FIFO Periodic & Perpetual I Pengantar Akuntansi

Tutor Aja
21 May 202015:35

Summary

TLDRIn this educational video, Jesslyn explains the concept of inventory valuation in financial accounting, focusing on the First-In, First-Out (FIFO) method. She discusses the importance of inventory valuation in determining the value of goods a company holds. Using a practical example from 'Valencia.com', 3rd Edition, she demonstrates how to calculate inventory costs and manage transactions using the perpetual system. The video covers various transactions, including purchases, sales, and returns, illustrating how FIFO affects inventory costing and gross profit calculations. Jesslyn also compares the perpetual and periodic inventory systems, highlighting their differences and outcomes.

Takeaways

  • πŸ˜€ The video is a tutorial on financial accounting, specifically focusing on inventory valuation.
  • πŸ“š The presenter, Jesslyn, uses 'Valencia: Financial Accounting' 3rd Edition as a reference for the material.
  • πŸ“ˆ Two main inventory valuation methods are discussed: First-In, First-Out (FIFO) and Last-In, First-Out (LIFO), with the video focusing on FIFO.
  • πŸ›’ FIFO assumes that the earliest inventory items are sold first, impacting cost calculations and financial records.
  • πŸ“Š Two systems for inventory tracking are mentioned: periodic and perpetual, with the latter updating inventory numbers after each transaction.
  • πŸ“‹ The video provides a practical example using a list of transactions from Banana Milk Company to demonstrate FIFO implementation.
  • πŸ”’ The presenter explains how to calculate the cost of goods sold (COGS) and ending inventory using the perpetual FIFO method.
  • ⏫ The video illustrates how to handle returns and purchases at different unit prices, showing the step-by-step calculations.
  • πŸ’Ή The gross profit is calculated by subtracting the total cost of goods sold from the total sales revenue.
  • πŸ“Š A comparison is made between the perpetual and periodic FIFO methods, showing that they yield the same ending inventory and gross profit figures.
  • πŸ‘‹ The video concludes with a reminder to stay tuned for more educational content from Jesslyn.

Q & A

  • What is the main topic discussed in the video?

    -The main topic discussed in the video is financial accounting, specifically focusing on inventory valuation using the First In First Out (FIFO) method.

  • What does FIFO stand for in the context of inventory valuation?

    -FIFO stands for First In First Out, which is a method of inventory valuation that assumes the items that are purchased first are sold first.

  • What are the two systems mentioned for inventory valuation?

    -The two systems mentioned for inventory valuation are the periodic system and the perpetual system.

  • What is the difference between the periodic and perpetual inventory systems?

    -In the periodic system, inventory is calculated at the end of an accounting period, while in the perpetual system, inventory records are updated with each transaction.

  • What is the importance of knowing the unit price and quantity in each transaction for FIFO calculations?

    -Knowing the unit price and quantity in each transaction is important for FIFO calculations because it determines the cost of goods sold and the remaining inventory value.

  • How does the video explain the handling of a purchase return in FIFO perpetual method?

    -The video explains that when handling a purchase return in the FIFO perpetual method, the principle of 'last in, first out' is applied, meaning the most recently purchased items are returned first.

  • What is the significance of the price difference between the purchase and sale in FIFO calculations?

    -The price difference between the purchase and sale in FIFO calculations is significant because it affects the cost of goods sold and, consequently, the gross profit.

  • How does the video demonstrate the FIFO method using the example of Banana Milk transactions?

    -The video demonstrates the FIFO method by walking through a series of transactions involving Banana Milk, showing how to update inventory cost and calculate the cost of goods sold at each step.

  • What is the impact of using the FIFO method on the ending inventory and gross profit figures?

    -Using the FIFO method typically results in a higher ending inventory value and lower cost of goods sold, which can lead to a higher gross profit compared to other methods like LIFO.

  • How does the video compare the results of using the FIFO method in both periodic and perpetual systems?

    -The video compares the results by showing that both systems yield the same ending inventory and gross profit figures, but the perpetual system provides continuous updates, whereas the periodic system updates at the end of the period.

  • What is the final message conveyed by the presenter regarding the FIFO method and future content?

    -The presenter concludes by emphasizing that the FIFO method, whether used in a perpetual or periodic system, provides consistent results and hints at more educational content to come in future videos.

