Types of Curricula in School

Summary

This video script delves into the complexities of school curriculums, exploring traditional and progressive perspectives. It discusses the recommended curriculum and its implementation, including the challenges of aligning curriculum with actual classroom practices. The script also touches on the importance of academic freedom and the impact of the 'hidden curriculum' on student learning and behavior, providing a thought-provoking look into the nuances of education systems.

Takeaways

• 📚 The video discusses the various types of curriculums present in schools and the importance of understanding both the traditional and progressive perspectives of the curriculum.
• 🌐 It emphasizes the need for proficiency in discussing different curriculum types and examining their impact on online learning experiences.
• 📈 The script introduces the concept of the 'ideal curriculum' and how it is often presented as policy recommendations, which may include general and specific guidelines for educational systems.
• 🏫 It explains the role of government agencies, professional organizations, and international bodies in recommending curriculum standards, such as the example of the Republic Act in the Philippines.
• 🔍 The video highlights the difference between the 'ideal curriculum' and the 'implemented curriculum,' noting that the latter is what is actually taught and delivered in the classroom.
• 📝 The importance of assessment in the curriculum is discussed, including the distinction between assessment of learning, assessment for learning, and the use of standardized tests.
• 👥 The script touches on the 'hidden curriculum,' which refers to the unintended lessons and behaviors that students learn from the school environment and its procedures.
• 🌟 It suggests that the curriculum should be comprehensive, aligning with the needs and interests of students, and not just a set of standardized practices.
• 🛠️ The video mentions the importance of resources and support for the curriculum, including instructional materials, teacher allocation, and compliance with government and institutional rules.
• 🤔 It raises questions about academic freedom and the balance between following educational standards and allowing for creativity and flexibility in teaching methods.
• 🔑 The final takeaway is the significance of the curriculum in shaping student learning and behavior, and the need for educators to be aware of both the intended and unintended outcomes of their teaching.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the video script?

The main topic discussed in the video script is the concept of curriculum in schools, including different types of curriculum and how they are implemented and assessed.

What are the different types of curriculum mentioned in the script?

The script mentions several types of curriculum including the traditional and progressive perspectives, recommended curriculum, and the hidden curriculum.

What is the recommended curriculum according to the script?

The recommended curriculum, as mentioned in the script, is the ideal curriculum designed to include necessary skills and concepts for students, often presented as policy recommendations.

What does the script suggest about the implementation of the recommended curriculum?

The script suggests that the recommended curriculum may not always align with what actually happens in the classroom due to various factors such as teacher interpretation and available resources.

What is the 'hidden curriculum' as discussed in the script?

The 'hidden curriculum' refers to the unintended lessons or experiences students receive in school that are not part of the formal curriculum, such as social norms and values.

How does the script relate the curriculum to academic freedom?

The script relates curriculum to academic freedom by discussing the balance between the freedom to teach and the need to follow institutional and national standards for quality education.

What role do resources play in the implementation of the curriculum according to the script?

Resources play a crucial role in the script, as they support the curriculum by providing instructional materials, time allocation, and personnel necessary for effective teaching and learning.

How does the script address the issue of assessment in relation to the curriculum?

The script addresses assessment by differentiating between assessment of learning (to measure progress) and assessment for learning (to inform teaching), and it highlights the importance of proper alignment between curriculum and assessment.

What is the significance of the 'bottom line curriculum' mentioned in the script?

The 'bottom line curriculum' signifies the actual curriculum that students experience and learn, which may differ from the intended or recommended curriculum due to various factors in the educational environment.

How does the script discuss the influence of external organizations on the curriculum?

The script discusses the influence of external organizations such as UNESCO and government agencies, which may recommend curriculum changes or standards that schools must adopt.

What is the script's stance on the importance of aligning curriculum with students' needs and interests?

The script emphasizes the importance of aligning curriculum with students' needs and interests to ensure that the educational experience is relevant and engaging for them.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Curriculum Types and School Education

This paragraph discusses the concept of 'kurikulum' or curriculum in schools, emphasizing the need for proficiency in understanding different types of curriculums. It introduces the traditional and progressive perspectives on curriculum development and implementation. The paragraph also touches on the recommended curriculum by various educational bodies, including UNESCO, and the importance of including gender and development in educational content. It highlights the role of the Department of Education in providing recommended curriculums for different levels of schooling, from kindergarten to higher education, and the significance of technical education and skills development in shaping the curriculum.

05:00

📘 Curriculum Implementation and Assessment

The second paragraph delves into the practical aspects of curriculum implementation, including the challenges of aligning the intended curriculum with what is actually taught in classrooms. It discusses the importance of resources, instructional materials, and the role of teachers in facilitating learning. The paragraph also addresses different types of assessments, such as formative and summative assessments, and their purposes in evaluating learning progress. It raises the question of whether standardized tests effectively measure the curriculum's goals and the impact of the 'hidden curriculum,' which includes unintended lessons and behaviors learned by students.

