files

that are stored on your computer

the hard disk drives

contain all the information

that is saved on your computer itself

while the devices with removable storage

contain information that can then be

removed

and transported to a different computer

devices with removable storage

include cds

dvds

and usb sticks

we can close this window

by clicking on the x

at the top right hand corner

we can also access windows explorer

using the icon on the taskbar

we simply click once

using the left button on the mouse

and this will open up windows explorer

this is where we can access all our

drives

through the link for computer

as well as our libraries

where we can find the documents we've

saved

as well as music

and pictures

next

let's look at how to log on to the

internet

you can access the world wide web

by using programs known as web browsers

there are several different types of

browsers

these include

internet explorer

mozilla firefox

google chrome

and safari

most web browsers work in a similar way

let's try using internet explorer

you can open internet explorer

if it's on your desktop

by simply double-clicking the icon with

the left button of your mouse

internet explorer is also found on the

taskbar

you can simply click it once

with the left button of your mouse

and internet explorer will launch

once internet explorer launches

you'll be taken through to what's called

a home page

this is a page that you will choose

to be the first page you see

each time you open the web browser

at ecu

the home page is always set

to www.ecu.edu

dot a u

which is the web address for ecu's

website

on your home computer

you can change your home page to

whatever you'd like

perhaps a news website

your email account

or any other page that you go to

frequently

you can do this

simply by clicking on the arrow

next to the home icon here

and following the prompts

at the top of the browser

you'll see a bar known as the address

bar

this is where you can type the web

address

of any website

and then be taken directly to that site

for example

if we want to go to google's home page

we can type in the address here

if we know it

press enter

and we'll be taken through to that

website

let's try that now

we can click once here

and delete the current address

using the backspace key on our keyboard

we can then type in the address

for google's home page

www

dot

google

dot com

and then press enter on our keyboard

this takes us through to the home page

for google

which is a well-known search engine

once we're already on a website

we can add it to what's called a

favorites menu

this means that

instead of having to remember

and type in a web address every single

time we want to go to a page

we can simply find the icon for that

page

click on it on the favorites menu

and be taken directly there

it's a great way to save time

let's try adding google to our favorites

menu

we click once on the favorites button

and this opens up our favorites menu

we can then click on add to favorites

this will open up a window

where we can confirm that we do want to

add google to our favorites

we click add to make this happen

once this is done

we can click on favorites

scroll down to the bottom of the menu

and we can see the new website that

we've added

clicking on this icon

will take us directly to the page we've

saved

if we're on another website

and we'd like to return to our home page

we can simply click

on the home icon

located along the top of the web browser

clicking once on this icon

will return us back to our home page

if we then decide that we'd like to go

back to a website we've saved as a

favorite

we can return back up to our favorites

menu

click on the link for favorites

choose the website that we'd like to go

to

and click on it

to return to that page

if you need to look at another website

but you'd like to keep your current page

open

you can use a new tab

simply click here

and a new browser tab will open up

you can then type in the address

of another website that you'd like to go

to

for example

ecu's home page

if you'd like to return to the page you

were on before

you can simply click on that tab

and you'll be returned to the other page

you can alternate between tabs

as many times as you like

and you can have several tabs open at

once

if you need to use the internet to find

information

you can start off using the search bar

at the top right hand corner of the

browser

this search bar uses a search engine

to scour the internet

for results that will match the keyword

that you type in

this browser

uses the bing search engine

which is one of many search engines

such as yahoo search

and the world's most popular search

engine

google

let's try searching for something

for example

if we need information on the

enlightenment

we can simply click once

in the search bar

type in our keywords

the enlightenment

press enter on our keyboard

and this will bring up the best results

that the bing search engine can find

google is the world's most frequently

used search engine

if we type in

www.google.com

in our address bar

and press enter

this will bring us to the home page for

the google search engine

you can search information through

google

in the same way that you use the search

bar

if we use our keywords from the previous

example

we can type in

the enlightenment

press enter

and it will give us these results

with google

you can search not only web pages

but also images

maps

videos through youtube

current news and information

and much more

if your initial google search doesn't

give you the results you're looking for

you can scroll down to the bottom of the

page

and click on the link

for advanced search

advanced search gives you the ability to

narrow your search criteria

giving you more focused results

you can change what you're searching for

and you can also narrow your results by

choosing which language you'd like

results in

or which region you'd like results from

you can also search information

by the time it was last updated

this way

you can make sure you're getting the

most current information

another useful resource that google

offers

is google scholar

you can access this by clicking on the

more tab

at the top of the page

on the drop down menu

select even more

once on this page

scroll down to the bottom

in the specialized search section

you will see google scholar

clicking on this

will take you through to the google

scholar search bar

this is a specialized search that allows

you to search peer-reviewed journal

articles

and other academic papers and books

this can be a useful resource

for your assignments

you can also search academic articles

papers and books

by using the ecu library one search

which you can learn about in other

workshops

next

let's look at how to locate

and use

microsoft office programs

these are the programs you will use

to complete many of your assignments

you can find these programs by clicking

on the start menu

once the start menu is open

click on all programs

once the all programs list has loaded

scroll down

to the folder called microsoft office

clicking once on this folder

will show you all the programs that are

contained within it

the programs you will probably use most

frequently at uni

include

microsoft excel

which you can use to analyze data

with spreadsheets

tables

and graphs

microsoft powerpoint

which you can use to create slideshows

for presentations

and microsoft word

where you can write up your assignments

and your essays