Outlines

00:00

πŸ“š Introduction to FIFO Inventory Valuation

The script begins with a casual introduction by the host, Jesslyn, who is discussing the topic of financial accounting with a focus on inventory valuation. The method of 'First In, First Out' (FIFO) is introduced, which assumes that the earliest inventory items are sold first. The script mentions that this method is used for accounting purposes rather than physical tracking of items. Two systems for inventory tracking are mentioned: periodic and perpetual. The periodic system updates inventory at the end of an accounting period, while the perpetual system updates with each transaction. The script then delves into an example using a company called Banana Uyu, detailing various transactions involving the purchase and sale of inventory items, with specific attention to the FIFO method's application in calculating inventory costs.

05:00

πŸ” Detailed Explanation of Perpetual FIFO Method

This paragraph provides a detailed walkthrough of the perpetual FIFO method using the example of Banana Uyu company. The script explains how to record transactions in an inventory ledger, including purchases and sales, and how to calculate the cost of goods sold (COGS) and ending inventory. The explanation includes the step-by-step process of applying the FIFO method to determine which inventory items are considered sold first and how this affects the financial records. The script also clarifies that the FIFO method's application in perpetual inventory systems provides real-time updates to inventory values and costs, which is crucial for accurate financial reporting.

10:06

πŸ“ˆ Comparison of FIFO Method in Perpetual and Periodic Systems

The script contrasts the FIFO method's application in perpetual and periodic inventory systems. It explains that while the perpetual system provides ongoing updates to inventory values, the periodic system only updates at the end of an accounting period. The paragraph walks through the calculations for both systems using the same set of transactions to demonstrate that the final results for ending inventory and cost of goods sold are the same, regardless of the system used. The script emphasizes the importance of understanding the FIFO method's impact on financial statements and how it can be applied in different inventory tracking systems.

15:07

🎬 Conclusion and Upcoming Content Tease

In the final paragraph, Jesslyn wraps up the video by summarizing the key points covered in the discussion about FIFO inventory valuation. She also hints at more educational content to come, promising that future videos will be beneficial and relevant to viewers interested in learning more about accounting and inventory management. The script ends on a friendly note, encouraging viewers to look forward to the next video and thanking them for watching.

Mindmap

Keywords

πŸ’‘Financial Accounting

Financial Accounting refers to the field of accounting concerned with the summary, analysis, and reporting of financial transactions related to a business. In the video, the presenter discusses financial accounting concepts, specifically inventory valuation, which is a crucial aspect of financial accounting as it deals with the quantification of a company's goods held in inventory.

πŸ’‘Inventory Valuation

Inventory Valuation is the process of determining the value of a company's inventory. It is a key concept in the video, where the presenter explains how to calculate the value of inventory using different costing methods. Accurate inventory valuation is essential for financial reporting and helps businesses make informed decisions about stock management.

πŸ’‘FIFO (First-In, First-Out)

FIFO is an inventory costing method that assumes the earliest acquired goods are sold first. The video script uses this method as a primary example to demonstrate how inventory costs are assigned to sold goods. FIFO is significant in financial accounting as it impacts the calculation of cost of goods sold and, consequently, the gross profit.

πŸ’‘Perpetual Inventory System

A Perpetual Inventory System is a method of inventory management where the inventory records are updated with each transaction. The video mentions this system as one of the ways to track inventory, allowing for continuous monitoring of stock levels and costs. This system is contrasted with the periodic system, which updates inventory records only at the end of an accounting period.

πŸ’‘Periodic Inventory System

The Periodic Inventory System is an inventory management method where inventory records are updated only at certain intervals, typically at the end of an accounting period. The video script contrasts this system with the perpetual system, highlighting that it simplifies the accounting process by batching inventory updates, which can be less complex for smaller businesses or those with less frequent transactions.

πŸ’‘Cost of Goods Sold (COGS)

Cost of Goods Sold represents the direct costs attributed to the production of the goods sold by a company. In the context of the video, COGS is calculated using the FIFO method to determine the cost of inventory that has been sold. Understanding COGS is vital for assessing a company's profitability and managing its inventory effectively.

πŸ’‘Gross Profit

Gross Profit is the profit a company makes after deducting the costs associated with producing and selling its products, but before deducting other operational costs such as overheads. The video script includes a calculation of gross profit using the perpetual inventory method, which is a key indicator of a company's financial health and profitability.

πŸ’‘Beginning Inventory

Beginning Inventory refers to the amount of inventory a company has at the start of an accounting period. The video script mentions beginning inventory as the initial quantity and cost that the FIFO method starts with when calculating the cost of goods sold and inventory valuation.