10:02

🔍 Hidden Curriculum and Academic Freedom

This paragraph explores the concept of the 'hidden curriculum,' which refers to the unintended lessons and behaviors that students learn in school beyond the formal curriculum. It discusses how certain subjects may receive less attention compared to others, potentially influencing students' perceptions and values. The paragraph also touches on the idea of academic freedom, which is the freedom for teachers to teach, study, and pursue knowledge without undue interference, while still adhering to institutional and national educational standards.

15:04

🗂️ Curriculum Content and Exclusions

The final paragraph focuses on what is included and excluded in the curriculum, discussing the potential messages and values conveyed through the selection of topics. It mentions specific examples of topics that may be overlooked, such as the labor movement and the role of religion in American life. The paragraph emphasizes the importance of considering the full range of educational content and the implications of what is not explicitly taught in schools.

Keywords

💡Curriculum

Curriculum refers to the planned subjects and learning experiences that students receive in an educational institution. In the video's context, it is the central theme, discussing various types of curricula in schools and their impact on teaching and learning. The script mentions 'kurikulum' multiple times, indicating its significance in shaping educational experiences.

💡Depression

Depression, in the script, seems to be used metaphorically to describe a state of feeling overwhelmed or downcast, possibly referring to the challenges faced in the educational system. It is mentioned in the context of discussing the expectations of proficiency in various types of curricula, suggesting the emotional weight of educational responsibilities.

💡Online Learning

Online learning is a method of education delivery through the internet, allowing students to access courses and materials remotely. The script touches on 'online Ning experiences,' indicating a discussion of how digital platforms and tools are integrated into the curriculum to facilitate learning outside traditional classroom settings.

💡Traditional and Progressive Perspectives

These terms represent two different approaches to education. Traditional perspectives often emphasize structured learning and established teaching methods, while progressive perspectives focus on student-centered and experiential learning. The script contrasts these viewpoints when discussing the curriculum's evolution and its impact on educational practices.

💡Recommended Curriculum

A recommended curriculum is a set of guidelines or standards suggested for educational institutions to follow, ensuring a certain level of quality and consistency in education. The script discusses 'recommended seller' and 'recommended kurikulum,' which likely refer to the ideal curricular standards that schools should strive to meet.

💡International Standard

An international standard refers to educational guidelines or benchmarks that are recognized and followed globally. The script mentions 'International standard tetap,' which suggests a comparison or adoption of globally accepted educational practices within a specific curriculum.

💡Gender and Development

Gender and development is a concept that focuses on the role of gender in educational and social development, advocating for equality and inclusion. The script refers to the inclusion of gender and development in classes, indicating a discussion on the importance of addressing gender issues within the curriculum.

💡Assessment

Assessment in education is the process of evaluating students' learning and understanding. The script discusses various types of assessment, such as 'assessment for learning' and 'assessment of learning,' highlighting the importance of evaluating educational outcomes and using assessments to inform teaching practices.

💡Hidden Curriculum

The hidden curriculum refers to the unintended lessons or values that students learn in school, often through the environment and social interactions rather than formal instruction. The script mentions the 'hidden curriculum,' suggesting a discussion on the subtle influences on students' perceptions and behaviors beyond the formal curriculum.

💡Academic Freedom

Academic freedom is the concept of allowing educators and students the liberty to teach, study, and express ideas without undue interference or restriction. The script touches on 'akademik Freedom,' indicating a discussion on the importance of autonomy in educational settings to foster creativity and critical thinking.

💡Educational Resources

Educational resources include materials, tools, and support systems that facilitate learning and teaching. The script mentions the allocation of resources to support the curriculum, emphasizing the importance of providing adequate tools and materials to effectively deliver educational content.

Highlights

Introduction to the second session on the topic of curriculum in schools, focusing on types of curriculum and online learning experiences.

Expectation for participants to have proficiency in discussing different types of curriculum.

Discussion of traditional and progressive perspectives on curriculum development.

The concept of curriculum before it was standardized and organized.

Invitation for participants to develop their own ideas about possible types of curriculum software.

Use of a graphic organizer to identify different types of curriculum.

Identification of curriculum types such as national, international, and recommended curriculum.

The role of UNESCO in recommending the inclusion of gender and development in curriculum.

Different levels of education and their respective recommended curriculum by the Department of Education.

Technical education and the role of the Technical Education Skills Development Authority in curriculum development.

The importance of aligning curriculum with teaching practices and student learning outcomes.

The difference between the recommended curriculum and the curriculum actually delivered in the classroom.

The concept of the hidden curriculum and its impact on students' perceptions and behaviors.

Discussion on academic freedom and its relation to curriculum implementation.

The role of instructional materials and resources in supporting curriculum delivery.

Assessment methods for learning, including formative and summative assessments.

The significance of higher-order thinking skills in curriculum and assessment.

The impact of standardized tests on curriculum and teaching practices.

The importance of aligning curriculum with national standards and quality education regulations.

Conclusion and call to action for participants to reflect on the discussed curriculum types and their implications.

Transcripts

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