let's open microsoft word

clicking on the icon for microsoft word

will open up a new document

you can maximize this window

simply by clicking the maximize button

in the top right hand corner

what you see is the blank page of a new

document

microsoft word is a word processing

program

anytime you need to type up information

and words such as for an essay report

or any other assignment

microsoft word is probably what you'll

use

when you start typing in microsoft word

simply click once to make this blinking

cursor appear

the words you type will appear from this

point

you can type using the keys on your

keyboard

for example to type the word the

you hit the keys t h

e and you've typed the word

to create a space

simply press the space bar once

the space bar

is the long skinny blank key on your

keyboard

if you're new to typing don't worry

the more you practice the faster you'll

get

let's try writing a whole sentence

for example

the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy

dog

let's try doing that now

if you need to start a new line in

microsoft word

simply hit the enter key located towards

the middle of the keyboard

this will return your cursor

to the left hand side of the page and

you can start a new line

you can press enter twice

to start a new paragraph

if you need to create a capital letter

you can hold the shift key located just

underneath the enter key

and while holding the shift key

press the letter key that you'd like to

capitalize

for example if we want to write the

quick brown fox was called fred

we can hold down the shift key

press t

and that capitalizes the t

we can then write the rest of the

sentence

and when we get to capitalizing fred's

name

we hold down shift

and press the f key

followed by the rest of fred's nap

and a full stop

next

let's look at how to format text using

microsoft word

to select the text that you'd like to

format

click once using the left button on your

mouse

this brings the cursor back

once you've done this

click the left button again but hold it

down

and then drag it over the text you'd

like to format

you can then use the formatting tools

located at the top of the page

we'll go through some of the basic

formatting tools so that you can get

some practice

can click on the arrow here

to change the font of the text

that's the style or theme of the text

this opens a drop down menu with dozens

of choices

each font is slightly different

at university

you'll usually use a conservative font

such as times new roman

try highlighting your text

and then changing the font to times new

roman

to make the change you simply click on

the font that you'd like to change it to

once you've changed the font you can

also change the size of the text

using this arrow here

clicking here opens up another drop down

menu

with several different choices

you can make the text tiny

or you can make it extremely large

university level

it's a good idea to work with size 12.

if you want to make a section of your

text bold

you can click next to it and highlight

it

and then move up to the formatting tools

clicking on this b

will turn your text bulb

let's try that now

you can also format your text in italics

by clicking on the i

and you can underline the text

by clicking on the you

if you need to put some text into the

center of the page

for example for the title

you can use the alignment options found

here

clicking on the left will align the text

to the left which is the default option

clicking on center

will move the text to the center of the

page

and clicking on right

will align the text with the right hand

margin

if you want to

you can also change the color of the

text

clicking here on this arrow

and choosing a color to change the

highlighted text to

there are many other ways to format text

in microsoft word

and you'll find these out with more

practice

there are a few more basic skills that

will help you when you start using

microsoft word

these include finding text

copying text

and pasting text

let's start with finding text

the find function is located near the

top right corner

where these binoculars are

you can click on this

to open up the navigation panel

click once and then type in a word that

you're searching for

for example

fox

this tool will highlight any mentions of

the word fox in your document

this is helpful if you need to change a

word

you can find all the times that word's

been used and change all of them

if we press the x here that will close

the navigation panel

you can also use the find function by

using what's called a keyboard shortcut

this opens up the function without using

your mouse

you can open up the find function

by locating the control key on your

keyboard

this is just below the shift key

hold down the control key

and while that key is held down

press the f key

as you can see

this opens up the find function

another useful function

is the copy and paste function

this is where you can highlight and copy

text

and then paste it somewhere else

let's try by copying our first sentence

click once

then click again

holding the left button down

and drag it across your text

move your mouse over the highlighted

text

and then click the right button on your

mouse

this opens up a menu

select the second option which is copy

that's copied the text to microsoft

word's clipboard

click once outside the selected area

to remove the selection

now press enter once

for a new line

[Applause]

move your mouse to the start of this new

line

and click the right button of your mouse

again

you'll see there's no option for copy

but you can paste

there's several options

select the one with the letter a

to paste text

and click on it

this has duplicated your entire sentence

and you can repeat this as many times as

you like

there's also a keyboard shortcut for

copying and pasting

to copy text

you can highlight it

then hold down the ctrl key

and press the letter c

to paste the text

simply click elsewhere

hold down control again

and press v

again you can do this as many times as

you need

there are many more useful functions

within microsoft word

as well as many more keyboard shortcuts

you can find some of these on the

handout that you've been given today

you can also search for them on the

internet

another way to find them is by hovering

over an icon

which will give you the keyboard

shortcut if there is one

for example

let's try hovering over the b button

we know that by clicking on this we can

make text bold

but this tells us that we can also hold

down control

and press b to make text bold without

using the mouse

italics and underline

also have keyboard shortcuts

when you've finished using a document

or even if you're partway through

it's a good idea to save it

to save a

document you use the save button up in

the top left corner

the keyboard shortcut for save is

holding down control and pressing s

if you need to print the document

you can click on file

move down to the print option here

and click on it

and then click this print button

to print the document

to return back to your document

you can click on home

once you're finished in microsoft word

you can close the document

by clicking on the x in the top right

hand corner

today we won't save the document so

click don't save

when you've finished using your computer

remember to log off

you can do this by clicking on the start

menu

moving to the arrow next to the shutdown

button

and clicking log off

this will close all programs

and log you out of windows until next

time