πŸ’‘Ending Inventory

Ending Inventory is the value of the inventory remaining at the end of an accounting period. The video discusses how ending inventory is calculated using both FIFO and the perpetual inventory system, which is essential for financial statements as it affects the balance sheet and income statement.

πŸ’‘Book Value

Book Value, in the context of inventory, refers to the value of the inventory as recorded on a company's financial statements. The video script explains how different inventory valuation methods, such as FIFO, can affect the book value of inventory, which is important for financial analysis and reporting.

πŸ’‘Return Transaction

A Return Transaction is when goods are returned to a seller by a buyer. The video script includes an example of a return transaction and explains how it affects the inventory valuation using the FIFO method. Handling returns is a common business practice and must be accurately accounted for in inventory management.

Highlights

Introduction to financial accounting material on Vivo inventory.

Explanation of inventory valuation methods to calculate the value of ending inventory.

Introduction to the first in, first out (FIFO) method for inventory valuation.

Assumption of the FIFO method that the first inventory items in are the first to be sold.

Differentiation between the FIFO method for accounting and its practical application.

Description of two inventory systems: periodic and perpetual.

Explanation of how to implement FIFO in a perpetual system with transaction examples.

Detailing the importance of recording transaction details for accurate FIFO calculations.

Example of how to handle inventory purchases and sales using the FIFO perpetual method.

How to adjust inventory values when there are returns using the FIFO method.

Calculation of ending inventory and cost of goods sold (COGS) using the FIFO perpetual method.

Introduction to the periodic inventory system and its simplified approach.

Comparison of the FIFO method's results between perpetual and periodic systems.

Final thoughts on the FIFO method's impact on ending inventory, COGS, and gross profit calculations.

Conclusion and invitation to follow for more educational content on financial accounting.

Transcripts

play00:00

[Musik]

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wuih Halo teman-teman semua balik lagi

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sama gua Jesslyn ditukar aja online

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course jadi hari ini gue bakal ngebawain

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materi financial accounting yang

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ngebahas tentang Vivo inventory nah

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singkatnya aja gue tuh bakal berangin

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Gimana caranya kita menghitung file

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infector kita dengan menggunakan metode

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Fifo nah buku yang gue jadi acuan buat

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nerangin materi ini adalah valencia.com

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thingiverse Edition 3E kayak yang ada

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digambar ini nah ayo kita langsung oleh

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aja ke materinya tentang Vivo inventory

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Nah jadi tuh kita mengenal adanya

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namanya inventory valuation jadi

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inventory valuation ini adalah metode

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yang digunakan untuk menghitung

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persediaan barang dagang akhir atau yang

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kita kenal 1nd inventory yang dimiliki

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sama Perusahaan kita nah

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yang dimaksud disini adalah mencari

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value atau nilai uang jadi kita tuh

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mengkonversikan barang-barang kita yang

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bentuknya kita dalam unit ke dalam nilai

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uang nah inventory valuation sendiri itu

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ada dua metode sebenarnya yang sekarang

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diakuin yaitu ada first in first out dan

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juga Evercoss nah di dalam video ini gue

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bakal jelasin tentang bersin face out

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metode first in first out Ken namanya

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aja jadi metode ini memiliki anggapan

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bahwa inventory yang pertama kali masuk

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ke gudang itu yang pertama kali akan

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keluar ketika dijual nah yang perlu

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diperhatikan disini anggapan ini tuh

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digunakan untuk perhitungan cost atau

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pencatatan dalam buku bukan pada

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praktiknya tanya Maksudnya gimana sih

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Jadi kayak misalkan kita beli inventory

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nih hari ini beli besok beli tapi harga

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beda ya inventory secara unit dan barang

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physical inventory nya itu tetep masuk

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aja ke gudang tapi ketika kita

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Aa menghitung ketika dia keluar nih pas

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kita jual Nah kita tuh anggap Yang

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keluar pertama yang keluar itu adalah

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barang yang pertama kali masuk jadi kita

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hidupnya pakai harga yang pertama kali

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kita beli besoknya baru pakai harga yang

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kedua berpakaian ketiga nah tapi pada

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kenyataannya ya barangnya kita enggak

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tahu juga itu harganya 10 temukan tapi

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secara kejahatan itu adalah harga yang

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ada pertama Nah jadi metode + infrared

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sendiri itu ada dua sistem ada sistem

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periodik sama prepetual Taman Jika waktu

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kita nyatet Jono oleh periode itu ah

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kita baru ngitung segala itu dicuri

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periode baru mengakumulasikan segar di

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akhir periode sama cowok perpetual itu

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per transaksi setiap tahunnya kita akan

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melakukan update angka inventory kita

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Nah sekarang kita langsung lihat saja ke

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listen saksinya biar kita tahu gimana

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implementasi Vivo ini disini gue punya

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list rasanya dari banana Uyu company

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masa itu daripada putih ada salah juga

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selama bulan Mei 2019 nah

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kau dikasih reservasi begini gua punya

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satu tips yang bakal bikin lebih muda

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untuk kerjain Vivo ini lu harus ngasih

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like hal-hal penting yang ada di setiap

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transaksi nah hal-hal penting yang kau

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maksud ini adalah transaksinya itu apa

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Berapa unit barangnya dan berapa harga

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satuannya Nah contoh sudah gua highlight

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akan menjadi seperti ini Oke jadi gue

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bacain yang pertama di sini physical

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Count of inventory jadi makhluk fisik

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account officer metro.uk stock opname

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nah di tengah satu me ini kita melakukan

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stock opname dan menunjukkan bahwa kita

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tuh punya beginning Balance sebesar 100

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unit kita punya status unik dan aneh

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yang harga 10 terus Adi tanggal 3 Mei

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dibilang kalau kita bilang gini nih 120

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unit dari supaya ra yang harganya

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sebelah satunya terus di tanggal 7

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dibilang kalo kita berhasil ngejual B

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edit yang masing-masing tuh harga 15 nah

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yang perlu diet yang perlu diperhatikan

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disini bahwa 15 ini adalah harga jual

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bukan harga modalnya terus ditangan

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14mei dibilang kalau si pembeli kita ini

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ngebalikin barang yang dia beli tanggal

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7 tadi sebesar sebanyak 80 unit nah

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terus di tanggal 20 Mei dinilai kalau

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kita tuh lagi nih 200 unit tapi dari

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supaya MB makanya Harganya beda Harganya

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itu 12 satunya perbaikan sama supaya A11

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nah terus dibilang kalau tanggal 26 eini

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kita ngebalikin 50 unit Yang tadi kita

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beli dari suplier B terus yang terakhir

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ini ada di bilang kalau kita berhasil

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ngejual lagi sebanyak 150 unit ke

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pembeli yang sama tapi harga beda

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Harganya 16 kalau tadi kita juga 15 nah

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harga 16 ini sama

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nyata dihargain 16 ini adalah harga jual

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bukan harga modal Nah sekarang kita

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langsung masuk aja ke penjelasannya Oke

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sekarang kita masuk ke pembahasan yang

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pertama kita bakal pakai metode

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perpetual dulu Nah jadi Disini di bilang

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kalau physical Count of inventory di

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tanggal satu me itu menunjukkan bahwa

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adanya begining dengan sebanyak 100 unit

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banana milk yang harganya itu 10 satunya

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jadi kau D'Cost quotable yang ada

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tulisannya bakal seperti ini jadi lihat

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tanggal 1.mei transaction nya jenis

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yaitu ada beginning Balance yogs nya

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nggak ada kenaikan penjualan Nah

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bellesha itu ada status unit dikali 10

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satunya yang hasilnya adalah 1000 mah

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soal yang kedua ini dibilang kalau

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banana Uyu beli 120 unit menanam milk

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dari supaya a yang masing-masing tuh

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Harganya 11 di tanggal 3 Mei nanti di

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kosong

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bentuknya bakal seperti ini nih tanggal

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3 Mei jenis transaksi Turkish C oke juga

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loh kali ini bukan penjualan nah

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diberesin ini dipisahin nih yang pertama

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tadi ada 100unit kali 10 itu ada

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nilainya sendiri sedangkan yang baru

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dibeli ya 120 unit kali 11 ini dipisah

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penulisannya Jadid kelihatan jelas mana

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yang harga 10 sama mana harga 11 yeah

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this one dibilang kalo kita ngejual 200

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unit banana milk di harga 15 ke Toraja

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tanggal 7 Mei nah yang perlu

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diperhatikan disini 15 ini adalah harga

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jual kita bukan harga modal nanti

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diqashar table bentuknya bakal seperti

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ini bisa dilihat disini DC tanggal 7 Mei

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transaction yaitu ada Solo atau bisa

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juga tuh XL nah joget sini udah keisi

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karena kita melakukan penjualan

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sedangkan balas inventory kita menurun

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saya 20 doang nih karena kita gede

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Hai nah akan dicegah hebatnya dari mana

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sih seperti yang udah diomongin dari

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awal first in first out jadi kita tuh

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percaya kalau barangnya masuk duluan itu

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akan keluar duluan juga ini di sini kita

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Habisin dulu nih 100 tahun kita punya

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ini yang joget pertama tuh satu unit

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dikali 10 nah tapi kita 200 nih jadi 100

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lagi kita ambil dari Tokyo kedua yang

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harganya 11 jadi nanti sisa inventory

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akhir kita ada 20 unit kali 11 karena

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kan satu unit yang ada 10 udah kejual

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semua dari 120 harga 11-1 sudah kejual

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berisi saya tinggal 20 unit kalian harga

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11 begitu key dieselnya selanjutnya ini

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dibilang kalau si pembeli kita tadi itu

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ngebalikin 80 unit badan ane yang udah

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dibeli di tanggal 14 Mei ini kau Stable

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kurang lebih bentuknya bakal seperti ini

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DC tanggal 14 Mei Islam saxon metode

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Stefan

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ini bisa dilihat kalau cekcok genset

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luminous Kenapa cowok genset luminous

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karena ketika pembeli kita nggak jadi

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beli batere otomatis kita pun nggak jadi

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ngono Ren joget kita enggak jadi modal

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gitu loh Nah kenapa di sini pakai angka

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yang 11 tadikan pembeli kita beli 200

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terus diare tuh 80 bentuk sebenarnya

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kita tuh masih gak jelas harus 20 unit

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yang wedges 100unit pertamanya itu

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adalah harga 10 karena cuman ngeread 80

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berarti A100 unitnya 10 juga dan balik

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yang baik ini cuman yang 11 doang nah

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disini tuh ada sedikit finhacks kalau

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dalam metode Fifo perpetual ketika ada

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retur penjualan maka tuh ada prinsip

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mudahnya adalah Lasso flashback jadi

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yang keluar terakhir itu adalah kembali

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duluan disini beres terakhir dari

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inventorynya itu ada 100 unit kali 11

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statusnya itu aja

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saudara 20 trus balik 80 jadi ada

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solution skd11 nah saja di sini bilang

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kalau si banana Uyu company beli lagi

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nih 200 unit pandangan Mi tapi dari

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supplier B yang harganya itu 12 satu

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susunya di tanggal 20 Mei dijadikan

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Stable ya nanti bakal kelihatan kayak

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begini tanggal 20 Mei ada putih nih yogs

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kosong karena ini bukan penjualan nah

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dibales ya bisa dilihat kalau ada

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pemisahan antara yang harganya 11 sama

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12 jadi ya 100 unit kali 11 sama yang

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200 ke-12 yang baru dibeli di tanggal 20

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Mei ini nah di nomor 6 ini dibilang

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kalau kita sebagai banana Uyu company

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ngebalikin 50 unit banana milk yang kita

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beli tadi dari supaya Bedi tanggal 25

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Mei berarti nanti bentuk oval table

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tak seperti ini di tanggal 25 Mei kita

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melakukan salat l jadi beres inventory

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kita tuh sisanya jadi sewaktu sekali 11

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itu enggak berubah ya Nah tapi sini yang

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berubah adalah sih ah Yun total unit

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yang kali 12 awalnya k200 nih tapi di

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tanggal 25 jadi sisa 150 doang karena

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kata direktur 50 nya jadi top beresin

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Factor akhir kita itu ada 100unit dikali

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11 sama 150 unit di 12 nah ini yang

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terakhir dibulan ini dibilang kalau kita

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sout 150 unit benar ambil ke Toraja lagi

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tapi harganya tuh 16 diinget lagi ya 16

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itu adalah harga jual bukan harga modal

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kita identik autotable itu bentuknya

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bakal seperti ini bisa dilihat di

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Ayo kita ngejual 150 unit di prinsipnya

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sama aja kaya tadi tanggal 7 Mei aja di

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kita Habisin dulu 100unit yonbi 11

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karena barangnya masih kurang jadi kita

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ambil dari yang 12 sebanyak 50 terus

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balanced beres rakyat dari inventor kita

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itu ada 100 kali 12 nah sebenarnya

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100unit ke-12 ini karena kan enggak

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retrovagina j2me bersih kita bisa bilang

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kalau 100 unit ke-12 ke-12 ini adalah

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ending inventory kita nah terakhirnya

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sesudah kita bikin cosco table kita tadi

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kita tuh bakal nyari yogs kita sama

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gross profit kalau tadi kaneki.png udah

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ada nih sih 1200mah caranya nih joget

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gampang banget tinggal di totalin aja

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tuh yang ada di kolom yogs di tanggal 7

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punya dikurangin sama 14mei ditambah

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sama 26.mei jadi cowok kita ada 2920 nah

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habis itu kita cari saya Steven yuk

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savanini penjualan kita

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sekali sama harga yang tadi dikasih tahu

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di bisnis taksi di 200k 15 itu kan

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penjualan tanggal 7 Mei terus dikurangin

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return return adalah 2015 tambah sama

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penjualan di tanggal 29 May at 50kali 16

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kita dapatkan saya sorenya sebesar 4200

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Nah kalau gross profit gampangnya aja

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tinggal saya souvenir kurangnya GGS

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dapat d1080 selanjutnya ada metode

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periodik Jadi kalau metode periodik ini

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bikin cosworth begitu jauh lebih gampang

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karena kita cuma perlu lihat nih

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transaksinya apa aja kita chat aja ke

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kosku tablenya jadi begini Jadi kita

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cuma nyatet transaksinya tok nanti

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angkanya baru diolah di belakang diakhir

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periode makanya namanya periodik dan

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perhitungannya kurang lebih begini Jadi

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ya jadi

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Hai jumlah barang yang terjual itu ada

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270 unit yang datang itu dari 200 terus

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dikurangi retur 80-150 jadi ada di usut

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270 unit total yang kejual nah disini

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live inventor yang kita punya itu ada

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100unit yang harga 10 120 unit yang

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harga 11 dan 150 unit yang harga 12-150

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unit ini tuh udah nett ya dari yang kita

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beli 200 digunain sama 50 jadi yogs itu

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adalah kita dijual 270 unit nih Karena

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tadi dibilang first in first out itu

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Habisin dulu nih dari harga paling murah

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ke yang paling mahal ini 100 unit dulu

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kali 10 berarti sisanya itu ada 170 nah

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habis lagi nih 120 kali 11 bisa 50 ya

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ambil 50kali 12 jadi kita dapat yogs

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2920 traveling itu tinggal ditambahin

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aja tuh yang should help Soul kurangnya

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selfie ton ditambah sama soalnya lagi

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dapat

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Hai kvit dapat ngajak kita

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diselesaikannya kurangin joget dapatlah

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1260 untuk ending inventory jadikan a

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total investor yang kita punyai

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Sebenarnya ada 370 Sedangkan jumlah

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barang yang terjual ada 270 berarti kita

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punya sih satu-satu unit Nah kan tadi

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yang atas atau sudah kejual semuanya

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harga 10 harga sebetulnya jual batik

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kita sisa punya yang harga 12y tinggal

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satu sini ke-12 ini inventory kita dapat

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a1200 gitu untuk metode periodik Nah di

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sini ada perbandingan nih hasil periodik

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sama perpetual bisa dilihat kalau

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menggunakan tektual ataupun periodik

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ending inventory yogs dan bervisi tuh

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sama jadi bisa disimpulkan kalau

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perhitungan menggunakan metode Fifo itu

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akan menghasilkan hasil akhir yang sama

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untuk ending inventory yogs dan book

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boskovic baik menggunakan sistem

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perpetual ngompol

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Hai yang bikin beda tuh hanya angkanya

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tuh di-update pada saat transaksi

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terjadi atau diakhir periode kalau pada

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saat transaksi terjadi berarti itu

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perpetual kalau dia ke periode-periode

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Hai guys Gua Jesslyn jadi gue salah satu

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tol ditutup aja dan gue juga jadi voice

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over di video kali ini itu find this

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video just fullspeed Khairudin Banten

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belum karena kita bakal upload lebih

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banyak lagi video-video yang bakal

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bermanfaat dan juga relay semua

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pelajaran Keane kulit jadi halus banget

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guys see you on the next video bye bye

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[Musik]

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Related Tags
Inventory ValuationFIFO MethodFinancial AccountingTutorial VideoCost AccountingBusiness EducationValencia EditionJesslyn's ClassBookkeepingProfit Analysis